Medical Vocab 1-4

Front 1

DIAGNOSIS

Back 1

The physician's conclusions as to what is wrong with the patient.

Front 2

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

Back 2

2 or more diagnoses are given which may equally be correct. 1 disease will be ruled out with further testing.

Front 3

PROGNOSIS

Back 3

Prediction of the probable course and outcome of the patient's condition.

Front 4

Sign

Back 4

Evidence of a disease that can be observed by the patient and others.

Front 5

SYMPTOM

Back 5

discomfort or problems felt or observed

Front 6

SYNDROME

Back 6

set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific condition or disease

Front 7

ACUTE

Back 7

Rapid onset

Front 8

CHRONIC

Back 8

Slower onset

Front 9

SUBACUTE

Back 9

Slower onset, less sever symptoms, very long duration (sometimes lifelong). Chronic disease sufferers usually alternate between symptomatic periods (exacerbations) and asymptomatic periods (remissions).

Front 10

REMISSION

Back 10

The partial or complete disappearance of symptoms of a chronic disease

Front 11

ENDEMIC

Back 11

The ongoing presence within a population.

Front 12

EPIDEMIC

Back 12

a sudden widespread outbreak of disease within a population.

Front 13

PANDEMIC

Back 13

A disease occurring over an extremely large geographic area, possibly worldwide.

Front 14

EPONYM

Back 14

derived from the name of the person who first discovered, invented, or researched it.

Front 15

ACRONYM

Back 15

A word formed from the initial letters of the major parts of a compound term. (LASER)

Front 16

COMPENSATED

Back 16

Corrected

Front 17

UNCOMPENSATED

Back 17

Uncorrected

Front 18

COMPLIANCE

Back 18

Following the physician's directions

Front 19

COMPROMISE

Back 19

impairment or damage to a normal structure or function

Front 20

DOCUMENTED

Back 20

proved by objective diagnostic tests or examinations.

Front 21

EPISODE

Back 21

an attack or incident of illness

Front 22

FOLLOW UP

Back 22

to provide continuing supervision or care of a patient's medical condition

Front 23

INTACT

Back 23

unaffected by disease or injury

Front 24

IN EXTREMIS

Back 24

At the point of death. Synonym is moribund

Front 25

PRESENT

Back 25

To present oneself or a set of symptoms to a physician or health care facility for treatment.

Front 26

SEQUELA (E)

Back 26

a persistent effect of an illness or injury

Front 27

SILENT

Back 27

without symptoms or signs (asymptomatic)

Front 28

STATUS POST

Back 28

the condition or fact of having sustained an injury or illness or surgical procedure

Front 29

TAPER

Back 29

To gradually reduce the dosage of a medication (wean)

Front 30

WORK UP

Back 30

To perform a thorough diagnostic evaluation

Front 31

MICROORGANISM

Back 31

a living organism so small that it can be seen only with the aid of a microscope

Front 32

PATHOGEN

Back 32

A disease-causing organism

Front 33

BACTERIA

Back 33

a large group of microscopic organisms which can cause disease in humans

Front 34

STAPHYLOCOCCI

Back 34

Irregular clusters: cause pneumonia and many skin infections

Front 35

STREPTOCOCCI

Back 35

Chain-like: cause strep throat

Front 36

BACILLI

Back 36

Rod-shaped: Cause tetanus and tuberculosis

Front 37

SPRIOCHETES

Back 37

Spiral-shaped: Lyme disease

Front 38

RICKETTSIAE

Back 38

small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites.

Front 39

FUNGI

Back 39

A fungus is a simple parasitic plant

Front 40

TINEA

Back 40

invasion of the skin by a fungus

Front 41

YEAST

Back 41

a type of fungus

Front 42

PARASITES

Back 42

plant or animal that lives on or inside of another living organism at the expense of that organism.

Front 43

VIRUSES

Back 43

small pathogens that grow by invading living cells where they reproduce themselves.

Front 44

INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Back 44

One that is caused by a pathogenic organism

Front 45

COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

Back 45

one that contagious or capable of being transmitted from one person to another

Front 46

IATROGENIC ILLNESS

Back 46

one that is caused by a physician's medical or surgical treatment.

Front 47

NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION

Back 47

a hospital-acquired infection that was not present on admission

Front 48

IDIOPATHIC DISORDER

Back 48

An illness without a known cause

Front 49

ORGANIC DISORDER

Back 49

Means that there are anatomic or physiologic changes in some tissue or organ to explain the patient's symptoms.

Front 50

FUNCTIONAL DISORDER

Back 50

Means that there are no detectable anatomic or physiologic changes to explain the patient's symptoms

Front 51

BUCCINATOR

Back 51

located in the fleshy part of the cheek. Controls movements such as smiling or puffing out of the cheeks.

Front 52

TEMPORAL

Back 52

Located above and near the ear. Controls the opening and closing of the mouth by raising and lowering the mandible.

Front 53

MASSETER

Back 53

Located at the angle of the jaw. Used in raising and lowering the mandible (biting, chewing, and speaking)

Front 54

STERNOMASTOID

Back 54

AKA Sternocleidomastoid: Extends from the sternum upward along the side of the neck to the mastoid process (bulge in the temporal bone behind and below the ear). Turns the head from side to side and flexes the neck.

Front 55

TRAPEZUIS

Back 55

Triangular-shape muscle. Controls shoulder movements such as raising and lowering the shoulders.

Front 56

LATISSIMUS DORSI

Back 56

Attaches to the vertebrae of the lower back. Controls the forward and backward extension of the arms, as in swimming. Forms the posterior border of the axilla (armpit).

Front 57

PECTORALIS MAJOR

Back 57

Across the upper front chest. Forms the anterior border of the axilla. Controls the adduction of the arms.

Front 58

DELTOID

Back 58

Lies across the shoulder joint. Controls the abduction of the arms. Main muscle used for IM injections.

Front 59

BICEPS BRANCHII

Back 59

Attached to the scapula and the radius. Controls flexing of the lower arm and supination of the hand.

Front 60

TRICEPS BRANCHII

Back 60

Attached to the scapula, humerus, and ulna. controls the extension of the elbow.

Front 61

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

Back 61

Fleshy part of the butt. Gives support to the body when standing, and it cushions the pelvic girdle when sitting. Controls extension of the thigh and also rotating or turning the thigh outward.

Front 62

GLUTEUS MEDIUS

Back 62

Smaller than the gluteus maximus. Controls the abduction of the thigh and is used as an IM injection site.

Front 63

QUADRICEPS FEMORIS

Back 63

Group of 4 muscles. Controls the extension of the thigh (as in kicking a football).

Front 64

RECTUS FEMORIS

Back 64

Covers the center of the anterior thigh. Used as an IM injection site.

Front 65

VASTUS MEDIALIS

Back 65

Located on the inner side of the femur

Front 66

VASTUS LATERALIS

Back 66

Located on the outer side of the femur. Used as an IM injection site.

Front 67

VASTUS INTERMEDIUS

Back 67

Located deep within the center of the thigh underneath the rectus femoris.

Front 68

HAMSTRING MUSCLES

Back 68

Bicep femoris

semimembranosus

semitendinosus

This group controls flexing the lower leg up to the thigh (as in kneeling down). They also help extend the thigh

Front 69

GASTROCNEMIUS

Back 69

Main muscle of the calf. It controls standing on tiptoe (plantar flexion of the foot).

Front 70

TIBIALIS ANTERIOR

Back 70

covers front of the lower leg (shin area). Controls turning the foot inward and also dorsiflexing the foot (bending the toes up toward the shin).

Front 71

ABDUCTION

Back 71

Movement away from the midline of the body

Front 72

ADDUCTION

Back 72

movement toward the midline of the body

Front 73

FLEXION

Back 73

Bending any join or body part that is capable of bending.

Front 74

EXTENSION

Back 74

straightening out or stretching out a joint or body part.

Front 75

ROTATION

Back 75

rotating a limb within a joint space; turning a body part on its central axis.

Front 76

CIRCUMDUCTION

Back 76

moving a limb in a circular pattern (such as swinging your arm in a big circle)

Front 77

SUPINATION

Back 77

turning the palm of the hand upward (holding soup)

Front 78

PRONATION

Back 78

turning the palm of the hand downward

Front 79

INVERSION

Back 79

turning body parts inwards toward each other (such as turning your feet inward so that your toes point toward each other).

Front 80

EVERSION

Back 80

turning body parts outward away from each other (such as turning your feet outward so you walk like a duck).

Front 81

PLANTAR FLEXION

Back 81

Pointing the toes of the foot downward (this flexes the ankle).

Front 82

DORSIFLEXION

Back 82

Pointing the toes of the foot upward toward the shin (extends the ankle).