Medical Terminology Tape 4

Front 1

What is the basic function of the musculoskeletal system?

Back 1

1) Support the body

2) Protect internal organs

3) Make us mobile

Front 2

Leiomyofibroma

Back 2

A tumor of the smooth muscle and fibers of connective tissue

Front 3

What is the Diaphysis?

Back 3

Long shaft of the bone

Front 4

Epiphysis (singular)

Epiphyses (plural)

Back 4

Located at the ends of each bone. Have bulb-like shape that provides space for muscle attachment.

Front 5

Epiphyseal plate or line

Back 5

Found in children and young adults. A layer of cartilage that seperates the epiphysis from the diaphysis. The cartilage along the epiphyseal plate allows the bone to expand and harden. When skeletal growth is done, the epiphyseal cartilage will be completely replaced by bone, causing the line to disappear.

Front 6

Articular Cartilage

Back 6

A thin layer of cartilage that covers the ends of the long bones and the surface of the joint.

Front 7

Periosteum

Back 7

The outer covering of the bone

Front 8

Compact bone

Back 8

The hard outer shell of the bone. Makes up the diaphysis.

Front 9

Medullary Cavity

Back 9

Contains yellow marrow. Has several haversian canals which contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves.

Front 10

Cancellous bone / Spongy bone

Back 10

Not as dense as compact bone. Arranged along lines of stress. This gives added strength to the bone.

Front 11

Red bone marrow

Back 11

Where blood cell production takes place. Found in the spaces between the spongy bone. Red marrow diminishes as a person gets older and replaces itself with yellow marrow.

Front 12

Yellow marrow

Back 12

Stores fat and is not an active site for blood cell production in the adult. Can become red marrow upon demand in a crisis situation.

Front 13

What are the cranial Bones?

Back 13

Frontal

Parietal

Occipital

Temporal

Sphenoid

Ethmoid

Front 14

Frontal

Back 14

Front of the skull. It forms the forehead and houses the cavities that hold the eyeballs and sinus cavities.

Front 15

Parietal

Back 15

Forms the top upper sides of the cranium.

Front 16

Occipital

Back 16

Forms the back of the head and base of the skull.

Front 17

Temporal

Back 17

Forms the lower sides of the skull. Contains the middle and inner ear structures.

Front 18

Sphenoid

Back 18

Located at the base of the skull in front of the temporal bones. Forms part of the base of the eyeballs.

Front 19

Ethmoid

Back 19

Lies just behind the nasal bone in front of the sphenoid bone. Forms the base of the skull, the nasal cavity and eyeballs.

Front 20

Cervical Vertebrae

Back 20

C1-C7 Make up the bones of the neck.

Front 21

Thoracic Vertebrae

Back 21

T1-T12 Makes up the bones of the chest. Connects with the ribs.

Front 22

Lumbar Vertebrae

Back 22

L1-L5 The heavier bones that support the back and lower trunk.

Front 23

Sacrum

Back 23

Made up of five individual bones in children. In the adult, is a single triangular shaped bone. Is wedged between the two hip bones and is attached to the hip bones.

Front 24

Coccyx

Back 24

Made up of four individual bones in the child. made up of one bone in the adult. Also referred to as the tailbone.

Front 25

What is the combining form for rib?

Back 25

cost/o

Front 26

True ribs

Back 26

They are attached to the sternum in the front and to the vertebral column in the back.

First 7 pair

Front 27

Costal cartilage

Back 27

Cartilage between the ribs

Front 28

False ribs

Back 28

They connect with the vertebrae in the back, but do not directly attach to the front of the sternum instead they all attach to the cartilage of the ninth rib.

Pairs 8-10

Front 29

Floating ribs

Back 29

The last two pairs of ribs. They directly attach to the vertebrae in the back but are completely free of attachment in the front.

Pair 11 and 12.

Front 30

Sternum

Back 30

The breast bone. The broad upper end is referred to as the manubrium. The center is called the body. The lower portion is referred to as the xiphoid process.

Front 31

Scapula

Back 31

Also known as the shoulder blades.

Front 32

Humerus

Back 32

The upper arm bone. It is connected between its superior bone, the scapula and its inferior bones the radius and ulna.

Front 33

Radius

Back 33

Oneof the two lower arm bones. It is located on the lateral or thumb side of thearm and is connected to its superior humerus bone and its inferior wrist bones.

Front 34

Ulna

Back 34

Thesecond of the two lower arm bones. Is located on the medial, or little finger,side of the arm. It is connected to its superior humerus bone and its inferiorwrist bones. Has a large projection known as the olecranon process which formsthe point of the elbow.