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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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plasmapheresis |
the removal of whole blood from the body, separation of its cellular elements, and reinfusion of these cellular elements suspended in saline or a plasma substitute |
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defibrillation |
the use of electrical shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm |
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automated external defibrillator |
electronic equipment that externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm |
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artificial pacemaker |
electronic device used primarily as treatment for bradycardia or atrial fibrillation |
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automated implantable cadrioverter-defibrillator |
a double action pacemaker that regulates the heartbeat and acts as an automatic defibrillator |
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coronary artery bypass graft |
a surgical procedure in which a piece of vein from the leg is implanted on the heart to replace a blocked coronary artery |
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carotid endarterectomy |
surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery |
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antiarrhythmic |
medication administered to control irregularities of the heartbeat |
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anticoagulant |
medication that slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming |
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antihypertensive |
medication administered to lower blood pressure |
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diuretic |
medications administered to increase urine secretion to rid the body of excess salt and water |
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electrocardiography |
the noninvasive process of recording the electrical activity of the myocardium |
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cardiac catheterization
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a diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and guided into the heart
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coronary artery disease |
atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle |
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ischemia |
a condition in which there is an insufficient supply of oxygen in the tissues due to restricted blood flow to a part of the body |
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agina |
episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium |
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myocardium infarction |
the occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup; heart attack |
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occlusion |
total blockage |
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infarct |
a localized area of dead tissue caused by a lack of blood |
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valvular prolapse |
the abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely |
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arrthythmia |
a loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat |
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asystole |
complete lack of electrical activity in the heart; flat line |
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fibrillation |
a rapid and uncontrolled heart beat |
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perfusion |
the flow of blood through the vessels of an organ |
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aneurysm |
a localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery |
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varicose veins |
abnormally swollen veins usually occurring in the superficial veins of the legs |
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thrombosis |
the abnormal condition of having a thrombus (clot) |
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thrombus |
a blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein |
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embolism |
the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus |
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embolus |
a foreign object, such as a blood clot, quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor, that is circulating in the blood |
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Raynaud's disease |
a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress |
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polycythemia |
an abnormal increase in the number of red cells in the blood due to excess production of these cells by the bone marrow |
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septicemia |
caused by the presence of bacteria in the blood, symptoms include fever, tachypnea, and tachycardia |
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transfusion reaction |
a serious and potentially fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient's blood and the donated blood do not match |
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myelodysplastic syndrome |
a group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells |
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sickle cell anemia |
a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in red blood cells that assume an abnormal sickle shape |
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thalassemia |
an inherited blood disorder that causes mild or severe anemia due to reduced hemoglobin and fewer red blood cells that normal |
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orthostatic hypotension |
low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up |
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systemic circulation |
the flow of blood to all parts of the body except the lungs |
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sinoatrial node |
is located in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava; the natural pacemaker of the heart |
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atrioventricular node |
is located on the floor of the right atrium near the interatrial septum; transmitst the electrical impulses onward to the bundle of His |
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bundle of His |
a group of fibers that carries an electrical impulse to ensure the sequence of the heart contractions |
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purkinje fibers |
conductive fibers that relay electrical impulses to stimulate the ventricles to contract |
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arteries |
carry blood away from the heart |
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arterioles |
the smaller, thinner branches of the arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries |
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capillaries |
the smallest blood vessels in the body that deliver oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the tissues |
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veins |
return oxygen-poor blood to the heart |
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venules |
the smallest veins that join to form larger veins |
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vena cavae |
the two largest veins in the body that return blood into the heart |
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systolic pressure |
the highest pressure against the walls of an artery; the ventricles contract |
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diastolic pressure |
the lowest pressure against the walls of an artery; the ventricles relax |
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plasma |
a straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products |
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leukocytes |
white blood cells that defend the body against infective organisms and foreign substances |
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thrombocytes |
the smallest formed elements of the blood that assist in the clotting of blood; platelets |
