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200 Cards in this Set
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Medical terminology
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study of terms that are used in the art and science of medicine. Origin arising from the GREEK influence on medicine.
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P=PREFIX
R=ROOT CF=COMBINING FORM S= SUFFIX |
Abbreviations used for component parts.
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Prefix
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To fix before or to fix to the beginning of a word. A prefix can be a syllable or a group of syllables. Placed at the beginning of a word to modify their meaning or create an entirely new word.
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ex/cis/ion
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The process of cutting out ; surgical removal.
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ex (P or prefix meaning)
cis (R or root meaning) ion (S or suffix meaning) excision |
out
to cut process **Process of cutting out, surgical removal** |
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Word Root
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A root is a word or word element from which other words are formed. It is the foundation of the word. It conveys central meaning and forms the "base" for other prefixes/suffixes.
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mal (P or prefix meaning)
format (R or root meaning) ion (S or suffix meaning) |
bad
a shaping process |
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Combining form
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word root to which a vowel has been added. The vowel o is used more often than any other to make combining forms. Combining forms (typically vowels) can be found at the beginning of a word or within the word.
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Suffix
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fasten on, beneath, or under. A suffix can be a syllable or group of syllables united with or placed at the end of a word to alter or modify the meaning or create a new word. Ex. gastr/oma means a tumor of the stomach and the word gast/itis means inflammation of the stomach.
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gastr (R or root meaning)
oma (S or suffix meaning) gastr (R or root meaning) itis (S or suffix meaning) |
stomach
tumor stomach inflammation |
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gastr
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stomach
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oma
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tumor
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itis
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inflammation
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abduct
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to lead AWAY from the middle
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adduct
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to lean TOWARD the middle
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arteritis
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Inflammation of an ARTERY
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artheritis
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Inflammation of a JOINT
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ante
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before/forward
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anti-
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against
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ecto-
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out, outside, outer
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endo-
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within, inner
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hyper-
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above, beyond, excessive
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hypo-
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below, under, defecient
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inter-
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between
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intra-
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within
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para-
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beside, alongside, abnormal
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peri-
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around
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per-
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through
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hypo-
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below,under,deficient
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inter
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between
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intra-
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within
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para
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beside, alongside,abnormal
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peri-
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around
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per-
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through
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pre-
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before, in front of
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pro-
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before
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super-
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above, beyond
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supra
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above, beyond
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poiesis
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formation
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ptosis
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prolapse, drooping, sagging, falling down
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ptysis
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spitting
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rrhagia
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to burst forth, bursting forth
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rrhage
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to burst forth, bursting forth
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rrhaphy
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suture
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rrhea
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flow,discharge
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rrhexis
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rupture
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scope
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instrument for examining
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scopy
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visual examination, to view, examine
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tome
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instrument to cut
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tomy
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incision
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tripsy
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crushing
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trophy
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nourishment, development
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**GUIDELINES FOR BUILDING AND SPELLING MEDICAL WORDS**
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1. If the suffix begins with a vowel, drop the combining vowel from the combining form and add the suffix.
2. If the suffix begins with a consonant, keep the combining vowel and add the suffix to the combining form. 3. Keep the combining vowel between two or more roots in a term. (pg 5) |
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~Singular~
"a" as in bursa |
~plural~
"ae" as in bursae |
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~singular~
"ax" as in thorax |
~plural~
to "aces" as in thoraces or "es" as in thoraxes |
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~singular~
"en" as in foramen |
~plural~
to "ina" as in foramina |
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~singular~
"is" as in crisis |
~plural~
to "es" as in crises |
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~singular~
"is" as in iris |
~plural~
"ides" as in irides |
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~singular~
"is" as in femoris |
~plural~
"a" as in femora |
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~singular~
"ix" as in appendix |
~plural~
"ices" as in appendices |
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~singular~
"nx" as in phalanx |
~plural~
to "ges" as in phalanges |
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~singular~
"on" as in spermatozoon |
~plural~
to "a" as in spermatozoa |
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~singular~
"um" as in ovum |
~plural~
to "a" as in ova |
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~singular~
"us" as in nucleus |
~plural~
to "i" as in nuclei |
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~singular~
"y" as in artery |
~plural~
to "i" and add "es" as in arteries |
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abate
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to lessen,decrease, or cease
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abnormal
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Ab-away from
norm- rule al-pertaining to ~away from the normal or rule. |
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abscess
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localized collection of pus, which may occur in any part of the body.
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acute
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Sudden, sharp, severe; a disease that has a sudden onset, severe symptoms and a short course.
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adhesion
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adhes - stuck to
ion - process ~ process of being stuck together |
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afferent
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carrying impulses toward a center
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ambulatory (Amb)
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Condition of being able to walk, not confined to a bed.
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antidote
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Substance given to counteract poisons and their effects
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antipyretic
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anti - against
pyret - fever ic - pertaining to ~Pertaining to an agent that works against fever. |
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antiseptic
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anti - against
sept-putrefaction ic-pertaining to Pertaining to an agent that works against sepsis; putrefaction |
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antitussive
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anti - against
tuss - cough ive - nature of / quality of Pertaining to an agent that works against coughing |
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apathy
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Condition in which one lacks feelings and emotion and is indifferent
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asepsis
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a-without
sepsis - decay Without decay;sterile, free from all living microorganisms |
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autoclave
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Apparatus used to sterilize articles by steam under pressure
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autonomy
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auto-self
nom-law y- condition ~ condition of being self governed; to function independently |
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axillary (ax)
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axill - armpit
ary-pertaining to ~pertaining to armpit |
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biopsy (Bx)
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bi(o) - life
opsy - to view Surgical removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic examination; used to determine a diagnosis of cancer or other disease processes in the body. |
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cachexia
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cac-bad
hexia - condition ~ Condition of ill health, malnutrition, and wasting. It may occur in chronic diseases such as cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis. |
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centigrade (C)
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centi-one hundred, one hundredth
grade- a step Having 100 steps or degrees, like the Celsius temp scale; boiling point = 100 degrees C and freezing = 0 degrees C |
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centimeter (cm)
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centi - one hundred, one hundredth
meter - measure ~ Unit of measurement in the metrick system; one hundredth of a meter. |
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centrifuge
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centr/i - center
fuge- to flee Device used in laboratory to separate solids from liquids. |
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chemotherapy
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chem/o - chemical
therapy - treatment Treatment using chemical agents. |
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chronic
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Pertaining to time; a disease that continues over a long time, showing little change in symptoms or course
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diagnosis (Dx)
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dia-through
gnosis - knowledge Determination of the cause and nature of a disease. |
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diaphoresis
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dia-through
phoresis - to carry To carry through sweat glands;profuse sweating |
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disease
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lack of ease; an abnormal condition of the body that presents a series of symptoms that sets it apart from normal or other abnormal body states.
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disinfectant
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dis-apart
infect-to infect ant-forming Chemical substance that can be applied to objects to destroy pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria |
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efferent
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Carrying impulses away from a center.
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empathy
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State of projecting one's own personality into the personality of another to understand the feelings, emotions, and behavior of the person.
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epidemic
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epi-upon
dem-people ic-pertaining to Among the people; the rapid, widespread occurrence of an infectious disease. |
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etiology
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eti/o - cause
logy - study of Study of the cause(s) of disease |
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excision
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ex - out
cis - to cut ion - process Process of cutting out, surgical removal |
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febrile
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Pertaining to fever
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gram (g)
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Unit of weight in the metric system; a cubic centimeter or a milliliter of water is equal to the weight of a gram.
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heterogeneous
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hetero-different
gene - formation, produce ous - pertaining to Pertaining to a different formation |
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illness
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state of being sick
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incision
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in - in, into
cis - to cut ion - process Process of cutting into |
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kilogram (kg)
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kil/o ~ a thousand
gram - a weight ~ Unit of volume in the metric system; equal to 33.8 fl oz or 1.0567 qt |
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liter (L)
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Unit of weight in the metric system; 1000g
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macroscopic
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macr/o - large
scop - to examine ic - pertaining to Pertaining to objects large enough to be examined by the naked eye. |
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malaise
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Feeling of discomfort, uneasiness; often felt by a patient who has a chronic disease.
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malformation
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mal - bad
format- a shaping ion - process Process of being badly shaped, deformed. |
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malignant
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malign - bad kind
ant - forming Bad wandering; pertaining to the spreading process of cancer from one area of the body to another area. |
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maximal
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maxim - greatest
al - pertaining to Pertaining to the greatest possible quantity, number, or degree. |
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microgram (mcg)
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micro - small
gram - a weight ~ Unit of weight in the metric system; 0.001mg |
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microorganism
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micro - small
organ - organ ism - condition Small living organisms that are not visible to the naked eye. |
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microscope
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micro- small
scope - instrument for examining Instrument used to view small objects |
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milligram (mg)
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milli - one-thousandth
gram - a weight Unit of weight in the metric system; 0.001 L |
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milliliter (mL)
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milli - one-thousandth
liter - liter Unit of volume in the metric system; 0.001L |
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minimal
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minim - least
al - pertaining to Pertaining to the least possible quantity, number, or degree. |
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multiform
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multi - many, much
form - shape Occurring in or having many shapes |
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necrosis
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necr-death
osis - condition (usually abnormal) ~Condition of tissue death |
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neopathy
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neo-new
pathy - disease New disease |
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oncology
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onc/o - tumor
logy - study of Study of tumors |
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pallor
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Paleness, a lack of color
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palmar
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palm - palm
ar - pertaining to Pertaining to the palm of the hand |
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paracentesis
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para - beside
centesis - surgical puncture Surgical puncture of a body CAVITY for fluid removal |
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prognosis
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pro-before
gnosis - knowledge Literally means prediction of the course of a disease and the recovery rate; condition of foreknowledge. |
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prophylactic
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prophylact - guarding
ic - pertaining to Pertaining to preventing or protecting against disease |
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pyrogenic
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pyr/o heat, fire
genic - formation, produce Pertaining to the production of heat; a fever |
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radiology
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radi/o - ray, x ray
logy - study of Study of radioactive substances. |
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rapport
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Relationship of understanding between two individuals, especially between the patient and the physician.
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syndrome
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syn - together, with
drome - a course Combination of signs and symptoms occurring together that characterize a specific disease |
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thermometer
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therm/o - hot, heat
meter - instrument to measure Instrument used to measure degree of heat |
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topography
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top/o - place
graphy - recording Description of a body part in relation to the anatomic region in which it is located. |
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triage
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Sorting and classifying of injuries to determine priority of need and treatment.
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AB
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abnormal
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ABMS
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American Board of Medical Specialties
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ac
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acute
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Amb
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ambulatory
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ax
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axillary
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Bx
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biopsy
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C
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centigrade, Celsius
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cm
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centimeter
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CV
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cardiovascular
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Derm
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dermatology
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Dx
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diagnosis
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ENT
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ear, nose, throat (otorhinolaryngology)
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FACP
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Fellow of the American College of Physicians
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FACS
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Fellow of the American College of Surgeons
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FP
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family practice
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g
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gram
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GI
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gastrointestinal
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GYN
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gynecology
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kg
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kilogram
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L
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liter
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mcg
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microgram
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mg
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miligram
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mL
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milliliter
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Neuro
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neurology
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OB
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obstetrics
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Orth (abbreviation for)
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Orthopedics
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Path
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pathology
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Peds
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pediatrics
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Psych
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psychiatry, psychology
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(specialty/physician)
Allergy/Immunology = Allergist / Immunologist |
Diseases of an allergic nature
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Anesthesiology / Anesthesiologist
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Appropriate anesthesia for partial or complete loss of sensation.
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Bariatrics / Bariatrician
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Prevention, control, and treatment of obesity
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Cardiology / Cardiologist
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Specializes in diseases of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries
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Dermatology (Derm) / Dermatologist
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Diseases of the skin
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Endocrinology / Endocrinologist
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Diseases of the endocrine system (the glands and the hormones they secrete)
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Epidemiology / Epidemiologist
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Epidemic diseases
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Family Practice (FP) / Family Practitioner
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Care of members of the family regardless of age and/ or sex.
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Gastroenterology / Gastroenterologist
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Diseases of the stomach and intestines
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Geriatrics / Gerontologist
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Study of aspects of aging
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Gynecology (GYN) / Gynecologist
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Diseases of the female reproductive system
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Hematology / Hematologist
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming tissues
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Infectious Disease
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Diseases caused by the growth of pathogenic microorganisms within the body.
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Internal Medicine / Internist
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Specializes in diseases of internal origin not usually treated surgically.
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Nephrology / Nephrologist
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Specializes in diseases of the kidney and urinary system.
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Neurology / Neurologist
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Diseases of the nervous system.
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Obstetrics (OB) / Obstetrician
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Treatment of the female during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum
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Oncology / Oncologist
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Study of tumors
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Ophthalmology / Ophthalmologist
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Diseases of the eye
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Orthopedic (Orth)
Surgery : Orthopaedic Orthopedist / Orthopaedist **lookup** |
Diseases and disorders intricianatrician volving locomotor structures of the body.
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Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)
Otorhinolaryngologist |
Diseases of the ear, nose and larynx
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Pathology (Path) / Pathologist
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Study of structural and functional changes in tissues and organs caused by disease.
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Pediatrics (Peds) / Pediatrician
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Diseases of children
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Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation / Physiatrist
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Treatment of disease by physical agents
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Proctology / Proctologist
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Diseases of the colon, rectum, and anus
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Psychiatry (Psych) / Psychiatrist
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Diseases of the mind
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Pulmonary Disease / Pulmonologist
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Diseases of the lungs
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Radiology / Radiologist
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Study of radioactive substances and their relationship to prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease
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Rheumatology / Rheumatologist
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Rheumatic diseases
(conditions and diseases affecting joints, muscles and bones) |
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Urology / Urologist
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Diseases of the urinary system
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Cardiovascular (CV) - ref surgical speciality
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Surgical repair and correction of cardiovascular dysfunctions
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Colon and Rectum - ref surgical specialty
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Surgical repair and correction of colon and rectal dysfunctions
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Cosmetic, Reconstructive Plastic - ref surgical speciality
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Surgical repair, reconstruction revision, or change of the texture, configuration, or relationship of contiguous structures of any parft of the human body.
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General - ref surgical speciality
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Surgical repair and correction of various body parts and / or organs
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Maxillofacial - ref surgical speciality
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Surgical treatment of diseases, injuries, and defects of the human mouth and dental structures.
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Neurologic - ref surgery
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Surgical repair and correction of neurologic dysfunctions
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Orthopedic (Orthopaedic) ref surgery
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Surgical prevention and repair of musculoskeletal dysfunctions
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Thoracic - ref surgery pg 12
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Surgical repair and correction of organs within the rib cage
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Trauma - ref surgery (p 12)
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Surgical repair and correction of traumatic injuries
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Vascular Surgery
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Surgical repair and correction of vascular (vessels) dysfunctions
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