Medical Terminology Chap4

Front 1

Cytoplasm

Back 1

Gel-like substance that surrounds the nucleus of a cell but is contained within the membrane

Front 2

deoxyribonucleic acid DNA

Back 2

Molecule that holds genetic information and makes an exact copy of itself whenever a cell divides.

Front 3

Diagnosis

Back 3

identification of a disease or condition by scientific evaluatino of physical signs, symptoms, history, laboratory and clinical test results, adn radiographic procedures

Front 4

Endoscope

Back 4

instrument consisting of a rigid or flexible fiberoptic tube and optical system for observing the inside of a hollw organ or cavity

Front 5

etiology

Back 5

study of the cause of disease

Front 6

fluoroscope

Back 6

instrument consisting of an xray machine and a fluorescent screen used to view the interal organs of the body.

Front 7

idiopathic

Back 7

pertaining to conditions without clear pathogenesis or disease withough recognizable cause, as of spontaneous origin

Front 8

metabolism

Back 8

chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism and produce energy and basic materials needed for all life processes

Front 9

Prognosis

Back 9

prediction of the course and end of a disease and the estimated chance of recovery

Front 10

sign

Back 10

any objective evidence or manifestation of an illness or disordered functino of the body

Front 11

symptom

Back 11

any change in the body or its functinos as percieved by the patient

Front 12

Dorsal cavity

Back 12

cranial, and spinal cavities

Front 13

Ventral cavities

Back 13

thoracic and abdominopelvic

Front 14

sagittal

Back 14

divides into left and right sides

Front 15

coronal

Back 15

divides into anterior and posterior, dorsal and ventral

Front 16

Transverse

Back 16

superior and inferior

Front 17

abduction

Back 17

movement away from the median plane of the body or one of its parts

Front 18

adduction

Back 18

movement toward the median plane of the body

Front 19

medial

Back 19

pertaining to the midline of the body or structure

Front 20

lateral

Back 20

pertaining to a side

Front 21

superior (cephalad

Back 21

toward head or upper portion of a structure

Front 22

inferior

Back 22

away from head lower

Front 23

proximal

Back 23

nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or to the point of attachment to the body

Front 24

distal

Back 24

further from the center of the body or from the point of attachment to the body

Front 25

parietal

Back 25

pertaining tot he outaer wall of the body cavity

Front 26

visceral

Back 26

pertaining to the viscera, covers organs

Front 27

prone

Back 27

lying horizontal with the face downward or indicating the hand with palms turned downward

Front 28

supine

Back 28

lying on the back with the face upward, or indicating the position of the hand or foot with the palm or foot facing upward

Front 29

inversion

Back 29

turning inward or inside out

Front 30

eversion

Back 30

turning outward

Front 31

plamar

Back 31

pertaining to the palm of the hand

Front 32

plantar

Back 32

sole of foot

Front 33

cyto

Back 33

cell

Front 34

histo

Back 34

tissue

Front 35

nucleo, kary

Back 35

nucleus

Front 36

anter

Back 36

anterior, front

Front 37

caud

Back 37

tail

Front 38

crani

Back 38

cranium

Front 39

dist

Back 39

far farthest

Front 40

dors

Back 40

back of body

Front 41

infer

Back 41

lower below

Front 42

later

Back 42

side

Front 43

medi

Back 43

middle

Front 44

poster

Back 44

back of body behind

Front 45

proxim

Back 45

near nearest

Front 46

ventr

Back 46

belly side

Front 47

abdomin

Back 47

abdomen

Front 48

cervic

Back 48

neck

Front 49

gastro

Back 49

stomach

Front 50

ili

Back 50

ilium

Front 51

inguin

Back 51

groin

Front 52

lumb

Back 52

lower back loins

Front 53

umbilic

Back 53

navel

Front 54

pelv

Back 54

pelvis

Front 55

spin

Back 55

spine

Front 56

thorac

Back 56

chest

Front 57

albin
leuk

Back 57

white

Front 58

chlor

Back 58

green

Front 59

chrom

Back 59

color

Front 60

cirrh
jaundo
xanth

Back 60

yellow

Front 61

cyan

Back 61

blue

Front 62

erythr

Back 62

red

Front 63

melan

Back 63

black

Front 64

poli

Back 64

gray

Front 65

acr

Back 65

extremity

Front 66

eti

Back 66

cause

Front 67

fasci

Back 67

band, fibrous membrane suporting and seperating muscles

Front 68

idi

Back 68

unknown peculiar

Front 69

morph

Back 69

form, shape, structure

Front 70

path

Back 70

disease

Front 71

radi

Back 71

radiation

Front 72

somat

Back 72

body

Front 73

son

Back 73

sound

Front 74

viscer

Back 74

internal organs

Front 75

xer

Back 75

dry

Front 76

-logy

Back 76

study of

Front 77

-logist

Back 77

specialist in the study of

Front 78

-genesis

Back 78

forming, producing, orgidin

Front 79

-gnosis

Back 79

knowing

Front 80

-gram

Back 80

record, writing

Front 81

-graph

Back 81

instrument for recording

Front 82

-graphy

Back 82

process of recording

Front 83

--meter

Back 83

instrument for measuring

Front 84

-metry

Back 84

act of measuring

Front 85

-pathy

Back 85

disease

Front 86

ab-

Back 86

away from

Front 87

ad-

Back 87

toward

Front 88

infra-

Back 88

below, under

Front 89

hetero-

Back 89

different

Front 90

homeo-

Back 90

same, alike

Front 91

homeo-

Back 91

same alike

Front 92

peri-

Back 92

around

Front 93

super-

Back 93

above

Front 94

trans-

Back 94

across, through

Front 95

ultra-

Back 95

excess beyond

Front 96

adhesion

Back 96

abnormal fibrous band that holds normally seperated tissues together, usually occuring within a body cavity

Front 97

analyte

Back 97

substance being analyzed or tested generally by means of a chemical

Front 98

contrast medium

Back 98

in radiology a substance that is injected into the body, introduced via catheter, or swallowed to facilitate radiographic maging of internal structures that otherwise are difficult to visualize on xray films

Front 99

dehiscence

Back 99

busting open of a wound especially a surgical abdominal wound

Front 100

febrile

Back 100

feverish; pertaining to a fever

Front 101

homeostasis

Back 101

relative constancy or equilibrium in the internal environment of the body, which is maintained by the everchanging processes of feed back and regulation in response to external or internal changes

Front 102

inflammation

Back 102

body defense against injury infectino or allergy marked by redness, swelling, pain and sometimes lack of function

Front 103

morbid

Back 103

diseased pertaining to disease

Front 104

nuclear medicine

Back 104

branch of medicine concerned with the use of radioactive substances for diagnosis treatment and research

Front 105

diagnostic

Back 105

medical imaging using external sources of radiation to evaluate body structures and fuctinos of organs

Front 106

interventional

Back 106

use of imaging techniques in the nonsurgical treatment of various disorders such as balloon angioplasty and cardiac catheterization

Front 107

therapeutic

Back 107

use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of malignant tumors

Front 108

radionuclides

Back 108

substances that emit radiation spontaneously also called tracers

Front 109

radiopharmaceutical

Back 109

radionuclide attached toa protein, sugar, or other substance that travels to the organ or area of the body that will be scanned

Front 110

sepsis

Back 110

pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream

Front 111

suppurative

Back 111

producing or associated with generation of pus

Front 112

endoscopy

Back 112

visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope

Front 113

laparoscopy

Back 113

visual examination of the organs of the pelvis and abdoment through very small incisions in the abdominal wall

Front 114

thoracoscopy

Back 114

examination of the lungs, pleura, and pleural space with a scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs

Front 115

complete blood count

Back 115

common blood test that enumerates RBC WBC and platelets

Front 116

urinalysis

Back 116

common urine test that evaluates the physical chemical and microscopic properties of urine

Front 117

ablation

Back 117

removal of a part pathway or function by surgery chemical destruction electrocautery, freezing or radiofrequency

Front 118

anastomosis

Back 118

surgical joinging of two ducts vessels or bowel segments to allow flow from one another

Front 119

cauterize

Back 119

destroy tissue by electricity freezing heat or corrosive chemicals

Front 120

curettage

Back 120

scraping of a body cavity with a spoon shaped instrument called a curette

Front 121

radical dissection

Back 121

surgical removal of tissue in an extensive area surrounding the surgical site in an attempt to excise all tissue that may be malignant to decrease the chance of recurrence

Front 122

resection

Back 122

partial excision of a bone, organ or other structure

Front 123

ant

Back 123

anterior

Front 124

AP

Back 124

anteroposterior

Front 125

bx

Back 125

biopsy

Front 126

ct

Back 126

computed tomography

Front 127

cat scan

Back 127

computed axial tomography scan

Front 128

DSA

Back 128

digital subtraction angiography

Front 129

dx

Back 129

diagnosis

Front 130

LAT

Back 130

lateral

Front 131

llq

Back 131

left lower quadrant

Front 132

luq

Back 132

left upper quadrant

Front 133

mri

Back 133

magnetic resonance imaging

Front 134

pa

Back 134

posteroanterior

Front 135

pet

Back 135

psitron emission tomorgraphy

Front 136

post

Back 136

posterior

Front 137

sono

Back 137

sonogram

Front 138

spect

Back 138

single photon emission computed tomography

Front 139

Sx

Back 139

symptom

Front 140

Tx

Back 140

treatment

Front 141

U&L

Back 141

upper and lower

Front 142

US

Back 142

ultrasound