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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anti-infective
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Generic: Cefazolin
Trade Name: Ancef |
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Cefazolin
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Trade Name: Ancef
Classification: Anti-infective Route: IV Dose: 1g Freq/Time: 30-60 min before surgery to Q8HRS up to 24 HRS |
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Action of Cefazolin
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Trade: Ancef
Classif: Anti-infectives Perioperative prophylaxis. Minimize risk for infection |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects for Ancef
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Generic: Cefazolin
Classif: Anti-infective Avoid Infections Monitor IV site freq (pain, redness, swelling) Observe pt. for S/S of rash pruritus, laryngeal edema or wheezing. D/C med and call Dr. |
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Sublimaze
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Trade Name: Fentanyl
Classification:Opioid Analgesics Route: IV/Patch Dose: 1-2 mg Freq/Time: 45 Minutes Before Surgery |
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Fentanyl
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Generic: Sublimaze
Classification: Opioid Analgesics Time: 45 Minutes Before Surgery |
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Action of Fentanyl
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Generic: Sublimaze
Classification: Opioid Analgesic Binds to opiate receptors the CNS, altering the response to the perception of pain |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects for Sublimaze
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Generic: Sublimaze
Classif: Opioid Analgesic Supplements in anesthesia - dilute in 0.9% NaCl Closely Monitor RR, B/P Caution the patient to change position slowly Educate the patient not to drive for 24 hrs and avoid alcohol Reversal Drug: Narcan |
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Antiemetics Drug
(Nausea/Vomiting) |
Generic: Metoclopramide
Trade Name: Reglan Route: IV Dose: 10 mg Freq/Time: Pre/Post operative |
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Action of Reglan
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General Name: Metoclopramide
Classification: Antiemetics Treatment of Prevention of nausea and Vomiting |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects for Metoclopramide
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Trade: Reglan
Classif: Antiemetics (Nausea/Vomiting) - Decreases nausea & vomiting - Assess patient of difficulty speaking/swallowing - Assess for any nausea/vomiting - Assess Bowel sounds before and after - Administer slow to avoid side effects such as anxiety & restlessness - Monitor for neuroleptic malignant syndrome - hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, altered consciousness, irregular pulse or blood pressure, tachycardia, diaphoresis |
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Adverse Side Effects to Reglan
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Generic: Metoclopramide
Classif: Antiemetic (Nausea/vomiting) Drowsiness, Extrapyramidal reactions, restlessness, neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
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Anticholinergics
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Generic: Glycopyrrolate
Trade Name: Robinul Route: IV Dose: 4.4 mch/kg Freq/Time: 30-60 min preop |
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Action of Robinul
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Generic: Glycopyrrolate
Classification: Anticholinergics Decreases GI and Respiratory Secretions |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects for Glycopyrrolate
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Trade: Robinul
Classif: Anticholinergics (Secretions) Reduces Secretions Decreases risk for aspiration Decreases risk vomiting Used in larger case Watch urine output after surgery Patient can chew gum for dry mouth Patient shouldn't drive |
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Adverse Reactions to Glycopyrrolate
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Trade Name: Robinul
Classif: Anticholinergics (secretions) Tachycardia, Dry mouth urinary hesitancy, drowsiness, blurred vision |
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Adverse Effects of Sublimaze
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Trade: Fentanyl
Classif: Opioid Analgesic Apnea, Laryngospasm, confusion, double vision, nausea, vomiting, |
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Antiulcer Agent
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Generic: Cimetidine
Trade Name: Tagamet Route: IV Dose: 300 mg Dilute with NaCl Freq/Time: Q6HRS |
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Cimetidine
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Trade Name: Tagamet
Classificaiton: Antiulcer Agent |
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Action of Tagamet
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Generic: Cimetidine
Classif: Antiulcer Agent Healing and prevention of ulcers. Decreases symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and gastric secretions from gastric acid |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects of Tagamet
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Generic: Cimetidine
Classif: Antiulcer Agent Healing or Prevention of Ulcers Monitor rating of infusion to avoid hypotension Monitor labs - CBC Check for confusion esp in geriatric patients |
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Adverse Reactions to Cimetidine
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Trade: Tagamet
Classification: Antiulcer Agent Confusion, arrhythmias, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, dizziness, drowsiness, |
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Antianxiety/Sedative/hypnotics
Benzodiazepines |
Generic: Midazolam
Trade Name: Versed |
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Midazolam
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Trade Name: Versed
Benzodiazepines Antianxiety/sedative/hypnotics Route: IV Dose: 1-2 mg |
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Versed Freq/Time
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Pre-op slowly
Generic: Midazolam Classification: Antianxiety/sedative/hypnotics Benzodiazepines Post-op amnesia affect |
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Action of Midazolam
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Trade Name: Versed
Classif: Antianxiety/sedative/hypnotics Benzodiazepines Short term sedative Post op amnesia effect |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects of Versed
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General: Midazolam
Classif: Antianxiety/sedative/hypnotic Benzodiazepines Aids in anesthesia, relaxes the patient. Assess their level of consciousness. Monitor B/P, P, RR, O2 Sat Reversal Drug: Romazicon |
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Adverse Reactions/Side Effects of Midazolam
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Trade: Versed
Classif: Antianxiety/sedative/hypnotic Benzodiazepines *Post-op amnesia effect drowsiness, blurred vision, apnea, laryngospasm, respiratory depression, cardiac arrest, phlebitis at IV site |
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Romazicon is Reversal drug for:
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Versed (Midazolam)
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Morphine
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Opioid Analgesic
Route: IV, PO, Rectal, SQ Dose: 4-10 mg Freq/Time: Q3-4HRS |
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Action of Morphine
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Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS.
Decreases the severity of pain with MI Pulmonary edema |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects of Morphine
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Classif: Opioid Analgesic
**Assess for Respiratory Depression** Relieve pain Assess pain Assess LOC, BP, P, R before & during administration Confusion, sedation, hypotension, bradycardia, CONSTIPATION, itching, nausea/vomiting, urinary retention |
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Action of Oxycodone
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Trade: Percocet
Classif: Opioid Agonist Binds to the opiate receptors. Moderate to severe pain |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects of Percocet
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Generic: Oxycodone
Classif: Opioid Agonist Relieves Pain, Assess Pain, Assess BP, P, R, Assess Bowel Movements |
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Adverse Side Effects of Percocet
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Generic: Oxycodone
Classif: Opioid Agonist Confusion, Sedation, Dizziness, Respiratory Depression, CONSTIPATION, urinary retention |
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Codeine Sulfate
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Classification: Analgesic
Route: PO Dose: 15mg, 30mg, 60mg Freq/Time: Q3-6HRS |
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Action of Codeine
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Mild to moderate pain
Allergies, cold and cough remedies |
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Adverse Side Effects of Codeine
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Classif: Opioid Analgesic
Confusion sedation, hypotension, constipation, urinary retention, vomiting, nausea, blurred vision, respiratory depression, urinary retention, |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects of Codeine Sulfate
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Assess BP, P, R
Assess bowel function Assess Pain Assess for respiratory depression Opioid Analgesic CNS Depression Mild-moderate patin Allergies, colds, cough remedies Decrease Cough and GI motility |
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Action of Toradol
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Generic: Ketorolac
Classif: Nonopioid Analgesic Non-opioids analgesic Antipyretic Antiemetic |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects of Toradol
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Generic: Ketorolac
Classif: NSAID, nonopioid analgesic Short term pain management **DO NOT EXCEED 5 DAYS!** Pain Relief, anti-inflammatory Side Effects: Drowsiness, asthma, dyspnea, GI bleed, oligura |
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Ibuprofren
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Classification: Antipyretics, nonopioid analgesic, NSAID
Trade Name: Motrin, Advil Route: PO Dose: 200-400 mg Time/Freq: Q4-6HR |
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Action of Motrin
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Generic: Ibuprofin
Classif: NSAID Decreased pain and inflammation. Reduction of fever. Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications, Major Side Effects of Motrin
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Patients with asthma, nasal polyps are at increased risk for developing hypersensitivity reactions
Assess for rhinitis, asthma, urticaria Assess for GI bleeding Assess pain Monitor temperature |
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Adverse Effects of Motrin
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Trade: Ibuprofin
Classif: NSAID GI Bleeding, Exfoliative Dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Headache, constipation, dyspepsia Nausea, vomiting, anaphylaxis |
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Antiarrhythmics
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Generic: Phenytoin
Trade Name: Dilantin Route: IV, PO Dose: 200-1200 mg/day Freq/Time: 1-4 times/day |
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Action of Dilantin
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Generic: Phenytoin
Classif: Antiarrhythmic/anticonvulsant Diminished seizure activity. Termination of ventricular arrhythmias. Limits seizure propagation by altering ion transport. May also decrease synaptic transmission. Antiarrhythmic properties and decreasing autonomicity. |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications of Dilantin
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Generic: Phenytoin
Classif: Antiarrhythmic/anticonvulsants Assess oral hygiene Assess patient for phenytoin hypersensitivity syndrome (fever, skin rash, lymphadenopathy) Assess seizures - location, duration, freq Monitor BP, ECG, R Monitor ECG continuously No driving Females use another form of contraceptive |
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Adverse Side Effects of Dilantin
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Generic: Phenytoin
Classif: Antiarrhythmic/anticonvulsants Drowsiness, ataxia, diplopia, nystagmus, hypotension, gingival hyperplasia, hypertrichosis, rash Agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia Steven-johnson syndrome constipation, vomiting |
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Hydromorphone
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Trade Name: Dilaudid, Hydrostat
Classification: opioid agonists Route: PO, IM, IV, SQ Dose: 4-8mg Freq/Time: Q3-4 |
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Action of Hydromorphone
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Trade: Dilaudid
Classif: Antitussives Opioid Anaglesic, opioid agonist Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Alters the perception of and response to painful stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression. Suppresses cough reflex Decrease in moderate to severe pain. Suppression of Cough. |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications of Hydromorphone
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Trade: Dilaudid
Classif: Antitussives/opioid analgesic Assess BP, P, R Assess bowel function Assess Pain Additional bolus given Q15-30 Min Assess cough & loung sounds Advice patient not to drive Advice to change positions slowly Advice not using alcohol Encourage to turn, cough, and breathe deeply Q2Hrs |
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Adverse Reactions of Hydromorphone
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Confusion, sedation, dizziness, hallucinations
Blurred vision Respiratory Depression Hypotension, constipation, nausea, vomiting Trade: Dilaudid Classif: Antitussives, opioid analgesic, opioid agonist Action: CNS depression, suppression of cough, pain |
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Diazepam
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Trade Name: Valium
Classif: Benzodiazepines Route: PO Dose: 2-10mg Freq/Time: BID, reg & sustained release |
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Action of Diazepam
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Trade: Valium
Classif: Benzodiazepines Anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, seizure disorder, sedation, muscle spasm. Depress the CNS. |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications of Diazepam
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Trade:Valium
Classif: Benzodiazepines Controlled substance, contra in liver dysfunction, hypersensitvity to benzos, glaucoma Resp Depression, neutropenia, dizziness, drowsiness, orthostatic hypertension Toxicity increase with barbituates, SSRI's, CNS depressants and Depakote Monitor BP, CBC, Give with food Lower dose for oriental patients |
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Alphrazolam
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Trade Name: Xanax
Classification: Short Acting Benzodiazepines Route: PO Dose: 0.25-4mg/Day General Dose: 1-10mg for Panic Freq/Time: 0.25-2mg TID Do not exceed 6mg/Day |
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Action of Alphrazolam
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Trade: Xanax
Classif: Benzodiazepines Anxiolytic (Anti-anxiety) Adjunctive for depression Short Acting |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications of Alprazolam
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Trade: Xanax
Classif: Benzodiazepines Action: Anxiolytic (Antianxiety)/Depression Controlled substance; Dose geriatrics lower. Dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, headache Tremors, EKG changes, blurred vision Orthostatic hypotension Increased drug level with grapefruit juice Many interaction inc herbal Addictive* |
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Buspirone
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Trade Name: Buspar
Classification: Miscellaneous/Non addicting Dose: 15-60mg/D Freq/Time: 5-20mg TID scheduled |
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Action of Buspirone
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Trade: Buspar
Classif: Misc/Non addicting **Does not depress the CNS Action is unknown but thought to be an interplay between serotonin Works on neurotransmitters and dopamine |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications of Buspar
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Trade: Buspirone
Classif: Non addicting/Misc Anti-anxiety Lacks the sedative and dependency quality of benzo class. Risk of serotonin syndrome if used with an antidepressant; Requires a washout of approx 2 weeks Dizziness, headache, depression, nausea, tachycardia, palpitation, increased BP Not addictive With MAOI's, BP checks |
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Hydroxyzine
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Trade Name: Vistaril
Classification: Antihistamines Route: PO Dose: 50-40mg/Day Freq/Time: 500-100QID for Adult |
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Action of Hydroxyzine
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Trade Name: Vistaril
Calming effect, sedation, pro-op anxiety Depress the CNS |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications of Vistaril
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Generic Name: Hydroxyzine
Classif: Antihistamine/Anticholinergic (Secretions) sedation Caution when driving due to drowsiness Caution in elders, hepatic dysfunction; rapid onset Many interactions; Assess blood pressure lying and standing Z Track if IM Anticholinergic - Has drying tendencies Patient needs water or gum - lots of fluids Watch bowel movements |
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Zolpidem
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Trade Name: Ambien
Classification: Nonbenzodiazepine Dose: 5-10mg at HS |
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Action of Ambien
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Generic Name: Zolpidem
Classif: Nonbenzodiazepine Treat insomnia Short term treatment of insomnia |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications of Zolpidem
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Trade Name: Ambien, Sonota, Lunesta
Dizziness, residual sedation, lethargy, halucinations Enter a fuge state |
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Lorazepam
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Trade Name: Ativan
Classification: benzodiazepine, anesthetic, antianxiety, sedative Route: PO Dose: 2-6mg divided daily |
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Action of Ativan
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Generic: Lorazepam
Anxiety, acts within 15-45min Pre-op sedation Depresses the CNS Decreased seizures |
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Purpose, Nursing Implications of Lorazepam
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Trade: Ativan
Classif: Benzodiazepines, antianxiety, sedative, anesthetic Dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy, headache, ataxia Confusion, apnea, cardiac arrest Conduct regular assessment of continued for treatment Check for CNS depression |
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Clonazepam
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Trade Name: Klonopin
Classif: Anticonvulsants/benzodiazepines Route: PO Dose: 1.5-4mg/Day |
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Action of Clorazepam
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Trade: Klonopin
Classif: Anticonvulsant/Benzodiazepines Prevention of seizures Helps with Panic Disorder |
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Purpose, Nursing implications of Klonopin
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Trade:Clorazepam
Classif: Anticonvulsants/benzodiazepines Observe and record seizures Assess for drowsiness, unsteadiness Behavioral changes, drowsiness, ataxia, fatigue, palpitations |
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Benzodiazepines Purpose, Nursing Implications
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Treat anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal, convulsive disorders and preop sedation
Caution in elders or uine infections, those prone to addictions, alcoholism, depressed or suicidal Drowsiness, sedation, blurred vision, Nausea, Vomiting, constipation, rash |
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Romazicon
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Reversal for Versed
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Narcan
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Narcan is the reversal drug for Fentanyl
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