Medical Terminology I Final

Front 1

menarche

Back 1

beginning of the first menstrual period during puberty

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estrogen

Back 2

hormones produced by the ovaries; promotes female secondary sex characteristics

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ovulation

Back 3

Release of the ovum from the ovary.

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corpus luteum

Back 4

empty ovarian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of the egg cell; literally means yellow body

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menstrual cycle 1

Back 5

days 1 to 5 menstrual period: discharge of bloody fluid containing disintegrated endometrial cells, glandular secretions, and blood cells

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menstrual cycle 2

Back 6

6 to 12 repair period: endometrium repair itself. Maturing follicle in the ovary releases estrogen, which aids repair. Ovum grows in the follicle during this period.

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menstrual cycle 3

Back 7

days 13 and 14 ovulatory period: follicle ruptures and egg leaves the ovary, passing through the fallopian tube

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menstrual cycle 4

Back 8

Days 15 to 28: anticipation period: empty follicle fills with a yellow material and is now the corpus luteum and secretes progesterone into blood. Builds lining of the uterus in anticipation of fertilization of the egg and pregnancy. Disappointment period: stops production of progesterone and regresses. Lower level of progesterone and estrogen probably are responsible depression, breast tenderness, irritability before menstruation (PMS)

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Passage of sperm diagram

Back 9

Seminiferous tubules (testes, sperm are formed)

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Epididymis (define)

Back 10

One of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes lying on top of each testis. It carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens

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Vas deferens

Back 11

narrow tube (one on each Side) that carries sperm from the Epididymis into the body and toward the urethra

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p.390, 11-7 diagram steps

Back 12

Blood enters heart: Superior vena cava (inferior vena cava)

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Cellular -> respiration->inspiration, expiration

Back 13

Process of breathing in and out

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Parts of the neuron

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Dendrites

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Neurotransmitter (define)

Back 15

Chemical messenger, released at the end of a nerve cell. It stimulates or inhibits another cell, which can be a nerve cell, muscle cell, or gland cell. example of NTs are acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin

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cervix

Back 16

lower, neck like portion of the uterus

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corpus luteum

Back 17

empty ovarian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of the egg cell

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herpes genitalis

Back 18

Infection of the skin and mucosa of the genitals, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and marked by blisters

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endometrium

Back 19

inner mucous membrane lining of the uterus

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chlamydial infection

Back 20

Bacteria invade the urethra and reproductive tract of men and women

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estrogen

Back 21

hormone produced by the ovaries; promotes female secondary sex characteristics

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hydrocele

Back 22

Sac of clear fluid in the scrotum

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fertilization

Back 23

union of the sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops

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carcinoma of the testes

Back 24

Nonseminomatous tumors of the testes.

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menarche

Back 25

beginning of the first menstural period during puberty

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vasectomy

Back 26

Surgical removal of vas deferens

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menstruation

Back 27

monthly shedding of the uterine lining. the flow of blood and tissue normally discharged during menstruation is called the menses

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testosterone

Back 28

hormone made by the interstitial cells of the testes. Responsible for secondary sex characteristics

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progesterone

Back 29

hormone produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary and the placenta of pregnant women.

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semen

Back 30

Spermatozoa and fluid (prostatic and other glandular secretions)

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puberty

Back 31

Point in the life cycle at which the ability to reproduce begins; secondary sex characteristics appear and gametes are produced

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fraternal twins

Back 32

Two infants born of the same pregnancy from two seperate ova fertilized by two different sperm

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uterus

Back 33

hollow, pear shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop, and from which menstruation occurs. the upper portion in the fundus; middle portion is the corpus; and the lowermost, neck-like potion is the cervix

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flagellum

Back 34

hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile (able to move)

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pelvimetry

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Measurement of the dimensions of the maternal pelvis.

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dilation and curettage

Back 36

widening of the cervix and scraping the endometrium of the uterus.

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amenorrhea

Back 37

Absence of menstruation of 6 months or longer

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cauterization

Back 38

Destruction of tissues by burning

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menorrhagia

Back 39

Abnormally heavy or long menstrual period

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caesarian section

Back 40

Surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus

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anovulatory

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Pertaining to no ovulation

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tubal ligation

Back 42

Blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent fertilization from occurring

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down syndrome

Back 43

Chromosomal abnormality results in mental retardation, retarded growth, flat face, short nose, low set ears, and slanted eyes

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menarche

Back 44

beginning of the first menstrual period during puberty

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ectopic pregnancy

Back 45

implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine location

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dystocia

Back 46

Difficult childbirth

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pelvic inflammation disease

Back 47

Inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvic region

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cephalic version

Back 48

Head first during delivery

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endometriosis

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Endometrial tissues located outside the uterus

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multipara

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Many pregnancies and deliveries

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cervical carcinoma

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Malignant cells within the cervix

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semen analysis

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Ejaculated fluid is examined microscopically.

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foreskin

Back 53

Fold of skin covering the tip of the penis

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circumcision

Back 54

surgical removal of the prepuce of the penis

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ejaculation

Back 55

ejection of sperm and fluid from the male urethra

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transurethral resection of the prostate

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Excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra.

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cryptorchism

Back 57

Hidden testicles

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syphilis

Back 58

chronic STD caused by a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacterium)

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androgen

Back 59

Testes in males and adrenal glands in both men and women produced androgen

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identical twins

Back 60

Two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos.

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mammography

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Process of recording breast x-ray

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gonorrhea

Back 62

inflammation of the genital tract mucous membranes, caused by infection with gonococci

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pap smear

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microscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix

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hydrocephalus

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Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain

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preeclampsia

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Abnormal associated with pregnancy marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, and edema

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abruptio placentae

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premature separation of a normally implanted placenta

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carcinoma of the breast

Back 67

malignant tumor of the breast (arising from milk glands and ducts)

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ovarian carcinoma

Back 68

malignant tumor of the ovary (adenocarcinoma)

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intrauterine device

Back 69

Device place to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg