Meds 3/26 Test

Front 1

Anticoagulant medications

Back 1

Heparin

Enoxaparin (lovenox)

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Front 2

Heparin

Action:

Back 2

Prevents thrombin from converting fibrinogen to fibrin

It doesn’t dissolve clots, but prevents new thrombus formation

Front 3

If giving heparin I V

Back 3

Onset in 5 minutes and peaks in 2 to 6 hours,

If given subcutaneous, onset in 20 to 60 minutes and lasts 8 to 12 hours

Do not aspirate or rub the site and NEVER give intramuscular

Front 4

What do you monitor with heparin

Back 4

APTT: activated partial thromboplastin, normal range is 20 to 40 seconds

APTT should be 1.5 to 2.5 times the normal level

Front 5

Antidote for heparin

Back 5

Protamine sulfate

Used to reverse

Front 6

Enoxaparin (lovenox)

What is it

Back 6

Low-molecular weight heparin

Less allergenic than heparin

Using with heparin May result in injury or death

Front 7

How do you give enoxaparin

(lovenox)

Back 7

Subcutaneous never intramuscular or I V

Front 8

Antidote for enoxaparin

(Lovenox)

Back 8

Protamine sulfate

Used to reverse

Front 9

Warfarin

(Coumadin)

Action:

Back 9

Interferes with the liver synthesis of vitamin K Dependent clotting factors

Prolongs clotting time

Front 10

Warfarin

(Coumadin)

Given:

Back 10

Per oral

Onset 12 to 24 hours and peaks at 1.5 to 3 days

Often started prior to stopping heparin

Front 11

Warfarin

(Coumadin)

Monitor:

Back 11

Prothrombin time and international normalized ratio

Normal PT: 9 to 12 seconds,

Therapeutic range is 1.5 to 2.0 times the control

Normal I N R: 1.3 to 2.0

Therapeutic range is: 2.0 to 3.0

Front 12

Warfarin

(Coumadin)

Antidote:

Back 12

Vitamin K

It is easy to get toxic to Coumadin

Front 13

With all anticoagulants

Side effects:

Back 13

Hemorrhage, monitor for

Bruising, petechiae, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, blood in urine or stools, tarry stools, decreased hematocrit

Can also use nausea, alopecia

Urticaria

Front 14

With all anticoagulants

Teach patients:

Back 14

Avoid foods high in vitamin K

Green leafy vegetables and certain meds like corticosteroids, NSAIDs and ASA containing products

Front 15

With all anticoagulants

Avoid giving:

Back 15

Intramuscular injection and venous stasis

Front 16

What is important to maintain while using anticoagulants

Back 16

Regular lab tests

Front 17

With all anticoagulants

Herbal interactions:

Back 17

Anticoagulant action may be decreased if use chamomile, ginseng, alfalfa and anise

Front 18

Thrombolytic

Medications:

Back 18

Retaplase (retavase)

Aletplase (activase)

Streptokase

Front 19

Thrombolytic

Action:

Back 19

Activate plasminogen which generates plasmin which dissolves clots

Front 20

Thrombolytic uses:

Back 20

Used early in course of M I, pulmonary embolism, thrombolytic strokes, and occluded shunts

Front 21

Thrombolytic

Side effects:

Back 21

Bleeding, dysthymias, allergic reaction

Cannot use streptokase if patient has had strep within the past year

Front 22

Thrombolytic

Antidote:

Back 22

Amicar

Used to reverse

Front 23

Antiplatelet

Medications:

Back 23

Plavix

Persantine

Ticlid

Integrilin

Front 24

Antiplatelet

Action:

Back 24

Inhibit aggregation of platelets in clotting process

Front 25

Antiplatelet

Uses:

Back 25

Can be used with anticoagulants

Front 26

Antiplatelet

Side effects:

Back 26

Bleeding and flu like symptoms