Medical Terminology Ch. 4

Front 1

bi-

Back 1

two

Front 2

-cele

Back 2

hernia, tumor, swelling

Front 3

myo-

Back 3

muscle

Front 4

fascio-

Back 4

fascia (covers/supports/separates)

Front 5

teno-, tendo-, tendino-

Back 5

tendon (muscle to bone)

Front 6

dys-

Back 6

bad, abnormal

Front 7

-ia

Back 7

abnormal condition, disease OR plural of -ium

Front 8

-ic

Back 8

pertaining to

Front 9

kinesio-

Back 9

movement

Front 10

fibro-

Back 10

fiber

Front 11

plegia-

Back 11

paralysis, stroke

Front 12

-rrhexis

Back 12

rupture

Front 13

taxo-

Back 13

coordination, order

Front 14

tono-

Back 14

tension, tone, stretching

Front 15

tri-

Back 15

three

Front 16

abduction

Back 16

movement away from midline

Front 17

Achilles tendonitis

Back 17

inflammation of Achilles tendon caused by stress

Front 18

adduction

Back 18

movement toward midline

Front 19

adhesion

Back 19

band of fibrous tissue holds structures together abnormally, can form in muscles/organs from injury/surgery

Front 20

anticholinergic

Back 20

meds adminitstered to control spasmodic activity of smooth muscles (i.e. intestine) AKA antispasmodic

Front 21

ataxia

Back 21

inability to coordinate voluntary muscle activity

Front 22

atonic

Back 22

lacking normal muscle tone or strength

Front 23

atrophy

Back 23

weakness or wearing away of tissue structures caused by pathology or prolonged disuse

Front 24

atropine

Back 24

an antispasmodic med, may be administered preoperatively to relax smooth muscles

Front 25

bradykinesia

Back 25

extreme slowness in movement

Front 26

carpal tunnel syndrome

Back 26

swelling that creates pressure on the median nerve as it passes thru the carpal tunnel

Front 27

circumduction

Back 27

circular rotation of limb at the far end

Front 28

contracture

Back 28

permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tedons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when lastic connective tissues are replased with non-elastic fibrous tissues

Front 29

dorsiflexion

Back 29

upward flexure of foot

Front 30

dyskinesia

Back 30

distortion or impairment of voluntary movement

Front 31

dystonia

Back 31

condition of abnormal muscle tone

Front 32

electromyography

Back 32

diagnostic procedure measures electrical activity w/in muscle fibers as a result of nerve stimulation

Front 33

electronueromyography

Back 33

diagnostic procedure for testing and recording neuromuscular activity by the electric stimulation of the nerve trunk that carries fibers to and from the muscle; aka nerve conduction studies

Front 34

epicondylitis

Back 34

inflammation of tissue surrounding the elbow

Front 35

ergonomics

Back 35

study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment

Front 36

fascitis

Back 36

inflammation of fascia

Front 37

fascioplasty

Back 37

surgical repair of a fascia

Front 38

fibromyalgia

Back 38

fatigue and pain in muscles, ligaments, and/or tendons

Front 39

ganglion cyst

Back 39

harmless fluid filled swelling that occurs most often on outer surface of wrist

Front 40

hemiparesis

Back 40

slight paralysis of one side of body

Front 41

hemiplegia

Back 41

total paralysis of one side of body

Front 42

hyperkinesia

Back 42

abnormally increased motor function, aka hyper activity

Front 43

hypertonia

Back 43

a condition of excessive tone of the skeletal muscles

Front 44

hypokinesia

Back 44

decreased activity

Front 45

hypotonia

Back 45

diminished tone

Front 46

impingement syndrome

Back 46

inflammation of tendons that get caught in the narrow space between the bones of the shoulder joint

Front 47

intermittent claudication

Back 47

pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest

Front 48

kinesiology

Back 48

study of muscular activity and resulting movement

Front 49

muscular dystrophy

Back 49

group of 20 inherited muscle disorders, muscle weakness w/o affecting nervous system

Front 50

myalgia

Back 50

muscle pain

Front 51

myasthenia gravis

Back 51

chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuronomuscular junction and produces serious voluntary muscle weakness

Front 52

myocele

Back 52

protrusion of a muscle thru its ruptured sheath

Front 53

myoclonus

Back 53

muscle spasm or twitch

Front 54

myofascial damage

Back 54

tenderness and swelling of muscles/fascia due to overworking

Front 55

myolysis

Back 55

breaking down of muscle tissue

Front 56

myoparesis

Back 56

weakness or slight paralysis of a muscle

Front 57

myorrhaphy

Back 57

surgical suturing of a muscle

Front 58

myositis

Back 58

inflammation of a skeletal muscle

Front 59

myotonia

Back 59

delayed relaxation after strong contraction of a muscle

Front 60

paraplegia

Back 60

paralysis of both legs

Front 61

physiatrist

Back 61

specialist in physical meds and rehab

Front 62

plantar fascitis

Back 62

inflammation of plantar fascia

Front 63

polymyositis

Back 63

inflammation of more than one muscle at the same time

Front 64

pronation

Back 64

palms down

Front 65

quadriplegia

Back 65

paralysis of all four extremities

Front 66

sarcopenia

Back 66

reduction of muscle mass in the elderly

Front 67

singultus

Back 67

myoclonus of diaphragm aka hiccups

Front 68

spasmodic torticollis

Back 68

stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of neck muscles that pull the head to contracted side aka wryneck

Front 69

sphincter

Back 69

ring-like constricting muscle

Front 70

supination

Back 70

palms up

Front 71

tenodesis

Back 71

suturing the end of a tendon to a bone

Front 72

tenodynia

Back 72

pain in a tendon

Front 73

tenolysis

Back 73

freeing a tendon from an adhesion

Front 74

tenorrhaphy

Back 74

surgical suturing of a divided tendon

Front 75

ADL

Back 75

activities of daily living

Front 76

DTR

Back 76

deep tendon reflexes

Front 77

EMG

Back 77

electromyography

Front 78

MD

Back 78

muscular dystrophy

Front 79

MG

Back 79

myasthenia gravis

Front 80

PT

Back 80

physical therapy

Front 81

quad

Back 81

quadriplegia

Front 82

ROM

Back 82

range of motion