Medical Terminology Chapter 12-14

Front 1

sclera*

Back 1

outer protective layer of the eye; the portion seen on the anterior portion of th eyeball is referred to as the white of the eye

Front 2

cornea*

Back 2

transparent anterior part of the sclera, which is in front of the aqueous humor and lies over the iris

Front 3

iris*

Back 3

the pigmented muscular structure that allows light to pass through

Front 4

pupil*

Back 4

opening in the center of the iris

Front 5

lens*

Back 5

lies directly behind the pupil. Its function is to focus and bend light.

Front 6

retina*

Back 6

innermost layer of the eye, which contains the vision receptors

Front 7

aqueous humor*

Back 7

watery liquid found in the anterior cavity of the eye

Front 8

vitreous humor*

Back 8

jellylike substance found behind the lens in the posterior cavity of the eye that maintains its shape

Front 9

meibomian glands*

Back 9

oil glands found in the upper and lower edges of the eyelids that help lubricate the eye

Front 10

lacrimal glands and ducts*

Back 10

produce and drain tears

Front 11

optic nerve*

Back 11

carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain

Front 12

conjunctiva*

Back 12

mucous membrane lining the eyelids and covering the anterior portion of the sclera

Front 13

blephar/o*

Back 13

eyelid

Front 14

conjunctiv/o*

Back 14

conjunctiva

Front 15

cor/o, core/o, pupill/o*

Back 15

pupil

Front 16

corne/o, kerat/o*

Back 16

cornea

Front 17

dacry/o,lacrim/o*

Back 17

tear, tear duct

Front 18

irid/o, iri/o*

Back 18

iris

Front 19

ocul/o, opthalm/o*

Back 19

eye

Front 20

opt/o*

Back 20

vision

Front 21

retin/o*

Back 21

retina

Front 22

scler/o*

Back 22

sclera

Front 23

ton/o*

Back 23

tension pressure

Front 24

cry/o

Back 24

cold

Front 25

dipl/o

Back 25

two, double

Front 26

phot/o

Back 26

light

Front 27

bi-,bin-*

Back 27

two

Front 28

-opia*

Back 28

vision

Front 29

-phobia*

Back 29

abnormal fear of or aversion to specific things

Front 30

-plegia*

Back 30

paralysis

Front 31

blepharitis*

Back 31

inflammation of the eyelid

Front 32

blepharoptosis

Back 32

drooping of the eyelid

Front 33

conjunctivitis*

Back 33

inflammation of the conjunctiva -pinkeye

Front 34

dacryocystitis

Back 34

inflammation of the tear sac

Front 35

diplopia*

Back 35

double vision

Front 36

endophthalmitis

Back 36

inflammation within the eye

Front 37

iridoplegia

Back 37

paralysis of the iris

Front 38

iritis

Back 38

inflammation of the iris

Front 39

keratitis

Back 39

inflammation of the cornea

Front 40

leukocoria

Back 40

condition of the white pupil

Front 41

oculomycosis

Back 41

abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus

Front 42

opthalmalgia

Back 42

pain in the eye

Front 43

opthalmoplegia

Back 43

paralysis of the eye

Front 44

*photophobia

Back 44

fear of light, abnormal

Front 45

retinoblastoma

Back 45

tumor arising from a developing retinal cell

Front 46

sclerokeratitis

Back 46

inflammation of the sclera and cornea

Front 47

scleromalacia

Back 47

softening of the sclera

Front 48

astigmatism

Back 48

defective curvature of the refractive surface of the eye

Front 49

cataract*

Back 49

clouding of the lens of the eye

Front 50

chalazion

Back 50

obstruction of an oil gland of the eyelid

Front 51

detached retina

Back 51

separation of the retina from the choriod in the back of the eye

Front 52

emmetropia

Back 52

normal refractive condition of the eye

Front 53

glaucoma

Back 53

eye disorder characterized by optic nerve damage usually caused by the abnormal increase of intraocular pressure. If not treated it will lead to blindness

Front 54

hyperopia

Back 54

farsightedness

Front 55

macular degeneration*

Back 55

a progressive deterioration of the portion of the retina calle the macula lutea resulting in loss of central vision

Front 56

myopia*

Back 56

nearsightedness

Front 57

nyctalopia*

Back 57

poor vision at night or in faint light

Front 58

nystagmus*

Back 58

involuntary, jerking movements of the eyes

Front 59

presbyopia

Back 59

impaired vision as a result of aging

Front 60

pterygium

Back 60

thin tissue growing into the cornea from the conjunctiva, usually caused from sun exposure

Front 61

retinitis pigmentosa

Back 61

hereditary, progressive disease marked by night blindness with atrophy and retinal pigment changes

Front 62

strabismus*

Back 62

abnormal condition of squint or crossed eyes caused by the visual axes not meeting at the same point

Front 63

sty

Back 63

infection of an oil gland in the eyelid

Front 64

fluorescein aniography*

Back 64

process of recording (photographic) blood vessels (of the eye with fluorescing dye

Front 65

keratometer

Back 65

instrument used to measure the cornea - to fit contact lenses

Front 66

ophthalmoscope*

Back 66

instrument used for visual examination of the eye

Front 67

ophthalmoscopy*

Back 67

visual examination of the eye

Front 68

optometry *

Back 68

measurement of vision ( acuity and prescribing of corrective lenses)

Front 69

pupillometer

Back 69

instrument used to measure the diameter of the pupil

Front 70

pupilloscope*

Back 70

instrument used for visual examination of the pupil

Front 71

tonometer*

Back 71

instrument used to measure pressure within the eye, used to diagnose glaucoma

Front 72

tonometry*

Back 72

measurement of pressure(within the eye

Front 73

binoclear*

Back 73

pertaining to two or both eyes

Front 74

corneal*

Back 74

pertaining to the cornea

Front 75

intraocular*

Back 75

pertaining to within the eye

Front 76

lacrimal*

Back 76

pertaining to tears or tear ducts

Front 77

nasolacrimal*

Back 77

pertaining to the nose and tear ducts

Front 78

ophthalmic*

Back 78

pertaining to the eye

Front 79

ophthamologist*

Back 79

physician who studies and treats diseases of teh eye

Front 80

ophthamology*

Back 80

study of the eye (a branc of medicine that deals with treating diseases of the eye)

Front 81

opthalmopathy*

Back 81

any disease of the eye

Front 82

optic*

Back 82

pertaining to vision

Front 83

pupillary*

Back 83

pertaining to the pupil

Front 84

retinal*

Back 84

pertaining to the retina

Front 85

retinopathy*

Back 85

any (noninflammatory) disease of the retina

Front 86

miotic*

Back 86

agent that constricts the pupil

Front 87

mydriatic*

Back 87

agent that dilates the pupil

Front 88

oculus dexter*

Back 88

medical term for right eye

Front 89

oculus sinister*

Back 89

medical term for left eye

Front 90

oculus uterque*

Back 90

medical term for each eye

Front 91

optician*

Back 91

a specialist who fills prescriptions for lenses ( cannot prescribe lenses)

Front 92

optometrist*

Back 92

a health professional who prescribes corrective lenses and or eye exercises

Front 93

visual acuity*

Back 93

sharpness of vision for either distance or nearness

Front 94

external ear, auricle (pinna)*

Back 94

external structure located on both sides of the head. The auricle directs sound waves into the external auditory meatus.

Front 95

external auditory meatus (canal)*

Back 95

short tube that ends at the tympanic membrane. The inner part lies within the temporal bone of the skull and contains the glands that secrete earwax (cerumen).

Front 96

middle ear tympanic membrane (eardrum)*

Back 96

semitransparent membrane that separates the external auditory meatus and the middle ear cavity

Front 97

eustachian tube*

Back 97

connects the middle ear and the pharynx. It equalizes air pressure on both sides of the eardrum

Front 98

ossicles*

Back 98

bones of the middle ear that carry sound vibrations. The ossicles are composed of malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup). The stapes connects to the oval window, which transmits the sound vibrations to the inner ear

Front 99

labyrinth (inner ear)*

Back 99

bony spaces within the temporal bone of the skull. It contains the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibule.

Front 100

cochlea*

Back 100

is snail-shaped and contains the organ of hearing. The cochlea connects tot he oval window in the middle ear

Front 101

semicircular canals and vestibule*

Back 101

contains receptors and endolymph that help the body maintain its sense of balance (equilibrium)

Front 102

mastoid bone and cells*

Back 102

located in the skull bone behind the external auditory meatus

Front 103

acou/o, audi/o*

Back 103

hearing

Front 104

aur/i,aur/o,ot/o*

Back 104

ear

Front 105

labyrinth/o

Back 105

labyrinth (inner ear)

Front 106

mastoid/o

Back 106

mastoid bone

Front 107

myring/o

Back 107

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Front 108

staped/o*

Back 108

stapes ( middle ear bone)

Front 109

tympan/o*

Back 109

tympanic membrane (eardrum), middle ear

Front 110

labyrinthitis

Back 110

inflammation of the labyrinth (inner ear)

Front 111

mastoiditis

Back 111

inflammation of the mastoid bone

Front 112

myringitis

Back 112

inflammation of the tympanic membrane

Front 113

otalgia*

Back 113

pain in the ear

Front 114

otomastoiditis*

Back 114

inflammation of the ear and the mastoid bone

Front 115

otopyorrhea*

Back 115

discharge of pus from the ear

Front 116

otosclerosis*

Back 116

hardening of the ear (stapes) (caused by irregular bone development and resulting in hearing loss)

Front 117

otomycosis

Back 117

abnormal condition of fungus in the ear, usually affects the external auditory meatus)

Front 118

tympanitis*

Back 118

inflammation of the middle ear (also called otitis media)

Front 119

acoustic neuroma

Back 119

benign tumor within the auditory canal growing from the acoustic nerve. May cause hearing loss

Front 120

ceruminoma

Back 120

tumor of a gland that secretes earwax (cerumen)

Front 121

meniere disease * (spell)

Back 121

chronic disease of the inner ear chracterized by dizziness and ringing in the ear and hearing loss

Front 122

otitis externa

Back 122

inflammation of the outer ear

Front 123

otitis media

Back 123

inflammation of the middle ear

Front 124

presbycusis

Back 124

hearing impairment in old age

Front 125

tinnitus*

Back 125

ringing in the ears

Front 126

vertigo*

Back 126

a sense that either one's own body (subjective vertigo) or the environment (objective vertigo) is revolving. May indicate inner ear disease.

Front 127

otoscope*

Back 127

instrument used for visual examination of the ear

Front 128

acoumeter

Back 128

instrument to measure hearing

Front 129

audiogram

Back 129

(graphic) record of hearing

Front 130

audiometer

Back 130

instrument used to measure hearing

Front 131

audiometer

Back 131

instrument used to measure hearing

Front 132

audiometry

Back 132

measurement of hearing

Front 133

otoscopy

Back 133

visual examination of the ear

Front 134

tympanometer

Back 134

instrument used to measure middle ear function

Front 135

tympanometry

Back 135

measurement (movement) of the tympanic membrane