Medications

Front 1

Diuretics affect

Back 1

the body by ridding it of fluid.

Front 2

Diuretics also affect

Back 2

electrolytes within the body (especially potassium-K+).

Front 3

Diuretics action is enhanced by

Back 3

the selective excretion of various electrolytes and water by affecting renal mechanisms for tubular secretion and reabsorption

Front 4

What are the classes of diuretics

Back 4

Thiazide and Thiazide-like diuretics (HCTZ)
Loop diuretics (Lasix)
Osmotic diuretics (Mannitol)
Potassium-sparing (Aldactone)
**The medications listed are not the only drugs within the class.

Front 5

Cardiac Glycosides action

Back 5

Increases the force of myocardial contraction.

Front 6

Cardiac Glycosides Therapeutic effect

Back 6

Increase cardiac output (positive inotropic effect) and slowing of the heart rate (negative chronotropic effect).

Front 7

Cardiac Glycosides point of Interest

Back 7

Must check apical heart rate before administration for one full minute! Hold for HR<60bpm. Lab value range: 0.5-2.0ng/dL

Front 8

Cardiac Glycosides Additional Information

Back 8

Monitor patient's potassium level (especially if taking a diuretic). Digoxin toxicity is potentiated in the presence of hypokalemia and its effects are antagonized in the presence of hyperkalemia.

Front 9

Lasix (furosemide) Class

Back 9

loop diuretic

Front 10

Lasix (furosemide) Mechanism of action

Back 10

Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule. Increases renal excretion of sodium, chloride, magnesium, hydrogen, and calcium. May have renal and peripheral vasodilatory effects.

Front 11

Lasix (furosemide) Nursing implications

Back 11

Assess fluid status (i/o, daily weight, edema, lung sounds, skin turgor). Monitor blood pressure and pulse.
MONITOR K+ levels (may decrease levels) and monitor BUN, creatinine, glucose, and uric acid levels (may increase these).

Front 12

Lasix (furosemide) side effects

Back 12

Dehydration, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, dizziness, hypotension, constipation, muscle cramps.

K+ level
3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Front 13

Digoxin (Lanoxin, Digitalis, Digitek) class

Back 13

Cardiac glycoside

Front 14

Digoxin (Lanoxin, Digitalis, Digitek) mechanism of action

Back 14

Increases the force of myocardial contraction. Prolongs the refractory period of the AV node. Decreases conduction through the SA and AV node.

Front 15

Digoxin (Lanoxin, Digitalis, Digitek) Nursing implication(s)

Back 15

MUST OBTAIN APICAL HEARTRATE FOR ONE FULL MINUTE BEFORE ADMINISTRATION. HOLD FOR HR<60bpm.
Slows heart rate and increases cardiac output.
Monitor electrolytes (potassium, magnesium, and calcium) as hypo states may increase risk of toxicity.

Front 16

Digoxin (Lanoxin, Digitalis, Digitek) side effects

Back 16

Fatigue, headache, weakness, blurred vision, yellow or green vision, bradycardia, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, hyperkalemia with acute toxicity.

Digoxin level
0.5-2 ng/ml

Front 17

KCl
(potassium chloride) class

Back 17

Potassium supplement

Front 18

KCl
(potassium chloride) mechanism of action

Back 18

Maintain acid-base balance, isotonicity, and electrophysiologic balance of rhe cell.

Front 19

KCl
(potassium chloride) nursing implications

Back 19

Administer with meals or after meals to minimize GI irritation, NEVER ADMINISTER POTASSIUM IV PUSH OR BOLUS!!! Assess for hypokalemia, monitor bp, pulse, and ECG during IV therapy. Monitor serum potassium before and during therapy.

Front 20

KCl
(potassium chloride) side effects

Back 20

Abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, vomiting, irritation at IV site, weakness, restlessness, and GI ulceration.