Medical Terminology, Chapter 13

Front 1

The ear contains the sensory receptors for ___ and ___

Back 1

hearing
equilibrium

Front 2

What are the 4 structures of the ear?

Back 2

auricle
external ear
inner ear
middle ear

Front 3

acous/o

Back 3

hearing

Front 4

audi/o

Back 4

hearing

Front 5

audit/o

Back 5

hearing

Front 6

aur/o

Back 6

ear

Front 7

auricul/o

Back 7

ear

Front 8

cerumin/o

Back 8

cerumen

Front 9

cochle/o

Back 9

cochlea

Front 10

labyrinth/o

Back 10

labyrinth (inner ear)

Front 11

myring/o

Back 11

eardrum

Front 12

ot/o

Back 12

ear

Front 13

salping/o

Back 13

eustachian tube

Front 14

staped/o

Back 14

stapes

Front 15

tympan/o

Back 15

eardrum, middle ear

Front 16

The 3 combining forms for ear

Back 16

aur/o
auricul/o
ot/o

Front 17

The 3 combining forms for hearing

Back 17

acous/o
audi/o
audit/o

Front 18

The 2 combining forms for eardrum

Back 18

myring/o
tympan/o

Front 19

-cusis

Back 19

hearing

Front 20

-otia

Back 20

ear condition

Front 21

The study of the ear is referred to as ___, and the study of hearing disorders is called ___

Back 21

otology
audiology

Front 22

Hearing and sensory information is carried to the brain by cranial nerve VIII, the ___ nerve. This nerve is divided into two major branches, the ___ carries hearing information, and the ___ carries equilibrium information.

Back 22

vestibulocochlear
cochlear
vestibular

Front 23

What are the 3 divisions of the ear?

Back 23

1. external ear
2. middle ear
3. inner ear

Front 24

What are the 3 parts of the external ear?

Back 24

1. auricle
2. auditory canal
3. tympanic membrane

Front 25

The ___ or ___ is what is commonly referred to as the ear because this is the only visible portion.

Back 25

auricle or pinna

Front 26

The auricle with its earlobe has a unique shape in each person and functions like a funnel to capture sound waves as they go past the outer ear and channel them through the ___

Back 26

external auditory meatus

Front 27

Sound moves along the auditory canal and causes the ___ or ___ to vibrate.

Back 27

tympanic membrane
or eardrum

Front 28

The ___ separates the external ear from the middle ear

Back 28

tympanic membrane

Front 29

Ear wax or ___ is produced in oil glands in the auditory canal, it helps protect and lubricate the ear.

Back 29

cerumen

Front 30

The ___ is located in a small cavity in the ___ bone of the skull

Back 30

middle ear
temporal

Front 31

The air-filled cavity of the middle ear contains 3 tiny bones called ___

Back 31

ossicles

Front 32

What are the 3 ossicles?

Back 32

malleus
incus
stapes

Front 33

The stapes, the last of the 3 ossicles, is attached to a very thin membrane that covers the opening to the inner ear called the ___

Back 33

oval window

Front 34

The ___ or ___ connects the nasopharynx with the middle ear

Back 34

eustachian tube
auditory tube

Front 35

The ___ is located in a cavity within the temporal bone, it is fluid -filled and referred to as the ___ because of its shape.

Back 35

inner ear
labyrinth

Front 36

Within the inner ear, the labyrinth contains the hearing and equilibrium sensory organs: the ___ for hearing and the ___, ___ and ___ for equilibrium.

Back 36

cochlea (hearing)

semicircular canals, utricle, and saccule (equilibrium)

Front 37

Each of the organs in the labyrinth contains hair cells, which are the actual sensory receptor cells. In the cochlea, the hair cells are referred to as ___

Back 37

organs of Corti

Front 38

Hearing loss can be divided into 2 main categories: ___ and ___

Back 38

conductive hearing loss
sensorineural hearing loss

Front 39

The type of hearing loss caused by disease or malformation of the outer or middle ear.

Back 39

conductive hearing loss

Front 40

The type of hearing loss that is the result of damage or malformation of the inner ear (cochlea) or the cochlear nerve.

Back 40

sensorineural hearing loss

Front 41

pertaining to hearing (2)

Back 41

acoustic
auditory

Front 42

record of hearing

Back 42

audiogram

Front 43

instrument to measure hearing

Back 43

audiometer

Front 44

hearing specialist

Back 44

audiologist

Front 45

pertaining to the ear (3)

Back 45

aural
auricular
otic

Front 46

pertaining to the cochlea

Back 46

cochlear

Front 47

removal of the labyrinth

Back 47

labyrinthectomy

Front 48

incision into the labyrinth

Back 48

labyrinthotomy

Front 49

eardrum inflammation (2)

Back 49

myringitis
tympanitis

Front 50

removal of the eardrum

Back 50

myringectomy

Front 51

surgical repair of the eardrum (2)

Back 51

myringoplasty
tympanoplasty

Front 52

ear pain

Back 52

otalgia

Front 53

ear inflammation

Back 53

otitis

Front 54

abnormal condition of ear fungus

Back 54

otomycosis

Front 55

ear specialist

Back 55

otologist

Front 56

pus discharge from ear

Back 56

otopyorrhea

Front 57

bleeding from the ear

Back 57

otorrhagia

Front 58

instrument to view inside the ear

Back 58

otoscope

Front 59

surgical repair of the (external) ear

Back 59

otoplasty

Front 60

eustachian tube inflammation

Back 60

salpingitis

Front 61

incision into eustachian tube

Back 61

salpingotomy

Front 62

instrument to measure eardrum

Back 62

tympanometer

Front 63

eardrum rupture

Back 63

tympanorrhexis

Front 64

incision into the eardrum

Back 64

tympanotomy

Front 65

removal of the eardrum

Back 65

tympanectomy

Front 66

(abnormally) small ears

Back 66

microtia

Front 67

(abnormally) large ears

Back 67

macrotia

Front 68

Nonverbal method of communicating in which the hands and fingers are used to indicate words and concepts

Back 68

American Sign Language (ASL)

Front 69

Referring to both ears

Back 69

binaural

Front 70

Measures of the frequency or pitch of sound

Back 70

hertz (Hz)

Front 71

Referring to one ear

Back 71

monaural

Front 72

Branch of medicine involving the diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the ear, nose, and throat.

Back 72

otorhinolaryngology (ENT)

Front 73

Normal loss of hearing that can accompany the aging process

Back 73

presbycusis

Front 74

Amount of hearing that is still present after damage has occurred to the auditory mechanism.

Back 74

residual hearing

Front 75

Ringing in the ears

Back 75

tinnitus

Front 76

Dizziness

Back 76

vertigo

Front 77

Total absence of hearing; inablility to perceive sound. Aka deafness

Back 77

anacusis

Front 78

Inability to hear or having some degree of hearing impairment.

Back 78

deafness

Front 79

Excessive accumulation of ear wax resulting in a hard wax plug. Sound becomes muffled.

Back 79

ceruminoma

Front 80

External ear infection. Most commonly caused by fungus. Aka otomycosis and swimmer's ear.

Back 80

otitis externa (OE)

Front 81

Seen frequently in children; commonly referred to as a middle ear infection.

Back 81

otitis media (OM)

Front 82

Loss of motility of the stapes bone, leading to progressive hearing loss.

Back 82

otosclerosis

Front 83

Benign tumor of the 8th cranial nerve sheath. The pressure causes symptoms such as tinnitus, headache, dizziness, and progressive hearing loss.

Back 83

acoustic neuroma

Front 84

May affect both the hearing and equilibrium portions of the inner ear. Aka inner ear infection.

Back 84

labyrinthitis

Front 85

Abnormal condition within the labyrinth of the innner ear that can lead to a progressive loss of hearing. The symptoms are dizziness or vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus.

Back 85

Meniere's disease

Front 86

Test of hearing ability by determining the lowest and highest intensity (decibels) and frequencies (hertz) that a person can distinguish.

Back 86

audiometry

Front 87

These tests assess both nerve and bone conduction of sound

Back 87

Rinne and Weber tuning-fork tests

Front 88

Examination of the ear canal, eardrum, and outer ear using an otoscope.

Back 88

otoscopy

Front 89

Measurement of the movement of the tympanic membrane. Can indicate the presence of pressure in the middle ear.

Back 89

tympanometry

Front 90

Test used to observe balance and equilibrium.

Back 90

falling test

Front 91

Apparatus or mechanical device used by persons with impaired hearing to amplify sound. Aka an amplification device.

Back 91

hearing aid

Front 92

Mechanical device surgically placed under the skin behind the outer ear (pinna) that converts sound signals into magnetic impulses to stimulate the auditory nerve.

Back 92

cochlear implant

Front 93

Surgical puncture of the eardrum with removal of fluid and pus from the middle ear to eliminate a persistent ear infection and excessive pressure on the tympanic membrane.

Back 93

myringotomy

Front 94

Small tube surgically placed in a child's eardrum to assist in drainage of trapped fluid and to equalize pressure between the middle ear cavity and the atmosphere.

Back 94

pressure equalizing tube

Front 95

Removal of the stapes bone to treat otosclerosis (hardening of the bone). A prosthesis or artificial stapes may be implanted.

Back 95

stapedectomy

Front 96

Eardrops to treat otitis externa

Back 96

antibiotic otic solution

Front 97

Medications that are effective in treating the nausea associated with vertigo.

Back 97

antiemetics

Front 98

Reduces inflammation, itching, and edema associated with otitis externa.

Back 98

anti-inflammatory otic solution

Front 99

Substances used to soften ear wax to prevent buildup within the external ear canal.

Back 99

wax emulsifiers