Medical Vocab: Lesson 10

Front 1

AMYL-

Back 1

combining form

starch

amyl-ase

Front 2

ANGIN-

Back 2

combining form

choking pain, angina pectoris

angin-a

Front 3

AORT-

Back 3

combining form

aorta

aort-o-scler-osis

Front 4

ARCT(AT)-

Back 4

combining form

compress

aort-arct-ia

Front 5

ATHER-

Back 5

combining form

[soup] fatty deposit

ather-oma

Front 6

ATRI-

Back 6

combining form

[entrance hall] atrium

atri-o-tom-e

Front 7

BOL-

Back 7

combining form

a throwing

em-bol-us

Front 8

CAPILL

Back 8

combining form

[hair] capillary

capill-ar-y

Front 9

CIRS-

Back 9

combining form

dilated and twisted vein, varix

cirs-omphal-os

Front 10

-CLUD-, -CLUS-

Back 10

combining form

close

oc-clus-ion

Front 11

COR, CORD-

Back 11

combining form

heart

cord-ate

Front 12

CORON-

Back 12

combining form

crown

coron-al

Front 13

CUSP-, -CUSPID

Back 13

combining form

point

bi-cuspid

Front 14

DEXTR-

Back 14

combining form

right (side)

ambi-dextr-ous

Front 15

-FORM

Back 15

combining form

shape

coli-form

Front 16

GURGIT-, GURGITAT-

Back 16

combining form

flood, flow

re-gurgit-ant

Front 17

PECTOR-

Back 17

combining form

breast, chest

pector-al

Front 18

PHLEB-

Back 18

combining form

vein

phleb-o-tomy

Front 19

PULM(ON)

Back 19

combining form

lung, pulmonary artery

pulmon-itis

Front 20

RHYTHM-

Back 20

combining form

[steady motion] heartbeat

ar-rhythm-ic

Front 21

SEPT-

Back 21

combining form

wall, partition

sept-um

Front 22

SIN-, SINUS-

Back 22

combining form

[curve, hollow] sinus

sinus-itis

Front 23

SINISTR-

Back 23

combining form

left (side)

sinistr-o-cerebr-al

Front 24

SPHYGM-

Back 24

combining form

pulse

sphygm-oid

Front 25

STAL-, STOL-

Back 25

combining form

send, contraction

sy-stol-ic

Front 26

TENS(I)

Back 26

combining form

stretch

hyper-tens-ive

Front 27

THROMB-

Back 27

combining form

blood clot

thromb-osis

Front 28

TOP-

Back 28

combining form

place

Front 29

VAG-

Back 29

combining form

[wandering] the vagus nerve

vas-o-vag-al

Front 30

VARIC-, VARIX

Back 30

combining form

dilated and twisted vein, varix

varic-es

Front 31

VAS-

Back 31

combining form

(blood) vessel; vas deferens

vas-ectomy

Front 32

VEN-

Back 32

combining form

vein

ven-o-stat

Front 33

VENTR-

Back 33

combining form

belly, abdomen, abdominal cavity

ventr-ose

Front 34

Who is Ptolemy I ?

Back 34

he established the great institutions of learning in Alexandria, the Museum and the Library.

Front 35

Galen -

Back 35

a physician who studied at the medical school founded by Ptolemy after he had studied at the Asclepium. HIs theory of the movement of the blood in the human body influenced and even ruled medical thinking up to the 17th century, when William Harvey discovered that blood circulates.

Front 36

Asclepium -

Back 36

the famed medical school in his native city of Pergamum in Asia Mnor.

Front 37

Galen's thought on blood circulation -

Back 37

he believed that some of the blood that was carried by the veins to the right ventricle of the heart, instead of flowing back through the veins to the liver, passed through the septum into the left vetricle by means of small passages between the right and left heart.

Front 38

Who was Servetus ?

Back 38

he challenged Galens theory on blood circulation, wrote a work on physiology, where he regarded the presence of a certain natural spirit that entered the blood in the liver. He also maintaind that the blood did not pass throught he septum from the right to the left ventricle but rather that it passed from the right bentricle to the lungs, where it was purified by inspired air and then, lighter in color, was conveyed to the left bentricle. He was found guilty of heresy and burned at the stake and his book was burned with him. Copies survived and those theories influenced later scientists.

Front 39

Who is William Harvey ?

Back 39

he wrote a great work called "An Anatomical Treatise on the Motion of the Heart and Blood"

Front 40

The aoritic valve prevents the blood from flowing back into the ventricle which is called -

Back 40

aortic regurgitation

Front 41

The arterial network flows blood in which direction?

Back 41

AWAY from the heart.

Front 42

Coronary arteries supplly blood to the -

Back 42

muscles of the heart

Front 43

Myocardial infarction (MI) is

Back 43

the loss of living heart muscle as a result of a coronary artery occlusion.

Front 44

FYI -

Back 44

read about the Circulation of Blood

Front 45

Who is Apollo ?

Back 45

A Greek god who had the ability to heal the sick as well as to bring down destruction and death

Front 46

Who was Asclepius ?

Back 46

He was Apollo's son and a great physician who received his medical education from the famed centaur Chiron, and became so skilled that not only was he able to heal the sick, he also acquired the ability to bring the dead back to life.

Front 47

How did the symbol of the AMA come into being ?

Back 47

Asclepius was pondering how to restore Glaucus, son of King Minos of Crete back to life when a snake wrapped around his staff. He struck the creature and killed it. Later, a second snake came along carryinga leaf in its jaws and placed it upon the head of the dead snake. The serpent came to life, and Asclepius used the same medicament to restore Glaucus. So this same symbol now represents the AMA.

Front 48

Systole and diastole are fromt he Greek verb stellein send). Define each;

Back 48

systole - the period of contraction of the heart when the blood is sent through the aorta and the pulmonary artery

diastole - the period of expansion when the heart dilates and the atria and ventricles fill with blood fromt he venae cavae and the pulmonary vein.

Front 49

Sphygmomanometer Greek manos, occurring at intervals) -

Back 49

the instrument used for measuring the systolic and diastolic pressure of blood in circulation.

Front 50

Mitral valve -

Back 50

lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle and allows passage of blood from the atrium into the ventricle.

Front 51

Mitral regurgitation -

Back 51

a defect of the mitral valve causing backflowing of the blood. (Mitral valve is aka the bicuspid balve because of its two cusps)

Front 52

FYI

Back 52

The modern medical term mitral comes directly from the word miter or mitre, a tall, cleft, pointed hat worn by bishops of the Western church. The word valve comes from teh Latin valvae, a plural word meaning a particular kind of door that folded within itself.

Front 53

Facies mitralis -

Back 53

the facila appearance of a person afflicted with mitral malfunction: distended capillaries and cyanosis.

Front 54

aneurysm (Greek ana-, up, eurys, wide, -m(a), noun--forming suffix) 0-

Back 54

the local distention of the wall of a blood vessel

Front 55

apoplexy -

Back 55

stroke, caused by intracerebral hemorrhage often resulting form an aneurysm

Front 56

ballistics -

Back 56

the science of projectiles - from the form BOL- from the noun bole (a throwing).

Front 57

embolism -

Back 57

the blockage of a blood vessel by any mass of nondissolved matter, a blood clot, or an air bubble

Front 58

metabolism -

Back 58

the sum of the processes of anabolism.

Front 59

anabolism -

Back 59

the process by which the blood supplies the material for growth and repair of tissues.

Front 60

catabolism -

Back 60

the process b y which complex compounds are reduced to simpler ones, usually accompanied by the release of energy.