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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do you treat meningitis?
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Ceftriaxone 2 gm IV
Cefotaxime Chloramphenical |
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Which drugs can cause agranulocytosis?
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PTU
Bactrim Chloramphenicol Dylantin |
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a painful mouth infection caused by coxsackieviruses
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herpangina
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What are viral causes of exudative pharyngitis?
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Coxackie
Adenovirus EBV |
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infection of the gums leading to inflammation, bleeding, deep ulceration and necrotic gum tissue
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Vincent's angina
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Name conditions that cause stomatitis
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Behcet's
HSV Vincent's Herpangina Syphilis |
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Name organisms that cause aseptic meningitis
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Coxackie
Enterovirus Herpes- treatable Fungal: histo, coccidio Spirochetes Lyme disease |
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What are the anaerobic organisms found in the mouth?
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Prevatella
Fusobacterium Peptostreptococcus Porfomonas |
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Bacterial organisms that cause meningitis
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18-50 y/o: S pneumo, N.meningitidis
>50 y/o: S.pneumo, N.meningitidis, Listeria, Gram negatives |
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Which cranial nerves are usually affected with CNS infections?
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II, III, IV, VII, VIII
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How do you treat Listeria miningitis?
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Ampicillin with AG
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Test of choice with a h/o unilateral headache with focal neurological signs or seizures
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Do a CT scan because the symptoms imply a mass lesion
Don't do an LP: can cause cerebral herniation |
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What are signs/symptoms of meningitis
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Fever
Headache Stiff neck |
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Signs and symptoms of encephalitis
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Confusion
Bizarre behavior < LOC Focal neurologic signs Seizures |
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MCC of infectious meningitis
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Bacterial
Viral Tuberculous Fungal |
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MCC of Non-infectious meningitis
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Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Cancer Sarcoidosis |
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What are the 3 types of infectious meningitis
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Acute
Aseptic Subacute |
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Palpable purpura is suggestive of this infection
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N.meningitidis infection
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What drug should be given to household members of pts with meningococcal and H.flu meningitis for prophylaxis?
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Rifampin 10mg/kg BID for 2 days
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What is the DOC for meningitis caused by Listeria
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Ampicillin 15-21 days
AG for the first 7 days |
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Name two side effects of rifampin that you should mention to the patient
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Urine and tears will turn orange
Oral contraceptives will be temporarily inactivated |
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Meningitis assoc with negative gram stains and cultures
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Aseptic meningitis
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MCC of aseptic miningitis
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Enteroviruses:
Coxackie Choriomeningitis Herpes simplex Echovirus Mumps Leptospira |
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Describe Aseptic meningitis
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Benign illness of viral origin that presents with headache and fever
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Name organisms that cause Subacute and chronic meningitis
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HIV
TB Cryptococcus Coccidioides Histoplasma Treponema pallidum Lyme disease |
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What are S/Sx of TB meningitis?
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Headache
Fever Altered mental status Papilledema Cranial nerve palsies(II, III, IV, VI, VII) |
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MCC of fungal meningitis? How do you treat?
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Cryptococcal
Treat with amphotericin B |
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Test for cryptococcus
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India Ink
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Infection of the dorsal nerve roots that appears 10-20 years after primary syphilitic infection
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Tabes dorsalis
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What are the symptoms of Tabes dorsalis
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Lightning-like pains
Sensory neuropathy of the legs Loss of vibration, position sense Areflexia Postural hypotension Foot ulcers Traumatic arthropathy of the joints Argyll Robertson pupils |
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When trying to diagnose the cause of meningitis, how can you tell wether an infectious disease is likely?
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If the CSF pleocytosis consists of more than 50-100 cells/uL
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What is the most frequent, treatable, and devastating cause of encephalitis?
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HSV
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Name some S/Sx of encephalitis
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Fever
Headache Stiff neck Confusion ALOC Focal neurologic signs Seizures |
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what type of infections produce focal abscesses rather than diffuse miningitis?
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Parasitic infections
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