Medical Terminology Chapter 13

Front 1

8 glands of endocrine system

Back 1

Pituitary

Thyroid

Islets of langerhans

Ovaries (females)

Pineal

Parathyroid

Adrenal

Testes (male)

Front 2

Function of endocrine system

Back 2

Production and regulation of chemical substances (hormones) that play an essential role in maintaining homeostasis

Front 3

Hormone

Back 3

Chemical transmitter that is released in small amounts

Front 4

Function of Hypothalamus

Back 4

Synthesizes and secretes releasing hormones, releasing factors, release inhibiting hormones and factors

Front 5

Why is the pituitary gland known as the master gland of the body

Back 5

Because of its regulatory effects on other endocrine glands

Front 6

Another name for anterior lobe of pituitary gland

Back 6

Adenohypophysis

Front 7

Name the 7 hormones of the anterior lobe of the anterior pituitary gland

Back 7

Growth hormone (GH)

Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Leutinizing hormone (LH)

Prolactin (PL)

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSG)

Front 8

Posterior lobe is called

Back 8

Neurohypophysis

Front 9

2 hormones secreted by posterior lobe

Back 9

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Oxytocin

Front 10

2 hormones secreted by the pineal gland

Back 10

Melatonin

Serotonin

Front 11

Role of thyroid gland

Back 11

Metabolism and regulated the body's metabolic processes

Front 12

3 hormones secreted by Thyroid gland

Back 12

Thyroxine (T4)

Triidothyronine (T3)

Calcitonin

Front 13

Parathyroid (parathormone hormone) is essential for the maintenance of a normal level of what

Back 13

Serum calcium

Front 14

Parathyroid hormone plays a role in the metabolism of what

Back 14

Phosphorous

Front 15

Insulin is important for the maintenance of a normal level of

Back 15

Blood sugar

Front 16

3 groups of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex

Back 16

Glucocorticoids

Mineralocorticoids

Androgens

Front 17

4 functions of cortisol

Back 17

1. Regulates carbs, protein, and fat metabolism

2. Stimulates output of glucose from liver

3. Increase blood sugar level

4.Regulate other physiological body processes

Front 18

Stimulation of glucose output from liver

Back 18

gluconeogenesis

Front 19

4 functions of corticosterone

Back 19

1. Use of carbs

2. Absorption of glucose

3. gluconeogenesis

4. Potassium and sodium metabolism

Front 20

What is the principal Mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex

Back 20

Aldosterone

Front 21

Androgen

Back 21

Substance or hormone that promotes the development of male characteristics

Front 22

3 main catecholamines synthesized, secreted and stored in the adrenal cortex

Back 22

1. Dopamine

2. Epinephrine

3. Norepinephrine

Front 23

Ovaries produce what 2 hormones

Back 23

Estrogen

Progesterone

Front 24

3 functions of the hormone epinephrine

Back 24

1. Elevates systolic blood pressure

2. Increases heart rate and cardiac output

3. Increases glycogenesis, thereby hastening release of glucose from liver. This elevates blood sugar level and provides body with a spurt of energy

Front 25

What hormone do the testes produce

Back 25

Testosterone

Front 26

2 hormones secreted by the thymus

Back 26

1.thymocin

2. thymopoietin

Front 27

4 hormones secreted by gastrointestinal mucosa

Back 27

Cholycystokinin (pancreozymin) Enterogastrone

Gastrin

Secretin

Front 28

Dia

Back 28

Through

Front 29

Eu

Back 29

Normal, good

Front 30

Exo

Back 30

Out, away from

Front 31

Hypo

Back 31

Deficient, under

Front 32

Pro

Back 32

Before

Front 33

Hydro

Back 33

Water

Front 34

Endo

Back 34

Within

Front 35

Ex

Back 35

Out, away from

Front 36

Hyper

Back 36

Excessive

Front 37

Para

Back 37

Beside

Front 38

Epi

Back 38

Upon

Front 39

Acid/o

Back 39

Acid

Front 40

Aden/o

Back 40

Gland

Front 41

Andr/o

Back 41

Man

Front 42

Crin/o

Back 42

To secrete

Front 43

Galact/o

Back 43

Milk

Front 44

Gigant/o

Back 44

Giant

Front 45

Gonad/o

Back 45

Seed

Front 46

Insulin/o

Back 46

Insulin

Front 47

Myx/o

Back 47

Mucus

Front 48

Test/o

Back 48

Testicle

Front 49

Thyr/o

Back 49

Thyroid, shield

Front 50

Viril/o

Back 50

Masculine

Front 51

Acr/o

Back 51

Extremity, point

Front 52

adren/o

Back 52

Adrenal gland

Front 53

Cortic/o

Back 53

Cortex

Front 54

Estr/o

Back 54

Mad desire

Front 55

Ger/o

Back 55

Old age

Front 56

Gluc/o

Back 56

Sweet, sugar

Front 57

Hirsut/o

Back 57

Hairy

Front 58

Kal/i

Back 58

Potassium (K)

Front 59

Pancreat/o

Back 59

Pancreas

Front 60

Thym/o

Back 60

Thymus

Front 61

Toxic/o

Back 61

Poison

Front 62

Al

Back 62

Pertaining to

Front 63

Ar

Back 63

Pertaining to

Front 64

Ectomy

Back 64

Surgical excision

Front 65

Emia

Back 65

Blood condition

Front 66

Ia

Back 66

Condition

Front 67

Ism

Back 67

Condition

Front 68

Itis

Back 68

Inflammation

Front 69

One

Back 69

Hormone

Front 70

Oid

Back 70

Resemble

Front 71

Osis

Back 71

Condition

Front 72

Ine

Back 72

Substance

Front 73

In

Back 73

Chemical

Front 74

Y

Back 74

Pertaining to

Front 75

Gen

Back 75

Formation, produce

Front 76

Betes

Back 76

to go

Front 77

Edema

Back 77

Swelling

Front 78

Genic

Back 78

Formation, produce

Front 79

Ic

Back 79

Pertaining to

Front 80

Ist

Back 80

One who specializes

Front 81

Logy

Back 81

Study of

Front 82

Megaly

Back 82

Enlargement, large

Front 83

Oma

Back 83

Tumor

Front 84

Pathy

Back 84

Disease

Front 85

Physis

Back 85

Growth

Front 86

Rrhea

Back 86

Flow, discharge

Front 87

Any disease of a gland

Back 87

Adenosis

Front 88

Congenital deficiency in secretion of the thyroid characterized by arrested physical and mental development

Back 88

Cretinism

Front 89

General term used to describe disease characterized by excessive discharge of urine

Back 89

Diabetes

Front 90

Study of the endocrine system

Back 90

Endocrinology

Front 91

Normal activity of the thyroid gland

Back 91

Euthyroid

Front 92

Pertains to a type of gland that secretes into ducts (duct glands)

Back 92

Exocrine

Front 93

Pathological condition of being abnormally large

Back 93

Gigantism

Front 94

General classification of the adrenal cortex hormones

Back 94

Glucocorticoid

Front 95

Condition of excessive amounts of potassium in the blood

Back 95

Hyperkalemia

Front 96

Condition caused by deficient internal secretion of the gonads

Back 96

Hypogonadism

Front 97

Pertaining to drowsiness, sluggishness

Back 97

Lethargic

Front 98

Inflammation of the thymus

Back 98

Thymitis

Front 99

Also called antidiuretic hormone, ADH

Back 99

Vasopressin

Front 100

Synpathomimetic hormones epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine

Back 100

Catecholamines

Front 101

Acts to regulate the metabolism of glucose

Back 101

Insulin

Front 102

Hormone produced by the thyroid

Back 102

Thyroxine

Front 103

Essential in regulating electrolyte and water balance by promoting sodium and chloride Reabsorption and potassium excretion

Back 103

aldosterone

Front 104

Hormones that produce or stimulate the development of male characteristics

Back 104

Androgen

Front 105

Glucocorticoid (steroid) hormone used as an anti-inflammatory agent

Back 105

Cortisone

Front 106

Intermediate substance in the synthesis of norepinephrine

Back 106

Dopamine

Front 107

Also called adrenaline

Back 107

Epinephrine

Front 108

Trace mineral that aids in the development and functioning of the thyroid gland

Back 108

Iodine

Front 109

Disease that results from the hypersecretion of cortisol

Back 109

Cushing

Front 110

2 characteristics of Cushing disease are

Back 110

Buffalo hump

Moon face

Front 111

Excessive thirst

Back 111

Polydipsia

Front 112

Extreme hunger

Back 112

Polyphagia

Front 113

Frequent urination

Back 113

Polyuria

Front 114

FBS

Back 114

fasting blood sugar

Front 115

Blood test to test for diabetes

Back 115

H6 A1C

Front 116

Protrusion of eyeballs is indicative of

Back 116

Exopthalmic goiter

Front 117

Exopthalmic goiter

Back 117

Graves disease

Front 118

Symptoms of Graves disease

Back 118

Eye problems including

1.bulging, red, swollen eyes

2. Sensitivity to light

3.blurring our double vision

Front 119

Pertaining to the adrenal glands. Also called myocardial glands

Back 119

Adrenal

Front 120

Glucocorticoid hormone secreted by adrenal cortex

Back 120

Cortisone

Front 121

Condition of being abnormally small

Back 121

Dwarfism

Front 122

Pathological condition of being abnormally large

Back 122

Gigantism

Front 123

Abnormal condition characterized by excessive growth of hair

Back 123

Hirsutism

Front 124

Literally means an undergrowth. Also called the pituitary gland

Back 124

Hypophysis

Front 125

Hormones produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans

Back 125

Insulin

Front 126

Pertains to drowsiness, sluggishness

Back 126

Lethargic

Front 127

Literally means condition of mucus swelling

Back 127

Myxedema

Front 128

Endocrine glands shaped like a small pinecone

Back 128

Pineal

Front 129

Any disease condition of a gland

Back 129

Adenosis

Front 130

Hormones that produce the development of male characteristics

Back 130

Androgen

Front 131

Excessive secretion of milk after cessation of nursing

Back 131

Galactorrhea

Front 132

Formation of the production of insulin

Back 132

Insulinogenic

Front 133

Surgical excision of the thymus gland

Back 133

Thymectomy

Front 134

Endocrine gland located in the neck

Back 134

Thyroid

Front 135

Characterized (in adults) by marked enlargement and elongation of the bone, face, jaw, and extremities.

Back 135

Acromegy

Front 136

General term used to describe diseases characterised by excessive discharge of urine

Back 136

Diabetes

Front 137

Hormone produced by the adrenal medulla. Also called adrenaline.

Back 137

Epinephrine

Front 138

Pathological condition in which the thyroid gland produced inadequate amounts of thyroid hormone is

Back 138

Hypothyroidism

Front 139

Pathological condition of premature old age occurring in childhood

Back 139

Progeria

Front 140

Pathological condition in which secondary male characteristics are produced in the female

Back 140

Virilism

Front 141

3 classic symptoms of diabetes mellitus

Back 141

1. Polydipsia

2. Polynesia

3. Polyuria

Front 142

A BMI over what may indicate higher risk of developing diabetes

Back 142

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