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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anabolism
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Process of building up complex materials (proteins) from simple materials. Occurs in the ER of cells.
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catabolism
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Process of breaking down complex materials to form simpler substances and relase energy
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cell membrane
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Structure surrounding and protecting the cell. It determines what enters and leaves the cell.
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chromosomes
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Rod shaped structures in teh nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes. There are 46 chromosomes in every cell execpt for the sperm and egg which have 23 unpaired.
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cytoplasm
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All the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane.
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DNA
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Chemical found within each chromosome. Arranged like a sequence of recipes in code, it directs the activities of the cell.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Structure (Canals) within the cytoplasm. Site in which large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces. Anabolism takes place of the riibosomes of the ER
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Genes
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Regions of DNA within each chromsome
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karyotype
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Picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. The chormosomes are arranged in numerical order to determine their number and structure.
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Metabolism
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The total of the chmical processes in a cell. It includes anabolism and catabolism
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Mitochondria
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Structures in the cytoplasm in which foods are burned to release energy.
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Nucleus
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Control center of the cell. It contains chromosomes and directs the activity of the cell.
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Adipose Tissue
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Collection of fat cells
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cartilage
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Flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints. For example, it surrounds the trachea and forms part of the external ear and nose.
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Epithelial cells
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Skin cells that cover the external body surface and line the internal surfaces of organs.
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histologist
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specialist in the study of tissues
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larynx
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"Voice box"
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pharynx
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Throat
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Pituitary Gland
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Endocrine gland at the base of the brain
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thyroid gland
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endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck
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trachea
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Windpipe
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ureter
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one of two tubes, each leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder
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urethra
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tube from urinary bladder to the outside of the body
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uterus
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The womb
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viscera
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Internal organs
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abdominal cavity
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space below the chest containing organse such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder, and instestines; also called the abdomen
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cranial cavity
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space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by the skull.
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Diaphragm
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muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavity. The diaphragm moves up and down to aide in breathing
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dorsal (posterior)
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pertaining to the back
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mediastinum
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centerally located between the lungs
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peritoneum
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Double layered membrane surrounding the abdominal organs
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Pleura
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Double layered membrane surrounding each lung
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plueral cavity
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space between the pleural membranes
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spinal cavity
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space within teh spinal column (backbones) and contianing the spinal cord
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thoracic cavity
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Space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus, and other organs
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ventral (anterior)
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pertaining to the front
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deep
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away from the surface
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distal
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far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure
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inferior
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below another structure
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lateral
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pertinaing to the side
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medial
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pertaining to the middle or medial plane of body
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prone
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lying on the belly
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proximal
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near the point of attachment ot the trunk
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sagittal (lateral) plane
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vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides
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superficial
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on the surface
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superior
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above another structure
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supine
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lying on the back
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transverse (axial) plane
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horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions
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