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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ascites
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an abnormal accumulation of clear or milky serous (watery) fluid in the peritoneal cavity
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mesentery
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a layer of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity
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peritoneum
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the membrane that protects and supports (suspends in place) the organs located in the abdominal cavity
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Laparoscopy
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the visual examination of the interior of the abdomen with the use of a laparoscope
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laparo
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abdomen
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Cystic fibrosis
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a genetic disorder of the exocrine glands
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Down syndrome
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also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic syndrome characterized by varying degrees of mental retardation and multiple physical abnormalities
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Hemophilia
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a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which one of the factors needed to clot the blood is missing. Genetic transmission is from a mother to her son
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Huntington’s disease (HD), also known as Huntington’s chorea (HC
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a hereditary disorder with symptoms that first appear in midlife and cause the irreversible and progressive loss of muscle control and mental ability. The HD gene, which can be detected through genetic testing, is a dominant gene. This means that 50% of those inheriting it will develop the disease
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Muscular dystrophy
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is a group of genetic diseases characterized by progressive weakness of muscle fibers.
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Phenylketonuria (PKU)
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a genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing. PKU can be detected by a blood test at birth. If it is not detected and treated early, PKU causes severe mental retardation
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Sickle Cell Anemia
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a serious genetic disorder caused by genes that produce abnormal hemoglobin in the red blood cells
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Tay-Sachs disease, also known as TSD
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a hereditary disease marked by progressive physical degeneration, mental retardation, and early death
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congenital disorder
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an abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth and may be caused by a developmental disorder before birth, prenatal influences, premature birth, or injuries during birth
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
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characterized by prenatal and postnatal physical and behavior traits including growth deficiencies and abnormalities, mental retardation, brain damage, and socialization difficulties
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Birth injuries
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congential disorders that were not present before the events surrounding the time of birth
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Cerebral Palsy (CP)
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may be caused by premature birth or be due to inadequate oxygen to the brain during birth
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hist -
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tissues
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- plasia
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formation
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aplasia
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the lack of development of an organ or tissue
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hypoplasia
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the incomplete development of an organ or tissue, but less severe in degree than aplasia
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hyperplasia
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an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in a tissue
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dysplasia
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means abnormal development or growth, especially of cells
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anaplasia
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a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other. These abnormal cells are characteristic of malignancy
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-crine
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to secrete
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aden-
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gland
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ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
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tendon
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card/o, cardi/o
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heart
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phleb/o
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veins
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ven/o
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veins
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hemat/o
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blood
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hem/o
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blood
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lymph/o
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lymph, lymph vessels, and lymph nodes
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tonsill/o
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tonsills
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splen/o
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spleen
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thym/o
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thymus
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trache/o
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trachea
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pneum/o, pneumon/o
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lungs
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or/o
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mouth
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esophag/o
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esophagus
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enter/o)
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small intestines
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col/o
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large intensines
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hepat/o
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liver
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pancreat/o
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pancreas
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nephr/o
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kidney
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ren/o
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kidney
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cyst/o
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urinary bladder
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vesic/o
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urinary bladder
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encephal/o
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brain
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opthalm/o
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eyes
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acoust/o
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ear
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ot/o
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ear
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hidr/o
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sweat glands
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orch/o, orchid/o
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testicles
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(oophor/o, ovari/o)
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ovary
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hyster/o, metr/o,
metri/o, uter/o |
uterus
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Etiology
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the study of the causes of disease
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idiopathic
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an illness without known cause
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organic disorder
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pathologic physical changes that explain the symptoms being experienced by the patient
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functional disorder
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no detectable physical changes to explain the symptoms being experienced by the patient. As an example, a panic attack is a functional disorder.
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iatrogenic
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an unfavorable response to medical treatment for a different disorder.
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nosocomial
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a hospital-acquired infection that was not present on admission but appears 72 hours or more after hospitalization
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endemic
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means the ongoing presence of a disease within a population, group, or area. For example, the common cold is endemic because it is always present within the population
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epidemic
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a sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a population group or area. For example, a sudden widespread outbreak of measles is an epidemic
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pandemic
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occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide. For example, the spread of AIDS
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