Medical Terms

Front 1

Comminuted Fracture

Back 1

bone crushed into several small pieces

Front 2

xiph/o-

Back 2

sword

Front 3

-eal

Back 3

pertaining to

Front 4

-verse

Back 4

to travel; to turn

Front 5

nucleus pulposus

Back 5

the nucleus is the central part of an intervertebral disk and pulposus refers to the pulpy consistency of the contents

Front 6

glen/o-

Back 6

socket of a joint

Front 7

meta-

Back 7

after; subsequent to; transition; change

Front 8

sym-

Back 8

together; with

Front 9

-physis

Back 9

state of growing

Front 10

-ation

Back 10

process; being or having

Front 11

epiphys/o-

Back 11

enlarged area at the end of a long bone

Front 12

cortic/o-

Back 12

cortex (outer region of bone)

Front 13

cancel/o-

Back 13

lattice structure

Front 14

ossificat/o-

Back 14

changing into bone

Front 15

spondyl/o-

Back 15

vertebra

Front 16

dactyl/o-

Back 16

finger or toe

Front 17

perone/o-

Back 17

fibula

Front 18

-ion

Back 18

action; condition

Front 19

-ous

Back 19

pertaining to

Front 20

a-

Back 20

away from, without

Front 21

-osis

Back 21

condition; abnormal condition; process

Front 22

avascular necrosis

Back 22

death of cells in the epiphysis; caused by injury that damages nearby blood vessels and interrupts blood supply to bone

Front 23

sarc/o-

Back 23

connective tissue

Front 24

gen/o-

Back 24

arising from; produced by

Front 25

osteoma

Back 25

benign tumor of the bone

Front 26

osteosarcoma

Back 26

malignant bone tumor

Front 27

osteogenic sarcoma

Back 27

osteoblasts multiply uncontrollably; malignant bone tumor

Front 28

Ewing's sarcoma

Back 28

malignant tumor that occurs mainly in young men

Front 29

chondroma

Back 29

benign tumor of the cartilage

Front 30

malac/o-

Back 30

softening

Front 31

-ia

Back 31

condition; state; thing

Front 32

chondromalacia patellae

Back 32

abnormal softening of the patella because of thinning and uneven wear; thigh muscle pulls patella in a crooked path that wears away the underside of the bone

Front 33

axi/o-

Back 33

axis

Front 34

appendicul/o-

Back 34

limb; small attached part

Front 35

pariet/o-

Back 35

wall of a cavity

Front 36

styl/o-

Back 36

stake

Front 37

-oid

Back 37

resembling

Front 38

sphen/o-

Back 38

wedge shape

Front 39

ethm/o-

Back 39

sieve

Front 40

hy/o-

Back 40

U-shaped structure

Front 41

fract/o-

Back 41

break up

Front 42

-ure

Back 42

system; result of

Front 43

-ment

Back 43

action; state

Front 44

align/o-

Back 44

arranged in a straight line

Front 45

comminut/o-

Back 45

break into small peices

Front 46

Colles' fracture

Back 46

distal radius is broken by falling onto an outstretched hand

Front 47

uric acid

Back 47

blood tests that has elevated level in patient with gout

Front 48

arthrography

Back 48

procedure that uses a radiopaque contrast that is injected into a joint - it coats and outlines the bone ends and joint capsule

Front 49

sorb/o-

Back 49

to suck up

Front 50

depressed fracture

Back 50

cranium is fractured inward toward the brain

Front 51

Greenstick fracture

Back 51

bone is broken only on one side; occurs in children because the bone is still flexible cartilage

Front 52

hairline fracture

Back 52

very thin fracture line with the bone pieces still together

Front 53

oblique fracture

Back 53

bone is broken on an oblique angle

Front 54

spiral fracture

Back 54

bone is broken in a spiral because of twisting force

Front 55

transverse fracture

Back 55

bone is broken in a transverse plan perpendicular to it's long axis

Front 56

osteomalacia

Back 56

abnormal softening of the bones due to vitamin D deficiency in diet or inadequate exposure to the sun

Front 57

osteomyelitis

Back 57

infection in the bone and the bone marrow

Front 58

ankyl/o-

Back 58

fused together; stiff

Front 59

x-ray

Back 59

procedure that uses x-rays to diagnosis bony abnormalities in any part of the body

Front 60

closed reduction

Back 60

procedure in which manual manipulation of a displaced fracture is performed so the bone ends go back into normal alignment without the need for surgery and a cast is applied

Front 61

ESWT

Back 61

extracorporeal shock wave therapy

procedure in which sound waves produced outside the body are used to break up bone spurs and treat other minor but painful problems of the foot

Front 62

goni/o-

Back 62

angle

Front 63

scoli/o-

Back 63

curved; crooked

Front 64

orth/o-

Back 64

straight

Front 65

-olithesis

Back 65

abnormal condition with slipping

Front 66

spondylolisthesis

Back 66

degenerative condition of the spine in which one vertebrae moves anteriorly and slips out of proper alignment due to degeneration of the intervertebral disk

Front 67

alg/o-

Back 67

pain

Front 68

arthralgia

Back 68

pain in the joint from injury, inflammation or infection from various causes

Front 69

dis-

Back 69

away from

Front 70

dislocation

Back 70

displacement of the end of a bone from its normal position within a joint

Front 71

gout

Back 71

metabolic disorder that occurs usually in men; high level of uric acid; causes pain when uric acid moves from blood to soft tissue and forms crystals known as tophi

Front 72

Lyme disease

Back 72

arthritis caused by a bacterium in the bite of an infected deer tick

Front 73

phyte-

Back 73

growth

Front 74

gener/o-

Back 74

production; creation

Front 75

orthosis

Back 75

orthopedic device such as a brace, splint or collar that is used to immobilize a body part and keep it straight or correct an orthopedic problem

Front 76

physic/o-

Back 76

body

Front 77

traction

Back 77

procedure that uses a weight to pull the bone ends of a fracture into correct alignment

Front 78

-centesis

Back 78

procedure to puncture

Front 79

arthrocentesis

Back 79

procedure to remove an accumulation of fluid from an injured joint by using a needle inserted into the joint space (also done to inject a drug to control pain and inflammation)

Front 80

rheumatoid arthritis

Back 80

acute and chronic inflammatory disease of connective tissue particularly the joints (autoimmune - antibodies attack cartilage and connective tissue)

Front 81

arthrodesis

Back 81

procedure to fuse the bones in a degenerated, unstable joint

Front 82

pectus excavatum

Back 82

congenital deformity of the bony thorax in which the sternum, particularly the xiphoid process is bent inward creating a hollow depression in the anterior chest

Front 83

genu valgum

Back 83

knock-kneed

congenital deformity in which the knees are rotated toward the midline and abnormally close together and the lower legs are bent laterally

Front 84

genu varum

Back 84

bow-leg

congenital deformity in which the knees are rotated laterally away from each other and the lower legs are bent toward the midline

Front 85

scop/o-

Back 85

examine with an instrument

Front 86

all/o-

Back 86

other; strange

Front 87

bone graft

Back 87

procedure that uses whole bone or bone chips to repair bone

autograft = bone taken from own body
allograft = cadaver bone

Front 88

-plasty

Back 88

process of reshaping by surgery

Front 89

ORIF

Back 89

open reduction and internal fixation

an incision is made to open the skin and visualize the fracture which is then reduce (realigned) and an internal fixation procedure is done using screws or plates to hold fragments in correct anatomical alignment

Front 90

-tome

Back 90

instrument used to cut; area with distinct edges

Front 91

osteotome

Back 91

used to cut bone

Front 92

rongeur

Back 92

forceps that is used to remove small bone fragments

Front 93

alges/o-

Back 93

sensation of pain

Front 94

-ory

Back 94

having the function of

Front 95

-ization

Back 95

process of making, creating or inserting

Front 96

-graft

Back 96

tissue for implant or transplant

Front 97

compression fracture

Back 97

vertebrae are compressed together when a person falls on the buttocks or a vertebrae collapses in on itself from disease

Front 98

hallux valgus

Back 98

deformity in which the great toe is angled laterally toward the other toes

Front 99

talipes equinovarus

Back 99

clubfoot

congenital deformity in which the foot is pulled downward and toward the midline

Front 100

ankylosing spondylitis

Back 100

chronic inflammation of the vertebrae that leads to fibrosis, fusion and restriction of movement of the spine

Front 101

-desis

Back 101

procedure to fuse together

Front 102

-osing

Back 102

condition of making

Front 103

CXR

Back 103

chest x-ray

Front 104

ERCP

Back 104

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Front 105

fus/o-

Back 105

pouring

Front 106

dia-

Back 106

complete; completely through

Front 107

vent/o-

Back 107

a coming

Front 108

duc/o-

Back 108

bring; move

Front 109

-er

Back 109

person who produces or does; thing that produces

Front 110

-on

Back 110

a substance; structure

Front 111

trac/o-

Back 111

visible path

Front 112

IVC

Back 112

intravenous cholangiography

Front 113

diagnostic imaging

Back 113

includes radiology and nuclear medicine, as well as medical photography, microscopic imaging of pathology tissue specimens, etc.

Front 114

dosimetry

Back 114

process of measuring the amount of radiation exposure as detected by a film badge and measured by a dosimeter

Front 115

enhanced

Back 115

procedure that used contrast to enhance anatomical details

Front 116

flat plate abdomen

Back 116

x-ray beam enters the patient's abdomen and then enters the IR - the patient is lying down flat on the x-ray table with the IR beneath the table

Front 117

gadolinium

Back 117

contrast media used in MRI scans; a metallic element that responds to a magnetic field

Front 118

retrograde pyleography

Back 118

uses a cystoscope and catheter to inject contrast into the ureters

Front 119

radiopaque

Back 119

areas of high density tissue (bone) that do not allow x-rays to pass through and this creates a white area on a radiograph

Front 120

radiolucent

Back 120

areas of low density tissue (air-filled cavity) that allows x-rays to pass through and create a black area on a radiograph

Front 121

radiography

Back 121

uses x-rays and fluro with or without contrast to create an image of the internal structures of the body

Front 122

intravenous cholangiography

Back 122

uses x-rays and contrast injected intravenously to create an image of the gallbladder

Front 123

radiology

Back 123

medical specialty that uses energy (x-rays, magnetic fields, sound waves or electron beam) and technology to create images of internal body structures

Front 124

fluoroscopy

Back 124

uses continuous x-rays to capture the motion of internal organs after the administration of a contrast; the screen acts like a TV monitor to display a series of changing images

Front 125

radiopharmaceutical

Back 125

naturally occurring or man-made radioactive substance that has been processed and measured to be given as a drug in nuclear medicine (tracer)

Front 126

nephropexy

Back 126

procedure to correct a kidney that is abnormally low by suturing it back into anatomical position

Front 127

KUB

Back 127

procedure that uses an x-ray of the kidneys, ureters and bladder done without contrast; used to find kidney stones or preliminary scout film before an IVP

Front 128

nephronptosis

Back 128

abnormally low position of a kidney; sometimes requires surgery

Front 129

-ule

Back 129

small thing

Front 130

-lyte

Back 130

dissolved substance

Front 131

-ate

Back 131

composed of; pertaining to

Front 132

BUN

Back 132

blood urea nitrogen - monitors kidney function and progression of kidney disease