Medical Terminology - Chapter 5

Front 1

androgen

Back 1

generic term for an agent that stimulates development of male characteristics.

Hint 1

Usually a hormone such as testosterone and androsterone.

Front 2

ductule

Back 2

A small duct.

Front 3

scrotum

Back 3

Pouch of skin in the male the contains the testicles.

Front 4

synthesis

Back 4

Formation of a complex substance by the union of simpler compounds or elements.

Hint 4

Skin synthesizes vitamin D

Front 5

adip/o

Back 5

fat

Hint 5

adiposis - abnormal condition of fat.

Front 6

lip/o

Back 6

fat

Hint 6

lipocele - hernia containing fat

Front 7

steat/o

Back 7

fat

Hint 7

steatitis - inflammation of fatty tissue.

Front 8

cutane/o

Back 8

skin

Hint 8

subcutaneous - pertaining to beneath the skin

Front 9

dermat/o

Back 9

skin

Hint 9

dermatoplasty - surgical repair of the skin.

Front 10

derm/o

Back 10

skin

Hint 10

hypodermic - pertaining to under the skin. A hypodermic injection is when the needle is injected underneath the skin.

Front 11

hidr/o

Back 11

sweat

Hint 11

hidradenitis - inflammation of the sweat glands.

Front 12

sudor/o

Back 12

sweat

Hint 12

sudoresis - profuse sweating

Front 13

ichthy/o

Back 13

dry; scaly

Hint 13

ichthyosis - abnormal condition of dry of scaly skin. Can be any of several dermatological conditions.

Front 14

kerat/o

Back 14

horny tissue; hard; cornea

Hint 14

keratosis - abnormal condition of horny tissue. It is a thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin such as a callus or wart.

Front 15

mealn/o

Back 15

black

Hint 15

melanoma - black tumor

Front 16

myc/o

Back 16

fungus

Hint 16

dermatomycosis - fungal infection of the skin.

Front 17

onych/o

Back 17

nail

Hint 17

onychomalacia - softening of the nails

Front 18

ungu/o

Back 18

nail

Hint 18

ungual - pertaining to the nails

Front 19

pil/o

Back 19

hair

Hint 19

pilonidal - pertaining to hair in a nest.

'nid' - nest

A pilonidal cyst commonly develops in the skin and the base of the spine. It develops as a growth of hair in a dermoid cyst.

Front 20

trich/o

Back 20

hair

Hint 20

trichopathy - disease involving hair.

Front 21

scler/o

Back 21

hardening; sclera (white of the eye)

Hint 21

scleroderma - hardening of the skin. It is an autoimmune disorder that causes the skin and internal organs to become progressively hardened due to deposits of collagen.

Front 22

seb/o

Back 22

sebum (pus)

Hint 22

seborrhea - discharge of sebum.

Front 23

squam/o

Back 23

scale

Hint 23

squamous - pertaining to scales or covered in scales.

Front 24

xen/o

Back 24

foreign, strange

Hint 24

xenograft - skin transplantation from a foreign donor (usually a pig) to protect the patient from infection and fluid loss. Also called a heterograft.

Front 25

xer/o

Back 25

dry

Hint 25

xeroderma - dry skin. Is a chronic skin condition of dryness and roughness of the skin and is a mild form of ichthyosis.

Front 26

-cyte

Back 26

cell

Hint 26

lipocyte - a fat cell.

Front 27

-derma

Back 27

skin

Hint 27

pyoderma - pus in the skin. Is an acute, inflammatory bacterial dermatitis.

'py/o' pus

Front 28

-therapy

Back 28

treatment

Hint 28

cryotherapy - use of cold in the treatment of a disorder. Is used to destroy tissue by freezing with liquid nitrogen. Used for cutaneous warts and actinic keratosis.

Front 29

an-

Back 29

without, not

Hint 29

anhidrosis - abnormal condition of absence of sweat.

Front 30

dia-

Back 30

through, across

Hint 30

diaphoresis - excessive or profuse sweating.

Front 31

epi-

Back 31

above, upon

Hint 31

epidermis - above the skin. The outer most layer.

Front 32

homo-

Back 32

same

Hint 32

homograft - transplantation of tissue between individuals of the same species. Also called an allograft.

Front 33

hyper-

Back 33

excessive, above normal

Hint 33

hyperhidrosis - excessive or profuse sweating.

Front 34

sub-

Back 34

under, below

Hint 34

subungual - pertaining to beneath the nail of a finger or toe.

Front 35

abcess

Back 35

Localized collection of pus at the site of an infection (characteristically a staphylococcal infection)

Hint 35

When an access originates in a hair follicle, it is called a furnace, or boil. A cluster of boils result in the formation of a carbuncle.

Front 36

acne

Back 36

Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin. Characteristic lesions include blackheads, inflammatory papules, nodules, and cysts. Usually associate with seborrhea.

Hint 36

Acne results from thickening of the follicular opening, increase sebum production, and the presence of bacteria. Face, neck, and shoulders are the most commonly affected regions.

Front 37

alopecia

Back 37

Partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anticancer medication, or skin disease.

Hint 37

Baldness

Front 38

Bowen disease

Back 38

Form of intrepidermal carcinoma (squamous cell) characterized by red-brown scaly crusted lesions that resemble a patch of psoriasis or dermatitis.

Front 39

cellulitis

Back 39

Diffuse, acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.

Hint 39

Characterized by a light glossy appearance of skin, localized heat, redness, pain, swelling, and occasionally fever, malaise, and chills.

Front 40

chloasma

Back 40

Pigmentary skin discoloration usually in yellowish brown patches or spots.

Front 41

comedo

Back 41

Typical small skin lesion of acne caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin.

Hint 41

The closed from of comedo is called a whitehead.

Front 42

dermatomycosis

Back 42

Infection of the skin caused by fungi.

Hint 42

A common type is ringworm.

Front 43

ecchymosis

Back 43

Skin discoloration consisting of large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow.

Hint 43

Commonly called a bruise.

Front 44

eczema

Back 44

Chronic skin inflammation characterize by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, scabs, and possible itching.

Front 45

erythema

Back 45

Redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries.

Hint 45

An example is a mild sunburn or nervous blushing.

Front 46

eschar

Back 46

Damaged tissue following a severe burn.

Front 47

impetigo

Back 47

Bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture.

Front 48

keratosis

Back 48

Thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth of the skin (such as a callus or wart).

Front 49

lentigo

Back 49

Small brown macules, especially on the face and arms, brought on by sun exposure, usually in middle-ages or older people.

Hint 49

These pigmented lesions are benign and no treatment is necessary.

Front 50

pallor

Back 50

Unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin.

Front 51

pediculosis

Back 51

Infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact of common use of brushes, combs, headgear.

Hint 51

pedicul - lice

Front 52

petechia

Back 52

MInute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin.

Hint 52

A smaller version of ecchymosis (bruise)

Front 53

pressure ulcer

Back 53

Skin ulceration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents bloodflow to the tissues, usually in bed ridden patients.

Hint 53

Most commonly found in the skin overlying bony projections such as the hip, ankle, shoulder, and elbow.

Front 54

pruritus

Back 54

Intense itching

Front 55

psoriasis

Back 55

Chronic skin disease characterized by circumscribed red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery, adherent scales caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis.

Hint 55

New lesions tend to appear at sites of trauma. May be found in any location but most commonly the scalp, knees, elbows, umbilicus, and genitals.

Front 56

purpura

Back 56

Any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes, producing ecchmoses or petechiae.

Hint 56

Hemorrhage into the skin shows red darkening into purple and then brownish yellow and finally disappearing in 2-3 weeks. Areas of discoloration do not disappear under pressure.

Front 57

scabies

Back 57

Contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact.

Hint 57

Manifests as papules, vesicles, pustules, and burrows and causes intense itching commonly resulting in secondary infections. Axillae, genitalia, inner thighs, and between the fingers are the most commonly affected areas.

Front 58

tinea

Back 58

Fungal skin infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; also called ringworm.

Hint 58

tinea barbae - beard
tinea corporis - body
tinea pedis - athletes foot

Front 59

urtucaria

Back 59

Allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives.

Front 60

verruca

Back 60

Epidermal growth caused by a virus; also known as warts. Types include, plantar, juvenile, and venereal.

Hint 60

May be removed by cryosurgery, electrocautery, or acids. However they may regrow if the virus remains int he skin.

Front 61

vitiligo

Back 61

Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches.

Front 62

skin test

Back 62

Any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patients sensitivity to it.

Front 63

intradermal skin test

Back 63

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for subsequent reaction.

Hint 63

Used to determine immunity to diphtheria or TB.

Front 64

patch skin test

Back 64

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by topical application of the substance to be tested (food, pollen, animal fur), usually on the forearm.

Front 65

scratch skin test

Back 65

SKin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of skin.

Hint 65

Redness or swelling within 10 minutes indicates an allergy.

Front 66

chemical peel

Back 66

Chemical removal of the outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses.

Hint 66

Also commonly used for cosmetic purposes to remove fine wrinkles on the face.

Front 67

debridement

Back 67

Removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents.

Hint 67

Used to promote healing and prevent infection.

Front 68

dermabrasion

Back 68

Rubbing using wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away the epidermis.

Hint 68

Commonly used to remove acne scars, tattoos, and scar tissue.

Front 69

fulguration

Back 69

Tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current.

Front 70

cryosurgery

Back 70

Use of subfreezing temperature to destroy or climate abnormal tissue, such as tumors, warts, cancerous or infected tissue.

Front 71

skin graft

Back 71

Surgical procedure to transplant healthy tissue by applying it to an injured site.

Front 72

allograft

Back 72

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person; also called homograft.

Hint 72

The skin donor is usually a cadaver. The graft is temporary and is used to prevent infection and fluid loss.

Front 73

autograft

Back 73

Transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual.

Front 74

synthetic graft

Back 74

Transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern allowing the healing skin to grow into it as it gradually disintegrates.

Front 75

xenograft

Back 75

Transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human; also called a heterograft.

Hint 75

It is a temporary graft to prevent infection and fluid loss.

Front 76

BCC

Back 76

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Front 77

CA

Back 77

Cancer; chronological age; cardiac arrest

Front 78

decub

Back 78

Ulcer

Front 79

derm

Back 79

Dermatology

Front 80

ID

Back 80

Intradermal

Front 81

IMP

Back 81

Impression (Diagnosis)

Front 82

IV

Back 82

Intravenous

Front 83

Sub-Q

Back 83

Subcutaneous Injection