Medicine Exam 2

Front 1

Eosinophilic Granuloma of cats:
What is it? What will you see when biopsy? Treatment?

Back 1

Rodent Ulcer
Caused by virus, found as sore on upper lip, spread by licking. When biopsied you will see lots of eosinophils. Treatment is Depo Medrol

Front 2

Lipfold Pyoderma
Cheilitis

Back 2

Infection of the Lip
Inflammation of the Lip

Front 3

When do dog and cats have perm. teeth?

Back 3

6 months

Front 4

What is the Cup, Star, and Cavanes Groove?

Back 4

Star: yellowish brown secondary dentin that fills up the pulp cavity and appears at the occlusal surface as the tooth wears
Cup: funnel-like infoldings in the occlusal surface
Cavanes Groove:

Front 5

Define Coprophagia

Back 5

Eating Manure

Front 6

Anorexia

Cachexia

Back 6

Not Eating

Generally wasting away, poor looking

Front 7

Aerophagia

Back 7

Animal takes in food and air and the air pushes the food back up instantly

Front 8

Regurgitation

Back 8

Animal brings up food instantly after eating and looks like undigested food

Front 9

Tenesmus

Back 9

straining to Defacating

Front 10

Melena

Back 10

Black, Tary stool due to an Upper GI Tract bleed

Front 11

Emesis

Back 11

Vomiting

*Emetic - induces vomiting

Front 12

Salmonella
* Dx
*Px
*Tx

Back 12

Dx: culture fecal material - will cause a decrease in WBC #

Px: Keep clean surroundings and cook all food

Tx: IV Fluids, IV Antibiotics, Pepto - fights with salmonella for bonding sites

Front 13

Polyphagia
Polydipsia
Polyuria

Back 13

Increased eating
Increased Drinking
Increased urination

Front 14

Traumatic Reticulo-Peritonitis
-What happened?
-How are they walking?
- Prevention?
-Nickname?
Treatment?

Back 14

Cow eats metal because they are indiscriminate eaters. it gets into the reticulum, gets moved around, and can penetrate the heart.

They have a guarded gate, when you pinch the withers they won't scoot and grunt.

Magnet is fed at six months

Also called Hardware Disease.

No Treatment

Front 15

Blocked Esophagus

What are the clinical signs? What do you do? How do you do it?

Back 15

C.S. - regurgitation, weight loss, halitosis, dyspena.

You need to try to locate the object. may not be able to see it by just looking. Pull out if can. Too risky to do surgery because of lots of blood vessels and nerves in area.

a) Radiographs
b) Barium contrast swallow
c) fibroptic endoscope

Front 16

GDV
-stands for?
-Definition
-cause
-predisposing factors?
-What do you do while waiting for animal?
-C.S.
-Tx
-Surgery?
-PRognosis?
-Spleen?

Back 16

-Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus
-The stomach fills with gas or twists on itself. Dilation: Gas build up; torsion is twisted stomach.
-Cause is unknown
-deep chested dogs, dog that eats excess and then forced exercise
-prepare surgery room, stomach tube, and crash cart
-scant feces, expansion of stomach beyond ribcage, animal goes into shock - depressed mentation, pale MM, tachycardia, weak pulse.
-TPR, Patent airway, stomach tube first to release gas, if not surgery needed
-Gastroplexy - decompress intestine with needle, untwist stomach, and tack to Right abdo wall. If stomach is necrotic -> automatic euthanize
-Prognosis is as fast as the surgeon can untwist the stomach
-if spleen is involved need to take it out.

Front 17

Colic in Horses
-What
-Four main Causes
-what do you do
-Treatment

Back 17

-Stomach Ache
-a) impaction
b) mechanical
c) Tympanic
d) Spasmadic
-TPR, Check MM - Purple line means toxic, pass stomach tube and pour 1-2 gal. of oil down
-Treat the pain with Bamamine, Treat cause, may need surgery.

Front 18

RDA
-What
-C.S
-Dx
-Tx

Back 18

-Right Displaced Abomassum
-generally see in dairy cows that are prego. Due to that it makes the clinical signs more severe and immediate surgery is needed but becomes difficult because of the repro tract involvement.
-Ping on right sides
-Surgery which is complicated

Front 19

LDA
-what
-C.S
-Dx
-Tx

Back 19

-Left Displaced Abomassum
abomassum shifts left depending on gas in stomach
-scant fecal production & not eating, increased TPR due to pain.
-Ping cow on Left
-Surgery - Abomasoplexy - tack down abomasum.
a) lay down and tack with local - abdo. However they can bloat
b)standing up - incision in paralumbar fossa.

Front 20

Stomatitis
-causes

Back 20

Inflammation of the mouth
a) electrical cord burn - will cause pulmonary edema and its what kills them.
b) fungal infections
c) autoimmune disease
d) Feline upper resp. virus which you treat with Buprenex.

Front 21

Pica

Back 21

Animal eats things it isn't supposed to.

Front 22

What can be done for an animal that has lost their appetite?

Back 22

a) force feed
b)stomach tube
c) B vitamin injections
d)corticosteroids

in cats - diazepam

Front 23

Pseudoptyalism

Back 23

Difficult time swallowing but there is normal secreations of saliva.

cause is rabies and neuromuscular problems

Front 24

Osteodystrophy fibroma
-what?
-Animals?
-how happens?

Back 24

weak bones and see fractures. seen mostly in cats because they are picky eaters. People fed them liver and then they will only eat that. Liver has excess Vitamin A which interfers with Vitamin D and calcium uptake. The bone doesn't get calcium and therefore breaks.

Front 25

Megacolon in dog and cat

How?

Back 25

Cisapride - enhances transmittal material thru the GI tract.

Front 26

Perianal Fistula

Back 26

Clinically you see holes that look like abscess that broke open, difficult to treat.

Radical surgical repair is needed.

may see with anal sac impaction/rupture.

Front 27

Volvulus

Back 27

The intestines spin on their mesenteric axis.

Front 28

Grain Overload

Back 28

1. Cow eats too much grain
2. Rumen becomes impacted
3. overgrowth of gram positive bacteria
4. lactic acid is released
5. lowers pH of rumen
6. no treatment-immediate slaughter

Front 29

achalasia

Back 29

failure of cardiac sphincter

Front 30

dysphagia

Back 30

difficulty swallowing

Front 31

Lampas

Back 31

Hardening of hard palate tissue above the incisors. Increase in palate tissue.

Horse will not take the bit.

Front 32

Glossophagia

Back 32

Paralysis of the tongue

cause- botulism

Front 33

Inanition

Back 33

exhaustion from lack of food

Front 34

Fistulated cow

Back 34

take out healthy rumen from cow and give via stomach tube to sick cow - rumen innocculation.

need it to break down cellulose.

Front 35

Ballotment

Back 35

To push in rumen to see whats in there or to bump a calf

Front 36

Colibacillosis

-caused by?
-Causes?

Back 36

Caused by E. Coli Bacteria

Black scours. Death in the young and diarrhea and fever in old

Front 37

Rectal Prolapse

Back 37

The rectum inverts outside the body. see red, inflammed hemorrhagic piece of tissue near anus.

Front 38

Intussusception

Back 38

Large intestine drops into cecum and compromises blood supply.

Front 39

Tosion

Back 39

Intestines twist on their long axis.

Front 40

Bougies

Back 40

instrument that used to open stenotic cardiac sphincter

Front 41

mega esophagus

Back 41

dilation of the esophagus

cause loss of muscle tone in the esophagus. Can be genetic

Front 42

Choke

Major DDX?

Back 42

RABIES

Front 43

Glossitis

Back 43

Inflammation of the tongue

Front 44

Aptyalism

Back 44

not salivating

Caused by: drugs like atropine and dehydration

Front 45

Pharyngeal Paralysis

Back 45

usually cant swallow

caused by Botulism where you get paralysis of legs and heart and Rabies

Front 46

Ptyalism

Back 46

Hypersecretion of saliva.

caused by: Bitter Drugs, inflammation, and motion sickness.