Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
157 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Xanax, Librium, Valium, Ativan, Serax
|
Benzodiazepines
|
|
|
Buspar, Atarax, Vistaril
|
Anti anxiety/anxiolytics
|
|
|
Prozac, Paxix, Zoloft, Celexa, Luvox
|
SSRI
|
|
|
Elavil, Anafranil, norpramin, sinequan, trofranil, pamelor, vivactil
|
TCA's - tricyclics
|
|
|
Marplan, Nardil, Parnate
|
MAOIs
|
|
|
Wellbutrin, Desyrel, Effexor, Serzone, Ludiomil, Remeron
|
antidepressents
|
|
|
lithium, tegretol, depakene, klonopin, neurontin
|
Antimanias
|
|
|
clozaril, risperdal,zyprexia, seroquel geodon, abilify
|
atypical antipsycotics
|
|
|
artane, cogentin, kemardrin, benadryl
|
antiparkinson agents
|
|
|
antabuse
|
alcohol deterrent
|
|
|
ritalin, dexedrine, cylert
|
stimulants
|
|
|
thorazine, mellaril, prolixin, haldol
|
anti psycotics, typical
|
|
|
vestra
|
SNRI
|
|
|
narcan
|
narcotic antagonist
|
|
|
Cognex, Aricept
|
Alzheimers tx
|
|
|
sudden, severe, pounding, occipital HA, neck stiffness, N/V sweating, up BP tachy
|
Hypertensive crisis
|
|
|
sore throat fever malaise, flue like symptoms, skin rashes,
|
agranulocytosis
|
|
|
EPS
|
extrapyramidal sx,
|
|
|
tremors shuffling gait, drooling, oculogyric crisis, tardive dyskinesia
|
EPS
|
|
|
dystonia
|
involuntary muscle spasms of face arms legs and neck
|
|
|
akathisia
|
continuous restlessness and fidgeting
|
|
|
eyes roll back into head and look upward
|
Occulogyric crisis
|
|
|
What do you give for occulogyric crisis?
|
benadryl
|
|
|
What is tardive dyskinesia?
|
involuntary repetitious movements or spasms of the uscles of the face, limbs and trunks
|
|
|
what does tardive dyskinesia usually affect?
|
mouth and tongue
|
|
|
What causes TD?
|
antipsycotic drugs
|
|
|
Tx of TD?
|
cholinergic drugs to reduce spasms
|
|
|
NMS
|
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
|
|
|
What is NMS?
|
complication of neuroleptic meds, rare, potentially fatal
|
|
|
S/S of NMS?
|
severe parkinsonian sx, tachy, hyperpyrexia,
|
|
|
tx of NMS
|
parlodel or dantrolene
|
|
|
anticholinergic effects
|
anti SLUD, hypotension, dry mouth, constipation, blured vision,
|
|
|
What are parkinsonian sx?
|
tremors, shuffling gait, drooling, rigidity
|
|
|
tx for drug induced parkonsonian sx
|
anticholinergics like cogenix or benadryl
|
|
|
teaching for orthostatic hypotension
|
rise slowly from lying position, dangle feet then stand slowly,
|
|
|
teaching for photosensitiy
|
limit exposure to sun, always use sunscreen and sunglasses
|
|
|
CNS depressents teaching
|
7-10 days to become effective, report restlessness or spastic movements no alcohol
|
|
|
which of the psychotropic drug categories are considered addictivew
|
barbituates
|
|
|
role of acetylcholine
|
sleep arousal, pain perception, modulation, coordination of movement, memory
|
|
|
Norepinephrine
|
regulation of mood, cognition, perception, locomotion, cardiovascular fx, sleep and arousal
|
|
|
Dopamine
|
regulation of movements and coordingation, emotions, voluntary decision making, inhibits release of prolactin
|
|
|
serotonin
|
sleep and arousal, libido, appetite, mood, aggression
|
|
|
histamine
|
mediates allergic and inflammatory reactions may play a role in depressive illness
|
|
|
GABA
|
prevents postsynaptic excitation - feel good stuff
|
|
|
tolerance
|
higher doses of a drug are needed over time to elicit the same response
|
|
|
priaprism
|
prolonged painful penile erection, may occur as an adverse effect of some antidepressane meds, trazodone
|
|
|
Retrograde ejactulation
|
ejaculation of the seminal fluid backwards into the bladder, may occur as a side effect of antipsychotic med
|
|
|
amenorrhea
|
cessation of the menses, may be a side effect of some antipsychotic meds
|
|
|
akinesia
|
muscular weakness, loss of partial loss of muscle movement, EPS associated with antipsycotic meds
|
|
|
akathisia
|
restlessness, an urgent need for movement, EPS with antipsychotics
|
|
|
dystonia
|
involuntary muscular movements of the face, armss, legs back
|
|
|
Lap time
|
time between ingestion of med and onset of med
|
|
|
blood dyscrasias
|
abnormal condition of the blood
|
|
|
neurotransmitter
|
chemical that is tored in the axon terminal of the presynaptic neuron. electrical impulse through the neuron stimulates the release of the neurotransmitter into the
|
|
|
reuptake
|
reabsorption of neurotransmitter
|
|
|
seizure threshold
|
amount of stimulus needed to produce a convulsive seizure
|
|
|
neuron
|
nerve cell
|
|
|
parts of neuron
|
cell body axon dendtrites
|
|
|
synapse
|
junction between 2 neurons
|
|
|
synaptic cleft
|
small space between axon terminal of 1 neuron and the cell body
|
|
|
what conditions are antipsychotics given?
|
tx of acute and chronic psychosis, intractable hiccoughs, controlling tics and vocal utterances
|
|
|
other names for antipsychotics
|
psychotropics, neuroleptics, major tranquilizers
|
|
|
are typical antipsychotics more helpful withthe positive or negative characteristics of schizophreniz
|
positive
|
|
|
What are the side effects of antipsychotics
|
EPS, N/V urinary retention
|
|
|
what antipsyccholtics are often given to non complicatn cts why
|
halidol and proloxin deconate are injectable and last a month
|
|
|
describe the action of antipsychotics as they relate to amines
|
may decrease of block action of dopamine in the brain
|
|
|
why are cts often non compliatent with antipsychoitcs
|
side effects
|
|
|
What is clozoril
|
antipsychotic agent
|
|
|
when is clozoril given
|
tx of schizophrenia pts who are unresponsive to or intolerant of standard therapy with other antipsychotisc
|
|
|
Half life of clozoril
|
8-12 hours
|
|
|
does clozoril cross blood brain barriesr or placenta
|
yes both
|
|
|
when is clozoril contraindicated?
|
hypersensitivity, bone marrow depression, lactation, severe CNs depression/coma
|
|
|
When should you use clozoril cautiously
|
prostatic enlarge, glaucoma, cardio/hepatic/renal disease, diabetes, serisure, not under 16
|
|
|
Nsg assess on clozoril
|
monitor pts mental status monitor BP pulse before and during, monitor for akathsia, and PS tardive dyskinesia
|
|
|
what is haldol
|
antipsychotic agent used to diminish s/s psychoses tourettes and behavior prob
|
|
|
use haldol cautiously in
|
geriatrics, cardiac disease, diabetes, pregnacny
|
|
|
SE of haldol
|
NMS, blurred vision, antislud
|
|
|
Which newer antipsychotic does not produce weight gain
|
abilify
|
|
|
What are antiparkinsonian agents given to mental health pts
|
because of EPS,
|
|
|
how do antipark agents work
|
reduch ACH
|
|
|
PRN order for cogentin when do you give
|
with eps sx
|
|
|
SE of benadryl,
|
sedation and seizures,
|
|
|
when do you give benadryl
|
HS
|
|
|
SE of cogentin
|
disorientation, constipation, give with lots of water do reality checks with ct
|
|
|
Most common drug for mania
|
lithium
|
|
|
why would an antipsychotic be given during lithium lag periods
|
calms the pt before lithium takes effect
|
|
|
what is the relationship between lithium and salt and fluid
|
lithium and salt compete for same receptor sites, if increase fluid flush lithium out
|
|
|
lag period for lithium
|
1-3 weeks
|
|
|
What factors raise lithium levels?
|
diarrhea, diuretics, dehydration, no salt
|
|
|
what factrors decrease lithium levels
|
preg, incre na,
|
|
|
SE of lithium
|
lock of spontaneity memory loss, confusion, lethargy tremors, weight gain diff concen
|
|
|
which SE lithium dis
|
lack of spontaneity, mem loss, diff concent
|
|
|
Which signs indicate toxicity
|
weight gain and acne get worse, pruritis
|
|
|
NSG intv with lithium
|
give with food, make sure pt is well hydrated, pt is consistent iwth salt intake, set up exercise regien monitor for tox
|
|
|
acute therapeutic range
|
0.9 - 1.2 or 1.0 -1.5
|
|
|
maintenc lithium thera range
|
0-6 - 1.4 and -6 - 1.2
|
|
|
how often should lithium levels be monitored
|
once a month
|
|
|
why is lithium dangerous
|
because of the toxic levels, narrow thera range
|
|
|
lithium 1.7 what nsg intervent
|
check for peripheral collapse do not stop abruptly
|
|
|
whenis lithium therapy contraindicated
|
cardio vas or renal, brain damage, severe dehyd, na deplet
|
|
|
two mood stabilizers instead of litium
|
depakote, tegretol
|
|
|
what are theories about how lithium works
|
replaces na affects the NE and serotonin
|
|
|
What are cts non compliate with lithium therap
|
se and having to maintain low salt diet
|
|
|
SSRI
|
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
|
|
|
How do SSRI's work
|
increasing NE and serotonin available in the body by blocking reuptake
|
|
|
What does MAOI stand for?
|
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
|
|
|
How do MAOIs work
|
enzyme that activate NE and serotonin release
|
|
|
How long does it take for antidepressants to work
|
2-4 weeks
|
|
|
what teaching needs to be done with MAOIs
|
advise pt that laxatives should be used only short term, cant eat certain foods
|
|
|
What is a parnate cheese factor
|
any aged products such as cheese, yogurts, has a severe reaction
|
|
|
can the MAOIs be given with other depressants
|
no should wait 7 to 14 days after takin antidepressants before start MAOi therapy
|
|
|
how do ssris differ from tricyclics
|
SSRIs inhibit the reuptake of serotonin, SSRIS are safer, less SEs
|
|
|
Seizures are a problem associated with which antidep
|
wellbutrin
|
|
|
Weight loss is assocaiate with which antidep
|
prozac and zoloft
|
|
|
SE of antidepre categories
|
sedation, ortho hypo, arrhy, photosens, weight gain or loss,
|
|
|
MAOIS have what spec SE
|
Hypertensive crisis
|
|
|
What does SNRI stand for?
|
selectered norepi reuptake inhibitor
|
|
|
What are other names for the antianxiety class of drugs
|
benzodiazepines and barbituates
|
|
|
Major conditions for anti anxiety agents
|
anxiety, insomnia seizures
|
|
|
Why are benzodiazepines not a good choice for long term symptom management
|
develop dependence
|
|
|
SE for benzodiazepines
|
daytime sedation, drowsiness, fatigue, potentiate eTOH on CNS
|
|
|
NSG inter with anti anx
|
monitor BP p and resp, can lead to dependence, restrict drug,
|
|
|
How is Buspar different from other antianxieties
|
does not cause sedation, no abuse potential, can be used longterm, does not enhance BNS depression
|
|
|
Most common chemical group used in antianxiety
|
benzodiazepines
|
|
|
contraindicatiosn to benzodiazepines
|
do no take with other CNs depressants do not take during preg or lactation, shock, coma, glaucoma
|
|
|
Which is safer, benzodiazepines or barbituates?
|
benzodiazepines, less addictive
|
|
|
why should benzodiazepine not be discont abruptly
|
can cause severe withdrawal sx
|
|
|
when is librium given during alcohol withdrawal
|
before sx of withdrawl occur
|
|
|
what is GABA?
|
neurotransmitter found throughout CNS it is inhibitory
|
|
|
What effects do the antianxiety drugs have on GABA?
|
benzodiazepines enhance inhibitory effects of GABA
|
|
|
why is antabuse considered aversion therapy?
|
because it is take by alcoholics to help them refrain from drinking
|
|
|
What are dangers of antabuse?
|
life threatening potential reactions marked resp depress,
|
|
|
Rx Class of antabuse?
|
alchohol abuse deterrent
|
|
|
drugs commonly given during ECT tx
|
thiopental succinylcholine
|
|
|
Why are benzodiazepines not a good choice for long term symptom management
|
develop dependence
|
|
|
SE for benzodiazepines
|
daytime sedation, drowsiness, fatigue, potentiate eTOH on CNS
|
|
|
NSG inter with anti anx
|
monitor BP p and resp, can lead to dependence, restrict drug,
|
|
|
How is Buspar different from other antianxieties
|
does not cause sedation, no abuse potential, can be used longterm, does not enhance BNS depression
|
|
|
Most common chemical group used in antianxiety
|
benzodiazepines
|
|
|
contraindicatiosn to benzodiazepines
|
do no take with other CNs depressants do not take during preg or lactation, shock, coma, glaucoma
|
|
|
Which is safer, benzodiazepines or barbituates?
|
benzodiazepines, less addictive
|
|
|
why should benzodiazepine not be discont abruptly
|
can cause severe withdrawal sx
|
|
|
when is librium given during alcohol withdrawal
|
before sx of withdrawl occur
|
|
|
what is GABA?
|
neurotransmitter found throughout CNS it is inhibitory
|
|
|
What effects do the antianxiety drugs have on GABA?
|
benzodiazepines enhance inhibitory effects of GABA
|
|
|
why is antabuse considered aversion therapy?
|
because it is take by alcoholics to help them refrain from drinking
|
|
|
What are dangers of antabuse?
|
life threatening potential reactions marked resp depress,
|
|
|
Rx Class of antabuse?
|
alchohol abuse deterrent
|
|
|
drugs commonly given during ECT tx
|
thiopental succinylcholine
|
|
|
what is thiopental
|
injectable ultra short acting anesthetic that prevents conscious awareness of ECT
|
|
|
What is succinylcholine
|
short acting NM block, prevents shock induced convulsive movements,
|
|
|
NSG consider for thiopental
|
excessive sedation, possible dependence
|
|
|
what drug given in narcotic overdose?
|
narcan
|
|
|
ritalin given to children with what disorder
|
ADHD
|
|
|
What type of drug is ritalin
|
stimulant
|
|
|
Will kids on ritalin lose weight?
|
yes
|
|
|
what labs should you monitor on ritalin
|
CBC and platelets
|
