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188 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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-graph
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instrument for recording
Ex: Pictograph |
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-metry
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act of measuring
Ex; Geometry |
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-ectasis
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dilation, expansion
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-stenosis
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narrowing, stricture
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-esthesia
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feeling
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Body's inflammatory response to infection in which there is fever, elevated heart rate, elevated respiratory rate, and low bp
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Sepsis
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rounded epidermal growths caused by a virus, also called warts
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verruca
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small slit or cracklike sore that extends into the dermal layer, could be caused by continuous inflammation and drying
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Fissure
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localized collection of pus at the site of an infection
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abscess
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fungal infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected, also called ringworm
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tinea
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IMP
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impression (diagnosis)
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FS
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frozen section
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chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered with silvery scales
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psoriasis
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minute, pinpoint hemorrhagic spot of the skin
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petechia
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areas of pathologically altered tissure caused by disease, injury, or a wound due to external factors or internal disease
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skin lesions
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Transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern
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Synthetic
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initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue that may be flat or elevated
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Primary Lesions
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Elevated form rounded lesion with localized skin edema that varies in size, shape and color. Paler in the center than its edges example hives, insect bites, Urticaria
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Wheal
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linear scratch marks or traumatized abrasion of the epidermis. Ex. scratches, abrasions, chemical or thermal burns
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excoriations
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hemorrhage of any size under the skin in which the skin is not broken. also known as a bruise
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contusion
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-esis
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condition
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an open sore or lesion that extends to the dermis and usually heals with scarring. Ex. pressure sores, BCC
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ulcer
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lesion of the skin or mucous membrane marked by inflammation necrosis and sloughing of damaged tissues
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ulcer
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myc/o
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fungus
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a cyst filled with sebum (fatty material) from a sebaceous gland
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sebaceous cyst
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skin discolorization consisting of a large irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow commonly called a bruise
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ecchymosis
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allergic reaction of the skin characterized by eruption of pale-red elevated patches that are intensely itchy,also called wheals or hives
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urticaria
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palpable circumscribed lesion, larger and deeper than a papule extends into derma area. Malignant tumor, benign tumor, intradermal nevus
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Nodule
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result from the changes that take place in the primary lesion due to infection scratching trauma or various stages of disease
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secondary lesions
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process in which high frequency electrical sparks are used to dehydrate and destroy diseased tissue
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electrodessication
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flat pigmented area less than 1 cm in diameter. Ex. Freckles, flat mole, rash in rubella
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Macule
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condition in which a person sweats excessively, profuse perspiration
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diaphoresis
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small raised circumscribed lesion that contains pus, usually less than 1 cm in diameter Ex. acne, furuncle, pustular psoriasis, scabies
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pustule
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a vesicle or blister larger than 1 cm in diamete, Ex. second degree burns, severe poison oak, poison ivy
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bulla
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solid elevated lesion larger then 2 cm in diameter that extends into the derma and SQ layer. Ex. lipoma, steatoma, dermatofibroma, hemangioma
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tumor
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solid elevated lesion less than 1 cm in diameter skin colored pigment. Ex. wart, pimple, ringworm, psoriasis, eczema
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papule
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elevated circumscribed fluid-filled lesion less than .5cm examples are poison ivy, shingles, and chickenpox
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vesicle
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-phoresis
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charrying, transmission
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abscess that originates in a hair follicle, also called a boil
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Furuncle
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XP/XDP
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xeroderma pigmentosum
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IRDS
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infant respiratory distress syndrome
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high-pitched musical sound made on inspiration that is caused by an obstruction in the trachea or larynx
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stridor
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acute contagious respiratory infection characterized by sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, and muscle pain
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influenza
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PND
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paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
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loud, coarse or snoring sounds heard during inspiration or expiration that is caused by obstructed airways
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rhonchi
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pus in a body cavity, especially in the pleural cavity
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empyema
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IPPB
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intermittent postive-pressure breathing
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collapse of lung tissue, preventing respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
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atelectasis
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acute respiratory syndrome that occurs primarily in children and infants and is characterized by laryngeal obstruction and spasm, barking cough, and stridor
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croup
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failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth resulting in an abnormal opening between pulmonary artery and the aorta
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patent ductus arteriosus
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irregular random contraction of heart fibers
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fibrillation
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mass of undissolved matter-commmonly a blood clot, fatty plaque or air bubble that travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel
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embolus
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removal of living bone marrow tissue usually taken from the sternum or iliac crest for microscopic exam
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bone marrow aspiration biopsy
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AV bock in which occasional electrical impulses from the SA node fail to be conducted to the ventricles
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second-degree heart block
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ELISA
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Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (test to detect anti-HIV antibodies)
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diastole
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heart at relaxation
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plastic or restorative surgery on a valve especially a cardiac valve
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valvuloplasty
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AV block in which electrical impulses from the atria fail to reach the ventricles also called complete heart block
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third-degree heart block
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ana-
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against, up, back
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pericardium
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fibrous sac that surrounds and encloses the entire heart
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malignancy of connective tissue including bone, fat, muscle, and fibrous tissue
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Kaposi sarcoma
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inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to a body part due to an interruption of blood flow
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ischemia
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condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole resulting in incomplete closure and backflow of blood
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MVP
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T cells
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specific lymphocytes that attack foreign agents. also known as cytotoxic T lymphocytes
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BBB
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bundle-branch block
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AICD
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automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator
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any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels and restores forward blood for usually using a balloon dilation
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angioplasty
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creation and study of graphic records produces by electric activity generated by the heart muscle. also called cardiography
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ECG
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insertion of a catheter into the heart through a vein or artery usually of an arm or leg to provide evaluation of the heart
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cardiac catheterization
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endocardium
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inner membranour layer that lines the interior of the heart and the heart valves
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aggregation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors, and cellular elements of the blood attached to the interior wall of a vein or artery, sometimes occluding the lumen of the vessel, also called a blood clot
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thrombus
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device designed to administer a defibrillating electric shock to restore normal sinus rhythm
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defibrillator
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mycardium
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middle muscular layer of the heart
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interference with normal conduction of electrical impulses that control activity of the heart muscle
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heart block
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blood test that measures protein released into the blood by damages heart muscle
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troponin I
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damage to part of the brain due to interruption of its blood supply caused by cleeding within brain tissue or more commonly blockage of an artery also called cerebrovascular accident
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stroke
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battery of blood tests performed to determine the presence of cardiac damage
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cardiac enzyme studies
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thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls also called hardening of the arteries
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arteriosclerosis
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temporary interference in the blood supply to the brain that causes no permanent brain damage
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transient ischemic attack
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ELT
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endovenous lase ablation
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chemical injection into a varicose vein that causes inflammation and formation of fibrous tissue, which closes the vein
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sclerotherapy
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agglutin/o
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clumping, gluing
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localized dilation of the call of a blood vessel usually an artery due to congenital defect or weakness in the vessel wall
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aneurysm
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systole
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heart at contraction
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phylaxis
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protection
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isch/o
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hold back
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surgically implanted defibrillator that automatically detects and corrects fatal arrhythmies such as ventricular fibrillations
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AICD
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abnormal sound heartd on auscultation caused by defects in the valves or chambers of ther heart
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murmur
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condition in which the heard cannot pump enough blood to meet the metabolic requirement of body tissues, formerly called congestive heart failure
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heart failure
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IAS
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interatrial septum
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numbness in fingers or toes due to intermittent constriction of arterioles in the skin
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Raynaud phenomenon
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-poiesis
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formation, production
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malignant disease characterized by painless, progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue (usually first evident in cervical lymph nodes) splenomegaly and presence of unique Reed-Sternberg cells in lymph nodes
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Hodgkin disease
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abnormal condition that affects the heart's arteries and produces various pathological effects, especially reduced flow of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium
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CAD
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mild to severe pain or pressure in the chest caused by ischemia also called angina
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angina pectoris
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ASD
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atrial septal defect
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VSD
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ventricular septal defect
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necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle cause by partial or complete occulsion of one or more coronary arteries also called heart attack
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MI
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ASHD
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arteriosclerotic heart disease
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soft blowing sound heard on auscultation caused by turbulent blood flow
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bruit
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artioventricular block in which the atrial electrical impulses are delayed by a fraction of a second before being conducted to the ventricles
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first-degree heart block
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use of shock waves as an noninvasive method to destroy stones in the gallbladder and biliary ducts
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extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy
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chronic liver disease characterized by destruction of liver calls that eventually leads to ineffective liver function and jaundice
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cirrhosis
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protrusion or projection of an organ or a part of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it
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hernia
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mass of enlarged twisted varicose veins in the mucous membrane inside or just outside the rectum. also known as piles
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hemorrhoid
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gurgling or rumbling sound heard over the large intestine that is caused by gas moving through the intestines
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boborygmus
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radiographic exam of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine after oral admin or barium sulfate also called upper GI series
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barium swallow
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endoscopy of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
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upper GI
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abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
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ascites
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chronic IBD that usually affects the ileum but may affect any portion of the intestinal tract
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Crohn's disease
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Ptyal/o
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saliva
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ERCP
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endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
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EGD
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esophagogastroduodenoscopy
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bariatric surgery in which the stomach is stapled, jejunum is shortened, stomach forms a Y configuration
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roux-en-Y gastric bypass
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LES
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lower esophageal sphincter
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passage of stools containing bright red blood
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hematochezia
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IVC
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intravenous cholangiogram
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test performed on feces using the reagent gum guaiac to detect presenve of blood in feces that is not apparent on visual inspection, also called hemoccult test
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stool guaiac
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RGB
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roux-en-Y gastric bypass
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abnormal passage from one organ to another, or from a hollow organ to the surface
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fistula
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sial/o
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saliva
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TURP
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transurethral resection of the prostate
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BNO
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bladder neck obstruction
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increase of nitrogenous substances, especially urea, in urine
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azoturia
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RP
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retrograde pyelography
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condition associated with pathological changes in the renal interstitial tissue that may be primary or due to a toxic agent, such as a drug or chemical which results in destruction or nephrons and severe impairment in renal function
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interstitial nephritis
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radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is introduced through a cystoscope directly into the bladder and ureters using a small caliber cathereters
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retrograde pyelography
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BPH
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benign prostatic hyperplasia, benign prostatic hypertrophy
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malignant neoplasm of the kidney that occurs in young children, usually before age 5
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Wilms tumor
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nuclear medicine imaging procedure that determines renal function and shape through measurement of a radioactive substance that is injected intravenously and concentrates in the kidney
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renal scan
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-grade
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go to
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EU
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excretory urography
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radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is injected intravenously and serial xray films are taken to provide visualization of the entire urinary tract, also call IVU or EU
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intravenous pyelography
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PKD
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polycystic kidney disease
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episi/o
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vulva
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PIH
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pregnancy induced hypertension
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GC
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gonorrhea
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impotence
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inability of a man to achieve or maintain penile erection commonly called ED
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stenosis or narrowness of the preputial orifice so that the foreskin cannot be pushed back over the glans penis
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phimosis
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infectious chronic STD characterized by lesions that change to chance and may involve any organ or tissue
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syphilis
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-cyesis
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pregnancy
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TRAM
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transverse rectus abdominis muscle
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lapar/o
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abdomen
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contagious bacterial infection that most commonly affects the genitourinary tract and occasionally the pharynx and rectum
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gonorrhea
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-arche
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beginning
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nonconvulsive form of PIH
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preeclampsia
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procedure used to hold the cervix closed to prevent abortion for women who have an incompetent cervix
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cerclage
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convulsive of PIH
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eclampsia
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hormone oxytocin
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stimulates uterine contractoin, initiates labor, promotes milk secretion
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-paresis
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partial paralysis
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T4 and T3 hormones
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increase energy production and increase rate of protein synthesis
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hormone glucagon
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increase blood glucose level
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cluster of symptoms caused by excessive amounts of cortisol or adrenocorticotropic hormone circulating in the blood
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cushing syndrome
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convulsion or other clinically detectable event caused by sudden discharge of electrical activity in the brain that may be classified as partial or generalized
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seizure
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THyroid-stimulation hormone
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stimulates secretion of thyroid hormone
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facial paralysis on one side of the face because of inflammation of a facial nerve most likely cause by a viral infection
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Bell palsy
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Growth Hormone GH or somatotropin
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stimulates somatic growth and increases use of fats for energy
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Lutenizing Hormone LH
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stimulates production of estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone
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Follice-stimulatino hormone
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stimulates egg production and sperm production, increases secretion of estrogen
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progressive degenerative neurological disorder affecting the portion of the brain responsible for controlling movement
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parkinson disease
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relatively uncommon chronic disorder caused by deficiency of cortical hormones that results when the adrenal cortex is damaged or atrophied
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Addison disease
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ICSH
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interstitial cell-stimulation hormone
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adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH
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encourages secretion of hormones from adrenal cortex
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multisystem autoimmune disorder that involves growth of the thyroid associated with hypersecretion of thyroxine also called exopthalmic goiter, thyrotoxicosis, or toxic goiter
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Graves disease
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paraythyroid hormone
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increase reabsorption of calcium and phosphate from bone to blood. INcreases calcium absorption and phosphate excretion. increases absorption of calcium and phosphate
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advanced hypothyroidism in adults that results from hypofunction of the thyroid gland and affects body fluids causing edema and increasing blood volume and increasing blood pressure
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myxedema
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hormone calcitonin
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regulates calcium levels in blood...secreted when calcium levels in blood are high in order to maintain homeostasis
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hormone glucocorticoids
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regulate metabolism of carbs, proteins, and fats. helps depress inflammatory and immune responses
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skeletal disease affecting elderly people that cause chronic infl. of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones and bowing of long bones, also called osteitis deformans
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Paget disease
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ankyl/o
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stiffness, bent, crooked
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fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint
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contracture
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broken ends of a bone are forced into one another
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impacted fracture
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autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by severe muscular weakness and progressive fatigue
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myasthenia gravis
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-asthenia
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weakness, debility
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bone is broken into pieces
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comminuted fracture
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group of hereditary diseases characterized by gradual atrophy and weakness of muscle tissue
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muscular dystrophy
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excision of a sequestrum
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sequestrectomy
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totally immovable joints
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synarthroses
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-physis
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growth
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freely movable joints
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diarthroses
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grating sound from bones moving together
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crepitation
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partial or complete dislocation
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subluxation
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trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive forcible stretch
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strain
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incomplete break of a soft bone, bone is partially bent or broken
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greenstick fracture
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when line of fracture does not include the whole bone
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incomplete fracture
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slightly movable joints
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ampiarthroses
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malignant tumor that develops from the bone marrow usually in long bones or the pelvis
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Ewing Sarcoma
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involves extensive soft tissue injury such as when a broken rib pierces a lung
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complicated fracture
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