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98 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Alimentary Canal/Gastrointestinal Tract |
A continuous tube beginning with the mouth and ending at the anus. |
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*What are the 3 main functions of the digestive system? Define each. |
Digestion ⇨ The process by which food is changed in the mouth, stomach, and intestines by chemical, mechanical, and physical action so the body can obsorb it. Absorption ⇨ The process by which nutrient material is taken into the bloodstream or lymph and travels to all cells of the body. Elimination ⇨ The process whereby the solid waste or end products of digestion at excreted. |
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Gingivae |
Gums surrounding the necks of teeth |
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Lingual Frenulum |
Connects the free part of the tongue to the underlying epithelium by a thin fold of mucous membrane which prevents extreme movement of the tongue |
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Deciduous Teeth |
They are the temporary teeth 20 in total ⇨ 8 incisors, 4 canines or cuspids, 8 molars. |
Baby teeth or Milk teeth |
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Permanent/Secondary Dentition Teeth *Name the teeth on the picture. |
They are the permanent teeth 32 in total ⇨ 8 incisors, 4 canines of cuspids, 8 premolars, 12 molars |
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Incisors |
Have a sharp cutting edge adapted for biting into food |
4 front teeth in top and bottom |
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Canine/Cuspid |
Larger and stronger than the incisors |
The one tooth on both top and bottom on either side of the front four. |
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Premolars/Bicuspid |
Behind the canines |
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Molars |
The largest teeth. Their crowns are adapted for grinding and pounding food. |
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*Locate the Crown, Root and Neck and define. |
Crown ⇨ Projects above the gum Root ⇨ Embedded in the alveolus, jaw Neck ⇨ The constricted portion between the crown and root |
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Pulp Cavity |
Contains the dental pulp |
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Root Canal |
Narrow tunnel at the root or base of a tooth |
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Apical Cavity |
Opening at the end of the root canal to allow blood vessels and nerves to enter |
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Periodontal Ligament |
Binds the teeth to bony sockets in the jaw. |
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Crementum |
A thin layer of bone covering the root, protecting the root and anchoring the peridontal ligament |
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Dentin |
The bulk of the tooth |
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Enamel |
Covers the exposed part of the crown and hardest, compact part of a tooth |
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Gingival Sulcus |
A groove that surrounds the neck of the tooth. |
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Pharynx |
The throat |
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Nasopharynx |
The upper part of the pharynx above the soft plate |
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Oropharynx |
Middle part of the pharynx between the palate and hyoid bone, has an opening to the oral cavity. |
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Laryngopharynx |
Voice box |
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Epiglottis |
Flap of tissue that blocks food from entering the airway |
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Esophagus |
Muscular tube from the pharynx to the stomach |
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Cardiac Sphincter/Lower Esophageal Sphincter |
The junction between the esophagus and stomach that relaxes to let food into the stomach |
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Peristalsis |
Wave like, muscular contractions that carry food from the esophagus to the stomach |
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Duodenum |
The first 12 inches of the small intestine beyond the stomach |
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Jejunum |
8 feet of the small intestine after the duodenum |
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Ileum |
Remaining 12 feet of the small intestine |
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Cecum |
Pouch like structure forming the star of the large intestine and has the appendix attached to it |
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Colon |
Bulk of the large intestine |
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Anus |
Emd of the large intestine where the last is expelled from |
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Parotid Salivary Glands |
Located just below the ears |
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Submandibular Salivary Glands |
Located in the floor of the mouth |
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Sublingual |
Located below the tongue |
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Liver |
The largest glandular organ in the body located in the upper right part of the abdomen |
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Gallbladder |
Small pear shaped sac under the liver |
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Pancreas |
Large elongated gland situated behind the stomach and secretes pancreatic juice into the small intestine |
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absorpt/o |
To take in |
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aden/o |
Gland |
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aliment/o |
Nourishment |
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amyl/o |
Starch |
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anabol/o |
Building up |
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append/o appendic/o |
Appendix |
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bil/i |
Gall, bile |
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choledoch/o |
Common bile duct |
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cirrh/o |
Orange-yellow |
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col/o colon/o |
Colon |
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cyst/o |
Bladder |
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dent/o odont/o |
Tooth |
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diverticul/o |
Diverticula |
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duoden/o |
Duodenum |
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enter/o |
Intestine |
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esophag/o esophage/o |
Esophagus |
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fibr/o |
Fiberous tissue |
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gastr/o |
Stomach |
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gingiv/o |
Gums |
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gloss/o lingu/o |
Tongue |
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glyc/o |
Sweet, sugar |
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halit/o |
Breath |
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hemat/o |
Blood |
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hemorrh/o |
Vein liable to bleed |
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hepat/o |
Liver |
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herni/o |
Hernia |
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ile/o |
Ileum |
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labi/o |
Lip |
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lapar/o |
Abdomen |
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lip/o |
Fat |
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pancreat/o |
Pancreas |
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pept/o |
To digest |
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pharyng/e pharyng/o |
Pharynx |
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pil/o |
Hair |
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prand/i |
Meal |
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proct/o |
Anus and rectum |
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pylor/o |
Pylorus, gatekeeper |
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rect/o |
Rectum |
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sial/o |
Saliva, salivary |
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sigmoid/o |
Sigmoid |
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splen/o |
Spleen |
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stomat/o |
Mouth |
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verm/i |
Worm |
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Amylase |
Enzyme that breaks down starch *Ptyalin is salivary **Amylopsin is pancreatic |
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Anorexia |
Lack of appetite, decreased desire for food |
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Appendectomy |
Surgical excision of the appendix |
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Appendicitis |
Inflammation of the appendix |
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Ascites |
Significant accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity |
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Biliary |
Pertaining to bile |
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Bilirubin |
Orange-colored bile pigment produced by separation hemoglobin into parts that are excreted by the liver cells |
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Bowel |
Intestine |
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Buccal |
*literally means pertaining to the cheek Relating to the cheek or mouth |
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Catabolism |
*literally a casting down In metabolism a breaking of complex substances into more basic elements |
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Celiac |
Pertaining to the abdomen |
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Cheilosis |
Abnormal condition of the lip as seen in riboflavin and other B-complex deficiencies |
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Cholecystectomy |
Surgical excision of the gallbladder |
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Cholecystitis |
Inflammation of the gallbladder |
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Choledochotomy |
Surgical incision of the common bile duct |
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Chyle |
Milky fluid of intestinal digestion composed of lymph and emulsified fats |
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