Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Anatomy
|
The study of body structure; will help you understand where organs and organ systems are located and also how external injuries may impact internal systems.
|
|
|
Physiology
|
The study of body function; Gives you a baseline idea of how the body should work normally.
|
|
|
Anatomical Position
|
In this position the body is standing erect, facing the observer, with arms down at the sides and the palms of the hands foward.
|
|
|
Plane
|
A flat surface formed when slicing through a solid object.
|
|
|
Slicing the body down the middle to create two side-by-side halves would create:
|
Sagittal and Medial planes
|
|
|
Slicing the body in two halves, front and back, would create:
|
Frontal and Coronal planes
|
|
|
Slicing the body into two halves, top and bottom, would create:
|
Transverse and horizontal planes
|
|
|
Midline
|
An imaginary line that is drawn down the center of the body that devides it into right and left halves.
|
|
|
Medial
|
Toward the midline of the body.
|
|
|
Lateral
|
To the side, away from the midline of the body.
|
|
|
Bilateral
|
On BOTH sides.
|
|
|
Mid-Axillary line
|
A line drawn vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle.
|
|
|
Anterior
|
The front of the body or body part.
|
|
|
Posterior
|
The back of the body or body part.
|
|
|
Ventral
|
Referring to the front of the body. *A synonym for Anterior*
|
|
|
Dorsal
|
Referring to the back of the body of the back of the hand or foot. *A synonym for Posterior*
|
|
|
Superior
|
Toward the head.
*Remember: The Head is superior to the Abdomen.* |
|
|
Inferior
|
Away from the Head; it is usually compared with another structure that is closer to the Head.
Example: The eyes are superior to the lips. |
|
|
Proximal
|
Closer to the Torso.
|
|
|
Distal
|
Farther away from the torso.
|
|
|
The organs located in the Right Upper Quadrant are...
|
Liver
Right Kidney Colon Pancreas Gallbladder |
|
|
The organs located in the Rigth Lower Quadrant are...
|
Right Kidney
Colon Small Intestines Major Artery and Vein to the right leg Ureter Appendix *The Bladder is devided by the RLQ & LLQ* |
|
|
The organs located in the Left Upper Quadrant are...
|
Liver
Spleen Left Kidney Stomach Colon Pancreas |
|
|
The organs located in the Left Lower Quadrant are...
|
Left Kidney
Colon Small Instetines Major Artery and Vein to the Left Leg Ureter *The Bladder is devided by the RLQ & LLQ* |
|
|
Supine
|
Position in which the patient is lying on their backs.
|
|
|
Prone
|
Position in which the patient is lying face down.
|
|
|
Recovery Position
|
Position in which the Patient is lying on their side. It is also called Lateral Recumbent Position.
|
|
|
Fowler Position
|
The Patient is in the sitting position.
|
|
|
Trendelengburg Position
|
A position in which the patient's feet and legs are HIGHER than the head.
|
|
|
Thyroid cartilage (Adam's Apple)
|
Wing-shaped plate of cartilage that sits ANTERIOR to the Larynx.
|
|
|
Ligament
|
Tissue that connects BONE to BONE.
|
|
|
Tendon
|
Tissue that connects MUSCLE TO BONE.
|
|
|
Three Major functions of the Musculoskeletal System:
|
Gives the body SHAPE.
PROTECTS the vital internal organs. PROVIDES for body movement. |
|
|
The Musculoskeletal system consists of...
|
Bones
Joints Ligaments FUNCTIONS:Suports and protects the body, forms blood cells, and stores minerals, and produces movement. |
|
|
The Respiratory system consists of...
|
Nasal Cavity
Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchial Tubes Lungs FUNCTIONS: Obtains O2 and removes CO2 from the body. |
|
|
The Cardiovascular System consists of...
|
Heart
Arteries Veins FUNCTIONS: Pumps blood throughout the entire body to transport nutrients, O2 and wastes. |
|
|
The Blood is composed of...
|
Plasma
Red Blood cells White Blood Cells Platelets FUNCTIONS: Transports O2, protects against foreign invaders like pathogens, and promotes clotting to control bleeding. |
|
|
The Nervous system consists of...
|
Brain
Spinal Cord Nerves FUNCTIONS: Receives sensory information and coordinates the body's response. |
|
|
The Digestive System consists of...
|
Oral Cavity
Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small&Large Intestine(colon) Liver Gallbladder Pancreas FUNCTION: Ingests, digests, and absorbs nutrients fom the body. |
|
|
The Integumentary system consists of...
|
Skin
Hair Nails Sweat Glands FUNCTIONS: Forms as a protective barrier and aids in tempeture regulation. |
|
|
The Endocrine Systems consists of...
|
Pituitary Glands
Pineal Glands Thyroid Gland Parathyroid Glands Thymus Glands Adrenal Glands Pancreas Testes Ovaries FUNCTIONS: Regulates metabolic and hormonal activities of the body. |
|
|
The Renal/Urinary System consists of...
|
Kidneys
Ureters Urinary Bladder Urethra FUNCTIONS: Filters waste products out of the blood and removes them from the body. |
|
|
The Male Reproductive System consists of...
|
Testes
Epididymis Vas deferens Penis Seminal Vesicles Prostate Gland FUNCTIONS: Produces sperm for Reproduction. |
|
|
The Female Reproductive System consists of...
|
Ovaries
Fallopian Tubes Uterus Vagina Vulva Breasts FUNCTIONS: Produces eggs for reproduction and provides a place for the growing fetus. |
|
|
The Divisions of the Spine consists of...
|
7 Cervical Vertabrae
12 Thoracic Vertabrae 5 Lumbar Vertabrae 5 Saccral Vertabrae 4 Coccyx * A total of 33 Vertabrae* |
|
|
There are How many bones in the human body?
|
206 bones.
|
|
|
Joints
|
Are formed when one bone connects to another bone.
|
|
|
Voluntary Muscle
|
The muscle that can be consciously controlled.
Example: Skeletal Muscle |
|
|
Involuntary Muscle
|
This muscle responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled by the individual.
Example: Smooth Muscle; Cardiac Muscle is also a kind of an Involuntary Muscle, but it is found ONLY in the Heart. |
|
|
Inhalation is an _______ Process.
|
Active; The diaphragm lowers and the ribs move Upward and Outward.
|
|
|
Exhalation is an ________ Process.
|
Passive; The intercostals muscles and the diaphragm relax. The ribs move Downward and Inward, while the diaphragm rises.
|
|
|
Ventilation
|
The process of moving gases between inhaled air and the pulmonary circulation of blood.
|
|
|
The Pharynx and Larynx...
|
carry air to the trachea and produces sound.
|
|
|
The Trachea...
|
Transports air to and from the Lungs.
|
|
|
The Nasal Cavity...
|
Cleanses, warms, and humidifies inhaled air.
|
|
|
The Bronchial Tubes...
|
Are air passages iinside the Lungs.
|
|
|
the Lungs...
|
Are the site of gas exchange between air and blood.
|
|
|
The structures of a young child's respiratory anatomy:
|
Child has a smaller nose and mouth.
More space is taken up by the tongue. The trachea is narrower. The Cricoid Cartilage is less rigid and less developed. Airway structures are more easily obstructed. |
|
|
Because the chest wall in a child is softer, infants and children tend to rely more on the _________ when they are having difficulty breathing.
|
Diaphragm
|
|
|
The Path of Blood Flow through the Heart in order:
|
1. The Superior&Inferior Vena Cava.
2. The Right Atrium 3. The Tricuspid AV Valve 4. The Right Ventricle 5. The Pulmonary Valve 6. The Polmonary Artery 7. The Pulmonary Vein 8. The Left Atrium 9. The Bicuspid AV Valve 10. The Left Ventricle 11. The Aortic Valve 12. The Aorta |
|
|
The 8 Most important Arteries in the Body are:
|
1. Aorta
2. Pulmonary Artery 3. Carotid Artery 4. Femoral Artery 5. Brachial Artery 6. Radial Artery 7. Posterior Tibial Artery 8. Dorsalis Pedis Artery |
|
|
The Five Types of White Blood Cells are:
|
1. Eosinophil
2. Basophil 3. Monocyte 4. Lymphocyte 5. Neutrophil |
|
|
Blood Pressure is...
|
The pressure cause by the blood exerting froce against the walls of the blood vessels. It is usually arterial blood pressure that is measure; consists of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure.
|
|
|
Systolic blood pressure is...
|
created in the arteries when the Left Ventricle contractsand forces blood out into circulation.
|
|
|
Diastolic blood pressure is...
|
the pressure in the arteries when the Left Ventricle is refilling.
|
|
|
Perfusion is...
|
The supply of O2, and the rremoval of wastes from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
|
|
|
Peripheral pulses are located in...
|
the Radial, Brachial, Posterior Tibial, and Dorsalis Pedis Pulses.
|
|
|
Central Pulses are located in...
|
the Carotid and Femoral pulses.
|
|
|
Hypoperfusion(Shock) is...
|
Inadequate perfusion of the cells and tissues cause by insuffiecient flow of blood through the capillaries.
|
|
|
The Central Nervous System (CNS) is...
|
The Brain and Spinal Cord.
|
|
|
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is...
|
The nerves that enter the body and leave the spinal cord and travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord.
|
|
|
The Automatic Nervous System (ANS) is...
|
The division of the PNS that controls involuntary motor functions.
|
|
|
The Three leyers of the Skin are:
|
Epidermis
Dermis Subcutaneous |
|
|
What is Insulin, where is it stored and where is it released from?
|
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas and released by the Islets of Langerhans.
It is a common medication for diabetic patients. |
