Medical Terminology Chapter 3

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albin/o

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white

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bi/o

Back 2

life

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cry/o

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cold

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cutane/o

Back 4

skin

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cyan/o

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blue

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derm/o

Back 6

skin

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dermat/o

Back 7

skin

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diaphor/o

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profuse sweating

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electr/o

Back 9

electricity

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erythr/o

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red

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hidr/o

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sweat

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icthy/o

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scaly, dry

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kerat/o

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hard, horny

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leuk/o

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white

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lip/o

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fat

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melan/o

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black

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myc/o

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fungus

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necr/o

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death

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onych/o

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nail

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pil/o

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hair

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phot/o

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light

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py/o

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pus

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rhytid/o

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wrinkle

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scler/o

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hard

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seb/o

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oil

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trich/o

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hair

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ungu/o

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nail

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vesic/o

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bladder

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xer/o

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dry

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-derma

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skin

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-opsy

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view of

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-tome

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instrument used to cut

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allo-

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other, different from usual

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xeno-

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strange, foreign

Front 35

What are the accessory organs of the skin?

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sebaceous glands
sweat glands
hair
nails

Front 36

What are the 3 names for the skin?

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integumentary system
integument
cutaneous membrane

Front 37

___ that detect temperature, pain, touch, and pressure are located in the skin

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Sensory receptors

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___ is the thin, outer membrane layer of the skin

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Epidermis

Front 39

___ is the middle, fibrous connective tissue layer of the skin

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Dermis

Front 40

The ___ is the innermost layer of the skin, containing fatty tissue

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subcutaneous layer

Front 41

The epidermis is composed of what type of tissue?

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Stratified squamous epithelium

Front 42

The deepest layer within the epidermis is called the ___

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basal layer

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___ is a hard substance produced by the body. It is found in hair and nails, and filling the inside of epidermal cells

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Keratin

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The basal layer of the skin contains special cells called ___, which produce the black pigment ___

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melanocytes
melanin

Front 45

The ___ or ___, is the middle layer of skin, located between the epidermis and the subcutaneous layer

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dermis or corium

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The dermis is living tissue with a very good ___ and is composed of connective tissue and ___

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blood supply
collagen fibers

Front 47

The 3rd and deepest layer of the skin is the ___

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subcutaneous layer

Front 48

4 accessory organs of the dermis are:

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hair
nails
sebaceous glands
sweat glands

Front 49

What are the 6 parts of the nails?

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nail body
nail bed
nail root
cuticle
free edge
lunula

Front 50

About 2 million sweat glands, also called ___, are found throughout the body. These highly coiled glands are located in the dermis

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sudoriferous glands

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The sweat glands in the pubic and underarm regions are called ___

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apocrine glands

Front 52

A scraping away of the skin surface by friction

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abrasion

Front 53

A scar

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cicatrix

Front 54

Collection of hardened sebum in a hair follicle, aka a blackhead

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comedo

Front 55

Injury caused by a blow to the body; causes swelling, pain, and bruising. The skin is not broken.

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contusion

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Bluish tint to the skin caused by deoxygenated blood

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cyanosis

Front 57

Loss of normal skin color or pigment

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depigmentation

Front 58

Branch of medicine involving diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the integumentary system

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dermatology

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Profuse sweating

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diaphoresis

Front 60

Skin discoloration causesd by blood collecting under the skin following blunt trauma to the skin. A bruise.

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ecchymosis

Front 61

Redness or flushing of the skin

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erythema

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A thick layer of dead tissue and tissue fluid that develops over a deep burn area

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eschar

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Excessive hair growth over the body

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hirsutism

Front 64

Redness of the skin due to increased blood flow

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hyperemia

Front 65

Abnormal amount of pigmentation in the skin

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hyperpigmentation

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Formation of a raised and thickened hypertrophic scar after an injury or surgery

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keloid

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Term for any skin condition involving an overgrowth and thickening of the epideris layer

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keratosis

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A general term for a wound, injury, or abnormality

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lesion

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Pigmented skin blemish, birthmark, or mole. Usually benign but may become cancerous.

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nevus

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Abnormal paleness of the skin

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pallor

Front 71

Pinpoint purple or red spots from minute hemorrhages under the skin

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petechiae

Front 72

Condition in which the skin reaccts abnormally when exposed to light, such as the UV rays of the sun

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photosensitivity

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Surgical specialty involved in repair, reconstruction or improvement of body structures such as the skin that are damaged, missing, or misshapen.

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plastic surgery

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Severe itching

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pruritis

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Hemorrhages into the skin due to fragile blood vessels. Commonly seen in elderly people.

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purpura

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Containing pus or an infection that is producing pus

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purulent

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Congenital collection of dilated blood vessels causing a red birthmark that fades a few months after birth

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strawberry hemangioma

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Containing or producing pus

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suppurative

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Also called hives; a skin eruption of pale reddish wheals with severe itching. Usually associated with food allergy, stress, or drug reactions.

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urticaria

Front 80

Commonly called warts; a benign growth caused by a virus. has a rough surface that is removed by chemicals and/or laser therapy

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verruca

Front 81

A diffuse, acute infection and inflammation of the connective tissue found in the skin

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cellulitis

Front 82

Open sore caused by pressure over bony prominences cutting off the blood flow to the overlying skin. These can appear in bedridden patients who lie in one position too long and can be difficult to heal. Also called a bedsore or pressure sore

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decubitus ulcer

Front 83

Late stages of gangrene characterized by the affected area becoming dried, blackened, and shriveled; referred to as mummified.

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dry gangrene

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Superficial dermatitis of unknown cause accompanied by redness, vesicles, itching and crusting

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eczema

Front 85

Tissue necrosis usually due to deficient blood supply

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gangrene

Front 86

Condition in which the skin becomes dry, scaly, and keratinized

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ichthyosis

Front 87

A highly infectious bacterial infection of the skin with pustules that rupture and become crusted over

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impetigo

Front 88

Form of skin cancer frequently seen in AIDS patients. Consists of brownish-purple papules that spread from the skin and metastasize to internal organs

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Kaposi's sarcoma

Front 89

Dangerous form of skin cancer caused by an uncontrolled growth of melanocytes. May quickly metastasize or spread to internal organs.

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malignant melanoma

Front 90

Infestation with lice. The eggs laid by the lice are called nits and cling tightly to hair.

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pediculosis

Front 91

Chronic inflammatory condition consisting of papules forming "silvery scale" patches with circular borders

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psoriasis

Front 92

Contagious viral skin infection. Commonly called German Measles.

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rubella

Front 93

Contagious skin disease caused by an egg-laying mite that burrows through the skin and causes redness and intense itching; often seen in children.

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scabies

Front 94

Sac under the skin filled with sebum or oil from a sebaceous gland. This can grow to a large size and may need to be excised.

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sebaceous cyst

Front 95

Cancer of the epidermis layer of skin that may invade deeper tissue and metastasize. Often begins as a sore that does not heal.

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squamous cell carcinoma

Front 96

Chronic disease of the connective tissue that injures the skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system, and mucous membranes. May produce a characteristic red, scaly butterfly rash across the cheeks and nose.

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systemic lupus erythematosus

Front 97

Fungal skin disease resulting in itching, scaling lesions.

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tinea

Front 98

Fungal infection of the scalp. Commonly called ringworm.

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tinea capitis

Front 99

Fungal infection of the foot. Commonly called athlete's foot.

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tinea pedis

Front 100

Contagious viral skin infection. Commonly called chickenpox.

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varicella

Front 101

Disappearance of pigment from the skin in patches, causing a milk-white appearance. Also called leukoderma.

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vitiligo

Front 102

An area of gangrene that becomes secondarily infected by pus-producing bacteria.

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wet gangrene

Front 103

Absence or loss of hair, especially of the head.
Commonly called baldness.

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alopecia

Front 104

Furuncle involving several hair follicles.

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carbuncle

Front 105

Bacterial infection of a hair follicle. Characterized by redness, pain, and swelling. Also called a boil.

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furuncle

Front 106

Infected nail bed

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onychia

Front 107

Infection of the skin fold around a nail

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paronychia

Front 108

Crack-like lesion or groove on the skin

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fissure

Front 109

A laboratory test that grows a colony of bacteria removed from an infected area in order to identify the specific infecting bacteria and then determine its sensitivity to a variety of antibiotics.

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culture and sensitivity (c & s)

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A piece of tissue is removed by syringe and needle, knife, punch, or brush to examine under a microscope. Used to aid in diagnosis.

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biopsy

Front 111

Scraping cells from tissue and then examining them under a microscope

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exfoliative cytology

Front 112

A thin piece of tissue is cut from a frozen specimin for rapid examination under a microscope

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frozen section

Front 113

Scrapings, taken with a curette or scraper, of tissue from lesions are placed on a growth medium and examined under a microscope to identify fungal growth.

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fungal scrapings

Front 114

Skin graft from one person to another; donor is usually a cadaver

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allograft

Front 115

Skin graft from a person's own body

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autograft

Front 116

Instrument for cutting the skin or thin transplants of skin

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dermatome

Front 117

Skin grafting; transplantation of skin.

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dermatoplasty

Front 118

Skin graft from an animal of another species (usually a pig) to a human. Also called xenograft

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heterograft

Front 119

The transfer of skin from a normal area to cover another site. Used to treat burn victims and afte some surgical procedures. Also called dermatoplasty.

Back 119

skin graft

Front 120

Skin graft from an animal of another species (usually a pig) to a human. Also called a heterograft.

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xenograft

Front 121

Destruction of tissue by using caustic chemicals, electric ccurrents, heat, or by freezing.

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cauterization

Front 122

The use of extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue

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cryosurgery

Front 123

Removal of superficial skin lesions with a curette or scraper

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curettage

Front 124

Removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissue from a wound

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debridement

Front 125

To destroy tissue with an electric current

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electrocautery

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Making an incision to create an opening for the drainage of material such as pus

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incision and drainage

Front 127

Abrasion using chemicals. Also called a chemical peel.

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chemabrasion

Front 128

Abrasion or rubbing using wire brushes or sandpaper. Performed to remove acne scars, tattoos, and scar tissue.

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dermabrasion

Front 129

Removal of skin lesions and birthmarks using a laser beam that emits intense heat and power at a close range. The laser converts frequencies of light into one small, powerful beam.

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laser therapy

Front 130

Removal of fat beneath the skin by means of suction

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liposuction

Front 131

Surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles. Commonly referred to as a face lift.

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rhytidectomy

Front 132

Removal of skin lesions and birthmarks using a laser beam that emits intense heat and power at a close range. The laser converts frequencies of light into one small, powerful beam.

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laser therapy

Front 133

Applied to the skin to deaden pain

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anesthetics

Front 134

Removal of fat beneath the skin by means of suction

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liposuction

Front 135

Kill fungi infecting the skin

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antifungals

Front 136

Kill mites or lice

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antiparasitics

Front 137

Kill bacteria causing skin infections

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antibiotics

Front 138

Reduce severe itching

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antipruritics

Front 139

used to kill bacteria in skin cuts and wounds or at a surgical site

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antiseptics

Front 140

Treats herpes simplex infection

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anti-virals

Front 141

Specific type of powerful anti-inflammatory cream

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corticosteroid cream

Front 142

A collection of pus in the skin

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abcess

Front 143

Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles resulting in papules and pustules

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acne

Front 144

Chronic form of acne seen in adults involving redness, tiny pimples, and broken blood vessels, primarily in the nose and cheeks

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acne rosacea

Front 145

Common form of acne seen in teenagers. Characterized by comedo, papules, and pustules

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acne vulgaris

Front 146

A genetic condition in which the body is unable to make melanin. Characterized by white hair and skin and red pupils due to the lack of pigment.

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albinism

Front 147

Cancerous tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis. A frequent type of skin cancer that rarely metastasizes or spreads. These cancers can arise on sun exposed skin.

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basal cell carcinoma

Front 148

pertaining to under the skin

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subcutaneous

Front 149

pertaining to upon the skin

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epidermal

Front 150

pertaining to under the skin

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hypodermic

Front 151

pertaining to within the skin

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intradermal

Front 152

specialist in skin

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dermatologist

Front 153

abnormal condition of the skin

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dermatosis

Front 154

skin disease

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dermatopathy

Front 155

surgical repair of skin

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dermatoplasty

Front 156

abnormal condition of no sweat

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anhidrosis

Front 157

abnormal condition of excessive sweat

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hyperhidrosis

Front 158

removal of fat

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lipectomy

Front 159

fatty mass

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lipoma

Front 160

black tumor

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melanoma

Front 161

black cell

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melanocyte

Front 162

abnormal condition of death

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necrosis

Front 163

removal of a nail

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onychectomy

Front 164

softening of nails

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onychomalacia

Front 165

abnormal condition of nail fungus

Back 165

onychomycosis

Front 166

nail eating (biting)

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onychophagia

Front 167

pus forming

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pyogenic

Front 168

removal of wrinkles

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rhytidectomy

Front 169

surgical repair of wrinkles

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rhytidoplasty

Front 170

oily discharge

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seborrhea