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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acetaminophen (pg 112 in davis's drug guide)
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Tylenol (antipyretic/non-narcotic analgesic)
Therapeutic Effect: Relief of mild-moderate pain,↓ fever Action: Blocks enzyme cyclooxygenase which blocks prostaglandin production and interferes with pain impulses in PNS. Acts on temperature regulating center of the hypothalamus inhibiting synthesis of prostaglandins Common SE: Rash, uticaria, Hepatic failure, Hepotoxicity RN considerations: alcohol use ↑ risk of hepatotoxicity, monitor liver function before and after therapy, kidney function with long term therapy, differences in liquid dosing concentrations |
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ibuprofen (p. 688)
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Motrin (NSAID, antipyretic, non-opioid analgesic, antirheumatic)
Therapeutic Effect: ↓ pain and inflammation, ↓ fever Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis Common SE: HA, constipation, dyspnea, N/V RN Considerations: Assess for the following; rhinitis, asthma, uticaria, skin rash d/t possible severe reaction of Steve Johnson’s syndrome or Toxic epidermal necrolysis, sx of bleeding, renal and liver function |
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Naproxen Sodium (p. 900)
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Aleve (NSAID, non-opioid analgesic, antipyretic)
Therapeutic Effect: ↓ fever, pain, and suppress inflammation Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis Common SE: dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, HA, constipation, dyspnea RN Considerations: Assess for rhinitis, asthma, uticaria d/t ↑ risk for hypersensitivity, sx of bleeding, renal and liver function |
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celecoxib (p. 290)
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Celebrex (antirheumatic, NSAID, Cox-2 inhibitor, analgesic)
Therapeutic Effect: ↓ pain and inflammation caused by arthritis, ↓ # of colorectal polyps, ↓ pain Action: Inhibit enzyme Cox -2 which is required for prostaglandin synthesis Common SE: (in dug guide none listed as common) can cause dizziness, HA, insomnia, edema, nausea, ABD pain, diarrhea, dyspepsia, flatulence RN Considerations: Assess; joints before therapy, rash, liver function DO NOT GIVE if allergies to sulfonamides, NSAIDS or ASA, |
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codeine (p. 351)
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Paveral (allergy, cold, cough remedies, anti-tussive, opioid analgesic)
Therapeutic Effect:↓ severity of pain, suppress cough reflex, relief of diarrhea Action: Binds to opioid receptors in CNS, alters perception & response to painful stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression Common SE: Confusion, sedation, hypotension, constipation, nausea RN Considerations: Assess; pain, VS focused on resp d/t depression, bowel function, dependence/tolerance, cough, labs (↑ amylase/lipase) |
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oxycodone (p. 966)
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Oxycontin (opioid analgesic)
Therapeutic Effect: ↓ pain Action: Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, alters perception & response to painful stimuli while producing general CNS depression Common SE: Confusion, sedation, constipation, respiratory depression RN Considerations: Breakthrough pain, VS (focus on resp d/t depression), physical & psychological dependence, bowel function, liver enzymes (↑ amylase/lipase) |
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hydrocodone (p. 675)
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Hycodan (allergy, cold, anti-tussive, opioid analgesic)
Therapeutic Effect: ↓ severity of moderate pain, suppress cough reflex Action: Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, alters perception & response to painful stimuli while producing general CNS depression Common SE: Confusion, sedation, constipation, respiratory depression, dizziness, hypotension, dyspepsia, nausea RN Considerations: Assess VS, bowel function, pain before and after, dependence/tolerance, cough, liver enzymes (↑ amylase/lipase) extreme caution when used with MAOIs |
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morphine sulfate (p. 880)
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ms Contin (opioid analgesic)
Therapeutic Effect: ↓ severity of pain Action: Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, alters perception & response to painful stimuli while producing general CNS depression Common SE: Confusion, sedation, constipation, respiratory depression, hypotension RN Considerations: Assess VS, bowel function, pain before and after, dependence/tolerance, liver enzymes (↑ amylase/lipase) extreme caution when used with MAOIs |
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meperidine (p. 820)
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Demerol (opioid analgesic)
Therapeutic Effect: ↓ severity of pain Action: Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, alters perception & response to painful stimuli while producing general CNS depression Common SE: Confusion, sedation, constipation, respiratory depression, hypotension, N/V RN Considerations: Assess VS, bowel function, pain before and after, dependence/tolerance, chronic pain – may need ↑ dose, closely monitor peds/elderly population, liver enzymes (↑ amylase/lipase) DO NOT USE with MAOIs |
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methadone (p. 831)
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Methadose (opioid analgesic)
Therapeutic Effect: ↓ severity of pain, suppression of withdrawal sx during detox and maintenance from heroin/opioids Action: Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, alters perception & response to painful stimuli while producing general CNS depression Common SE: Confusion, sedation, constipation, hypotension RN Considerations: Assess VS, bowel function, pain before and after, dependence/tolerance, additional opioid use in pts on maintenance, opioid detox s/s, heart dz, liver enzymes (↑ amylase/lipase) Extreme caution with MAOIs |
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hydromorphone (p. 677)
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Dilaudid (allergy, cold, anti-tussive opioid analgesic)
Therapeutic Effect: ↓ in moderate to severe pain, suppression of cough Action: Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, alters perception & response to painful stimuli while producing general CNS depression, suppress cough reflex via direct central action Common SE: Confusion, sedation, constipation, hypotension RN Considerations: Assess VS, bowel function, pain before and after, breakthrough pain, dependence/tolerance, cough, extreme caution with MAOIs |
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fentanyl (p. 570)
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Deragesic (brand name for transdermal route – opioid analgesic, anesthetic adjuvant)
Therapeutic Effect: ↓ severity of chronic pain Action: Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, alters perception & response to painful stimuli while producing general CNS depression Common SE: Confusion, sedation, constipation, anorexia, N/V, diaphoresis, dry mouth RN Considerations: Assess VS, bowel function, pain before and after, dependence/tolerance, liver enzymes (↑ amylase/lipase), extreme caution with MAOIs |
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naloxone (p. 898)
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Narcan (antidote for opioids)
Therapeutic Effect: reversal of sx of opioid excess Action: competitively binds to opiate receptors blocking effects of opioids including CNS & resp depression without producing any agonist opioid effects Common SE: None listed RN Considerations: Assess; VS, ECG, every 4 hrs, pain, opioid withdrawal sx, lack of significant improvement indicates dz process |
