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139 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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angi/o
vas/o vascul/o |
vessel
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aort/o
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aorta
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arteri/o
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artery
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ather/o
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fatty lipid paste
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atri/o
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atrium
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cardi/o
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heart
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coron/o
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circle or crown
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my/o
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muscle
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pector/o
steth/o |
chest
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sphygm/o
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pulse
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thromb/o
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clot
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ven/o
phleb/o |
vein
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varic/o
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vein
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varic/o
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swollen, twisted
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ventricul/o
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ventricle (belly or pouch)
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atrium
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upper right or left chambers of heart
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endocardium
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membrane lining the cavities of the heart
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epicardium
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partition between right and left atrium
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interventricular septum
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partition between right and left ventricle
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myocardium
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heart muscle
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pericardium
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protective sac enclosing the heart composed of two layers with fluid between
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ventricle
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lower chambers of heart (left or right)
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heart valves
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structures within the heart that open and close with the heartbeat to regulate the one-way flow of blood
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aortic valve
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heart valve between the left ventricle and aorta
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mitral or bicuspid valve
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heart vavle between the left artium and left ventricle
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pulmonary semilunar valve
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heart valve opening from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery
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tricuspid valve
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valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle
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valves of the veins
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valves located at intervals in the veins, as they return to the heart
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arteries
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vessels that carry blood from the heart ot the arterioles
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aorta
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large artery that is the main trunk of the arterial system branching from the left ventricle
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arterioles
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small vessels that receive blood from the arteries
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capillaries
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tiny vessles that connect the arterioles and venules
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venules
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small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
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veins
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vessles that carry blood to the heart from the venules
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systemic circulation
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dilivery of oxygen and nutrients to the body tissues
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coronary circulation
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dilivery of oxygen and nutrients to the heart
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pulmonary circulation
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dilivery of oxygen and nutrients to the lungs
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diastole
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to expand, the period in the cardiac cycle when blood enters the relaxed ventricles from the atria
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systole
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to contract, the period in the cardiac cycle when blood is ejected into the pulmonary artery and aorta
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normotension
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normal blood pressure
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hypotension
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low blood pressure
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hypertension
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high blood pressure
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arteriosclerosis
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hardening of arterial walls
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atherosclerosis
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buildup of fat that hardens the walls of arteries
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atheromatous plaque
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swollen area within the artery caused by fatty buildup
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thrombus
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stationary blood clot
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embolus
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mobile clot, (blood, air, foreign object) carried in blood stream. obstructs when it lodges
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stenosis
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narrowing of a part
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constriction
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compression of a part
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occlusion
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obstruction of a part
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ischemia
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to hold back blood, decreased blood flow to a tissue
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infarct
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to stuff, localized area of tissue death (necrosis) caused by ischemia (loss of blood flow)
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angina pectoris
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chest pain caused by temporary loss of oxygenated blood to heart, often caused by narrowing of coronary arteries
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aneurysm
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widening, bluging of the wall of heart, aorta, artery
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saccular aneurysm
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saclike buldge on one side
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fusiform aneurysm
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spindle-shaped bulge
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dissecting aneurysm
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split or tear of the vessel wall
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claudication
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to limp, pain in a limb caused by poor blood flow
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heart murmur
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abnormal sound from heart, produced by defects in chambers or valves
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palpitation
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subjective experience of pounding skipping or racing heartbeats
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vegetation
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to grow, an abnormal growth of tissue around a valve, result of infection
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sinoatrial node
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the pacemaker
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atrioventricular node
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center of heart, transfers impulses from SA to His
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bundle of His
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bundle of fibers running from the AV node to the purkinje fibers
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purkinje fibers
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fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses that cause the ventricles to contract
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polarization
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resting, resting state of a myocardial cell
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depolarization
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change in cell from polarized (resting) state to a state of contraction
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repolarization
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recharging of the myocardial cell, from depolatized (contracted) to polarized (relaxed)
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normal sinus rhythm (NSR)
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regular rhythm of the heart cycle
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arrhythmia
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loss of rhythm in the cardiac cycle
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bradycardia
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slow heart rate (type of arrhythmia)
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fibrillation
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chaotic, irregular contractions (type of arrhythmia)
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premature ventricular contraction (PVC)
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ventricular contraction preceding the normal impulse from the SA node (type of arrhythmia)
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tachycardia
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fast heart rate (type of arrhythmia)
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arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD)
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hardening of the arteries, seen in smokers and the elderly
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bacterial endocarditis
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bacterial inflamation of the endocardium or the heart valves
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cardiac tamponade
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compression of the heart produced by the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac
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cardiomyopathy
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disease of the heart muscle
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congenital anomaly of the heart
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malformations of the heart, presents at birth
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atrial septal defect (ASD)
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an opening in the septum separating the atria
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coarctation of the aorta
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narrowing of the descending portion of the aorta resulting in a limited flow of blood to the lower part of the body
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patent ductus arteriosus
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abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta, birth defect
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ventricular septal defect (VSD)
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an opening in the septum serarating the ventricles
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congestive heart failure (CHF)
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failure of the left ventricle to pump an adequate amount of blood to meet the demands of the body
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cor pulmonale
right ventricular failure |
enlargement of the right ventricle resulting from a chronic disease within the lungs
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coronary artery disease (CAD)
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condition affecting the arteries of the heart
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hypertension (HTN)
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high blood pressure
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essential (primary) hypertension
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high blood pressure attributed to no single cause
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secondary hypertension
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high blood pressure caused by another disease
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mitral valve prolapse
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protrusion of one of both cusps of the mitral valve back into the left atrium, backflow of blood
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myocardial infarction
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heart attack, coronary artery block, loss of blood flow
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myocarditis
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inflammation of the myocardium, by infection
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pericarditis
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inflammation of pericardium
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phlebitis
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inflammation of a vein
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rheumatic heart disease
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damage to heart muscle and heart valves by rhumatic fever
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thrombophlebitis
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inflamation of a vein
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varicose veins
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defective vein valves, twisted vein apearance
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deep vein thrombosis
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formation of a clot in a deep body vein
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auscultation
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examination method using sounds of the body
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gallop
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abnormal heart sound, gait of a horse
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Holter ambulatory monitor
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portable electrocardiograph worn for ~24 hours
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magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
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MRI of heart or vessels
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nuclear medicine imaging
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radionuclide organ imaging
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radiology
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xray imaging
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angiogram
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record obtained by angiography
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coronary angiogram
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radiograph of the blood vessels of the heart
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arteriogram
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xray of a particular artery
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aortogram
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xray of the aorta
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venogram
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xray of a vein
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cardiac catheterization
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tube inserted into heart via veins, variety of uses
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ventriculogram
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xray of ventricles
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stroke volume (SV)
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measurement of amount of blood ejected from a ventricle in one contraction
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cariac output (CO)
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measurement of amount of blood ejected from either ventricle of the heart per minute
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ejection fraction
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measurement of volume percentrage of left ventricular contencts ejected with each contraction
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echocardiography
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sound imaging of the heart
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coronary artery bypass graft
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bypass an occluded coronary artery with surgery
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anastomosis
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opening, joining of two blood vesseles to allow flow from one to the other
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valve replacment
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replacement of a heart valve with a mechanincal one
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valvuolplasty
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repair of a valve
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transmyocardial revascularization (TMR)
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laser techique to open tiny channels in the heart muscle to restore blood flow
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endovascular surgery
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interventional procedures performed at the time of cardiac catheterization
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angioscopy
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use of angioscope that is guided through a specific blood vessel to visually assess a lesion
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arteriotomy
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incision into an artery
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atherectomy
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excision of atheromatous plaque from within an artery utilizing a device housed in a flexible catheter that selectively cuts away or pulverizes tissue buildup
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embolectomy
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incision into an artery for the removal of an embolus
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thrombectomy
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incision into an artery for the removal of a thrombus
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percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
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ballon angioplasty
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intravascular stent
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implant used to reinforce the wall of a vessel
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cardioversion
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termination of tachycardia
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angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibiter
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treats hypertension
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antianginal
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drug that dilates coronary arteries
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beta-adrenergic blocking agents
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inhibit sympathetic nerve activity, treat hypertension
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calcium channel blockers
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slow heart rate, treat hypertension
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cardiotonic
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drug that increases the force of contractions, treats heart failure
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diuretic
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increased unirnation, helps treat hypertension
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hypolipidemic
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drug that reduces serum fat
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thrombolytic agents
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dissolve blood clots
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vasoconstrictor
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drug that causes constrition of vessels
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vasodilator
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drug that causes dialation of vessels
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