Medical Terminology- Ch 12 Ab/gi Anatomical Terms

Front 1

oral cavity

Back 1

cavity that receives food for digestion

Front 2

salivary glands

Back 2

three pairs of exocrine glands in the mouth that secrete saliva: parotid, submandibular (submaxillary) and the sublingual glands

Front 3

cheeks

Back 3

lateral walls of the mouth

Front 4

lips

Back 4

fleshy structures surrounding the mouth

Front 5

palate

Back 5

structure that forms the roof of the mouth; divided into soft and hard palate

Front 6

uvula

Back 6

small projection hanging from the back middle edge of the soft palate

Front 7

tongue

Back 7

muscular structure of the floor of the mouth covered by mucous membrane and secured by band-like membrane known as the frenulum

Front 8

gums

Back 8

tissue covering the processes of the jaws

Front 9

teeth

Back 9

hard bony projections in the jaws for masticating (chewing) food

Front 10

pharynx

Back 10

throat; passageway for food traveling to esophagus and for air traveling to larynx

Front 11

esophagus

Back 11

muscular tube that moves food from pharynx to stomach

Front 12

stomach

Back 12

sac-like organ that chemically mixes and prepares food received from the esophagus

Front 13

cardiac sphincter

Back 13

opening from esophagus to the stomach

Front 14

pyloric sphincter

Back 14

opening from the stomach to the duodenum

Front 15

small intestine

Back 15

smaller tubular structure that digests food received from the stomach

Front 16

duodenum

Back 16

first portion of the small intestine

Front 17

jejunum

Back 17

second portion of the small intestine

Front 18

ileum

Back 18

third portion of the small intestine

Front 19

large intestine

Back 19

larger tubular structure that receives the liquid waste products of digestion, reabsorbs water and minerals, and forms and stores feces for defecation

Front 20

cecum

Back 20

first part of the large intestine

Front 21

vermiform appendix

Back 21

worm-like projection of lymphatic tissue hanging off the cecum with no digestive function; may help to resist infection

Front 22

colon

Back 22

portions of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum; identified by direction or shape

Front 23

ascending colon

Back 23

portion of the colon that extends upward from the cecum

Front 24

transverse colon

Back 24

portion of the colon that extends across from the ascending cecum

Front 25

descending colon

Back 25

portion of the colon that extends downward from the transverse colon

Front 26

sigmoid colon

Back 26

portion of the colon (resembling an "S" in shape) that terminates at the rectum

Front 27

rectum

Back 27

distal (end) portion of the large intestine

Front 28

rectal ampulla

Back 28

dilated portion of the rectum just above the anal canal

Front 29

anus

Back 29

opening of the rectum to the outside of the body

Front 30

feces

Back 30

waste formed by the absorption of water in the large intestine; usually solid

Front 31

defecation

Back 31

evacuation of feces from the rectum

Front 32

peritoneum

Back 32

membrane surrounding the entire abdominal cavity and consisting of the parietal layer (lining the abdominal wall) and the visceral layer (covering each organ in the abdomen)

Front 33

peritoneal cavity

Back 33

space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum

Front 34

omentum

Back 34

extension of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and connecting it with other abdominal organs

Front 35

liver

Back 35

organ in the upper right quadrant that produces bile, which is secreted into the duodenum during digestion

Front 36

gallbladder

Back 36

receptacle that stores and concentrates the biles produced in the liver

Front 37

pancreas

Back 37

gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum, where it mixes with bile to digest food

Front 38

biliary ducts

Back 38

ducts that convey bile; include the hepatic, cystic, and common bile ducts

Front 39

hypochondriac regions

Back 39

upper lateral regions beneath the ribs

Front 40

epigastric region

Back 40

upper middle region below the sternum

Front 41

lumbar regions

Back 41

middle lateral regions

Front 42

umbilical region

Back 42

region of the navel

Front 43

inguinal regions

Back 43

lower lateral groin regions

Front 44

hypogastric region

Back 44

region below the navel