Medical Terminology-Lymphatic & Immune System

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lymph/o

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lymph fluid and vessels

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lymphaden/o

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lymph nodes

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tonsill/o, adeniod/o

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tonsils and adenoids

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splen/o

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spleen

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myel/o

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bone marrow

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lymph/o, -cyte

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lymphocytes

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thym/o

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thymus

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immun/o

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immune system

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hemat

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blood

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onc

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tumor

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ologist

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specialist

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lytic

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destroy

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lymphangi/o

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lymph vessel

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B cells or B lymphocytes

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makes antibodies against viruses or specific antigens

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Ig
Immunoglobin

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Antibody

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T cells
T lymphocytes

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coordinates immune defenses and kills invading organisms on contact

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Interferon (in-ter-FEAR-on)

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Produced by T cells. Causes noninfected cells to form an antiviral protein that stops or slows viral multiplication

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macrophage

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type of phagocyte, protects body by ingesting invading cells

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phagocyte

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WBC that eats and destroys cell waste, dust, pollen and pathogens

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Hypersensitivity

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Allergy

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allergen

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antigen capale of inducing an allergic response

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systemic allergic reaction

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anaphylaxis
(an-ah-fil-LACK-sis)

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HIV

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human immunodeficienty virus

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AIDS

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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

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cytotoxic drug

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kills or damages cells

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antineoplastic

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blocks growth of neoplasms and is used to treat cancer

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Ca

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cancer

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pathogen

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microorganism that causes a disease

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bacteria

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one-celled organisms

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bacilli

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rod-shapted spore-forming bactieria
Ex:tetanus and tuberculosis

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rickettsia

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small bacterium that live in lice, fleas, ticks and mites
Ex: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

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spirochetes

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spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement
Ex: Lyme disease

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staphylococci

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bacteria that form irregular clusters
Ex: endocarditis, pneumonia

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streptococci

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bacteria that form a chain
Ex: strep throat

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fungus

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parasitic plant that may cause inflammation and lesions on or in any organ

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yeast

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type of fungus that may cause infections usually localized in mouth or vagina

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parasite

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plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism

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viruses

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very small infectious agents that live only by invading living cells

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varicella or VZV

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chickenpox

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cytomegalovirus or CMV

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infection caused by a group of large herpes-type viruses with a wide variety of disease effects

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Herpes zoster or HZ

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shingles

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Infectious mononucleosis

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caused by Epstein-Barr virus and characterized by fever, sore throat and enlarged lymph nodes

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Mumps

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acute viral disease characterized by swelling of the parotid glands

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rabies

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acute viral infection that may be transmitted to humans by the blood, tissue or saliva or an infected animal

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Rubella (German measles)

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viral infection characterized by fever and a diffuse, fine, red rash. May cause congenital deformities if contracted in early pregnancy

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antibiotics

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chemical substance capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic microorganisms

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bactericide

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substance that causes the death of bacteria

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bacteriostatic

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agent that inhibits, slows or retards growth of bacteria

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antiviral

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treats viral infections or provides temporary immunity

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onc-

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tumor

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neo-

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new

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neoplasm

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a new and abnormal tissue formation

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angiogenesis

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a tumor supporting its own growth by creating its own blood supply

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angio

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vessel

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genesis

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reproduction

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benign

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not recurring, nonmalignant and with a favorable chance of recovery

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myoma

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benign neoplasm made up of muscle tissue

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malignant

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harmful, tending to spread, becoming progressively worse and life-threatening

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carcinoma in situ (CIT)

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malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded surrounding tissue

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invasive malignancy

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grows and spreads into healthy adjacent tissue

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metastasize

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a verb that describes the process by which cancer spreads

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matastasis

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new cancer site that results from spreading process

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meta-

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beyond

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stasis

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stopping

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carcinoma (Ca)

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malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue

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carcin-

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cancer

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-oma

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tumor

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sarcoma

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malignant tumor that arises from connective tissue

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sarc/o

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flesh

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osteosarcoma

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malignant tumor usually involving the upper shaft of long bones, the pelvis or knee

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myosarcoma

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soft tissue sarcoma arising from tissue such as fat, muscle and nerves

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Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)

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an opportunistic infection frequently associated with HIV

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lymphoma

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general term applied to malignancies that develop in the lymphatic system

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Hodgkin's Disease (Hodgkin's lymphoma or HL)

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distinguished by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells. Large cancerous lymphocytes

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Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL)

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describes all lymphomas other than Hodgkin's lymphoma