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416 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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aden/o
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gland
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amni/o
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amnion (sac of fluid surrounding the embryo)
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angi/o
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vessel (usually a blood vessel)
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arteri/o
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artery
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ather/o
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plaque (a yellow, fatty material)
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arthr/o
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joint
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axill/o
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armpit
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bronch/o
bronchi/o |
bronchial tube
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carcin/o
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cancerous
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cardi/o
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heart
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chem/o
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drug; also chemical
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cholecyst/o
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gallbladder
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chron/o
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time
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col/o
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colon (large intestine or bowel)
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crani/o
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skull
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cry/o
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cold
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cyst/o
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urinary bladder; also a sac of fluid or a cyst
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electro/o
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electricity
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encephal/o
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brain
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erythr/o
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red
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esophag/o
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esophagus
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hem/o
hemat/o |
blood
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hepat/o
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liver
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hyster/o
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uterus
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inguin/o
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groin
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isch/o
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to hold back
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lapar/o
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abdomen
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laryng/o
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larynx (voice box)
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leuk/o
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white
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mamm/o
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breast
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mast/o
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breast
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men/o
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menses; month
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mening/o
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meninges
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my/o
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muscle
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myel/o
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spinal cord
bone marrow |
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necr/o
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death (of cells)
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nephr/o
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kidneys
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neur/o
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nerve
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oophor/o
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ovary
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oste/o
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bone
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ot/o
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ear
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pelv/o
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hip area
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peritone/o
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peritoneum
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phleb/o
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vein
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pneumon/o
pulmon/o |
lung
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radi/o
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x-rays
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ren/o
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kidney (use with -AL and -GRAM)
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rhin/o
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nose
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salping/o
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fallopian (uterine) tube
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sarc/o
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flesh
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septic/o
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pertaining to infection
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thorac/o
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chest
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tonsill/o
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tonsil
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trache/o
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trachea (windpipe)
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ur/o
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urine or urea; urinary tract
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vascul/o
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blood vessel
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-algia
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pain
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-emia
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blood condition
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-ia
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condition
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-itis
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inflammation
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Appendicitis
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Inflammation of the appendix
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Bursitis
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Inflammation of a small sac of fluid (bursa) near a joint
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Cellulitis
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Inflammation of soft tissue under the skin
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Dermatitis
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Inflammation of the skin
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Endocarditis
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Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium)
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Gastritis
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Inflammation of the stomach
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Hepatitis
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Inflammation of the liver
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Myositis
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Inflammation of muscle
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Nephritis
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Inflammation of the kidney
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Osteomyelitis
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Inflammation of bone & bone marrow
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Otitis
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Inflammation of the ear
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Peritonitis
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Inflammation of the peritoneum
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Thrombophlebitis
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Inflammation of a vein with formation of clots
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-megaly
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enlargement
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-oma
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tumor, mass
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3 Layers of the Meninges
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Outer Layer - Dura Mater
Middle Layer - Arachnoid Inner Layer - Pia Mater |
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Chondrosarcoma
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Cancer of cartilage tissue
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Fibrosarcoma
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Cancer of fibrous tissue
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Leiomyosarcoma
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Cancer of visceral muscle (muscle attached to internal organs)
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Liposarcoma
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Cancer of fatty tissue
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Osteogenic Sarcoma
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Cancer of bone
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Rhabdomyosarcoma
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Cancer of skeletal muscle
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Hepatoma
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Malignant tumor of the liver
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Lymphoma
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Malignant tumor of lymph nodes
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Melanoma
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Malignant tumor of pigmented cells in the skin
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Mesothelioma
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Malignant tumor of pleural cells (membrane surrounding the lungs)
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Multiple Myeloma
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Malignant tumor of bone marrow cells
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Thymoma
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Malignant tumor of the thymus gland (located in the mediastinum)
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-osis
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Abnormal condition
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-pathy
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disease condition
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Adrenopathy
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Disease condition of the adrenal glands
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Hepatopathy
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Disease condition of the liver
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Lymphadenopathy
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Disease condition of the lymph nodes
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Myopathy
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Disease condition of the muscles
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Neuropathy
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Disease condition of the nerves
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Osteopathy
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Disease condition of the bones
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Retinopathy
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Disease condition of the retina of the eyes
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--rrhea
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flow, discharge
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--rrhage
--rrhagia |
excessive discharge of blood
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-sclerosis
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hardening
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-uria
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condition of urine
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-centesis
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surgical puncture to remove fluid
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-ectomy
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removal, resection, excision
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Adenectomy
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Excision of a gland
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Adenoidectomy
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Excision of the adenoids
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Appendectomy
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Excision of the appendix
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Colectomy
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Excision of the colon
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Gastrectomy
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Excision of the stomach
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Laminectomy
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Excision of a piece of backbone (lamina) to relieve pressure on nerves from a (herniating) disk
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Myomectomy
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Excision of a muscle tumor (commonly a fibroid of the uterus)
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Pneumonectomy
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Excision of lung tissue
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Splenectomy
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Excision of the spleen
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-gram
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record
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-graphy
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process of recording
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-plasty
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surgical repair, or surgical correction
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-scopy
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process of visual examination
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-stomy
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opening
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-therapy
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treatment
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-tomy
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incision, cutting into
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Hepatomegaly
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Enlargement of the liver
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Otalgia
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Pain in the ear
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Ischemia
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Holding back blood from an organ
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Leukocytosis
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Abnormal condition of white blood cells (slight increase in normal cells to fight infection)
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Pneumonia
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Abnormal condition of the lung (inflammation and accumulation of material often caused by bacterial infection)
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Esophagitis
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Inflammation of the esophagus
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Cardiomyopathy
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Disease of heart muscle
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Hematoma
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Collection or mass of blood
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Chemotherapy
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Treatment using chemicals to destroy malignant cells
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Mammogram
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X-ray record of the breast
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Thoracentesis
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Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest
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Hysterectomy
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Removal of the uterus
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Angiography
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Process of recording x-ray images of blood vessels after injection of contrast
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Laryngoscopy
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Visual examination of the larynx (voice box)
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Phlebotomy
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Incision of a vein to withdraw blood
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Hemorrhage
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Excessive discharge of blood
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Atherosclerosis
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Hardening of fatty plaque (in the lining of the arteries)
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Chronic
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Pertaining to time (occurring over a long period of time)
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Myelogram
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X-ray record of the spinal cord
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Cryotherapy
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Treatment using cold temperatures
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Electroencephalogram
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Record of electricity in the brain
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Amniocentesis
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Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the membrane surrounding the fetus
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Myalgia
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Muscle pain
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Meloma or multiple myeloma
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Malignant tumor of bone marrow
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Cardiomegaly
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Enlargement of the heart
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Necrosis
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Abnormal condition of the death of cells
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Nephropathy
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Disease condition of the kidney
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Craniotomy
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Incision of the skull
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Neuritis
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Inflammation of a nerve
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Arthritis
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Inflammation of a joint
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Salpingitis
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Inflammation of the fallopian tubes
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Laryngitis
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Inflammation of the larynx (voice box)
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Encephalitis
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Inflammation of the brain
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Osteitis
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Inflammation of the bone
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Meningitis
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Inflammation of meninges
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Rhinitis
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Inflammation of the nose
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Vasculitis
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Inflammation of the blood vessels
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Mastitis
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Inflammation of the breast
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Tonsillitis
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Inflammation of the tonsils
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Colitis
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Inflammation of the colon
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Pharyngitis
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Inflammation of the throat (pharynx)
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Tracheitis
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Inflammation of the trachea (windpipe)
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Cholecystectomy
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Excision of the gall bladder
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Mastectomy
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Excision of a breast
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Oophorectomy
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Excision of an ovary
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Laryngectomy
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Excision of the larynx (voice box)
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Nephrectomy
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Excision of a kidney
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Salpingectomy
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Excision of a fallopian tube
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Tonsillectomy
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Excision of tonsils
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Laparotomy
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Incision of the abdomen
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Thoracotomy
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Incision of the chest
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Tracheostomy
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Opening of the windpipe to the outside of the body
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Colostomy
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Opening of the colon to the outside of the body
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Arthrocentesis
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Surgical puncture to remove the fluid from a joint
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Stroke
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Cerebrovascular accident
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Heart attack
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Myocardial infarction
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Use of a machine that filters waste from the blood
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Hemodialysis
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Injection of fluid into the abdominal cavity and then withdrawal of that fluid (containing waste material)
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Peritoneal dialysis
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Noncancerous tumor of the muscle
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Myoma
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Cancerous tumor of muscle
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Myosarcoma
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High levels of wastes (urea) in the blood
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Uremia
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Blood in the urine
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Hematuria
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High numbers of malignant white blood cells
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Leukemia
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Slightly elevated numbers of white blood cells due to an infection in the body
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Leukocytosis
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Normal discharge of blood during menstruation
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Menorrhea
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Excessive bleeding during menstruation
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Menorrhagia
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Hardening of arteries
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Arteriosclerosis
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Use of high energy rays to treat cancerous tumors
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Radiotherapy
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Acute
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Sharp, sudden, and intense for a short period of time
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Anastomosis
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New surgical connection between two previously unconnected bowel parts, vessels, or ducts
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Angioplasty
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Surgical repair of a blood vessel
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Arthropathy
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Disease of joints
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Axillary
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Pertaining to the armpit
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Colocolostomy
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New surgical connection between two previously unconnected portions of the colon.
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Erythrocytosis
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Abnormal condition (slight increase in #'s) of RBCs
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Infarction
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Area of dead tissue (necrosis) caused by decreased blood flow to that part of the body
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Mammoplasty
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Surgical repair/reconstruction of the breast
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Phlebitis
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Inflammation of a vein
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ad-
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toward
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ab-
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away
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peri-
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surrounding
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per-
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through
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cyt/o
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cell
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abdomin/o
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abdomen
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an/o
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anus
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bi/o
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life
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carp/o
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to cut
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cost/o
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ribs
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cutane/o
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skin
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dur/o
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dura mater
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gen/o
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to produce
to begin |
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glyc/o
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sugar
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later/o
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side
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nat/i
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birth
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norm/o
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rule, order
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scapul/o
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scapula
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son/o
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sound
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thyroid/o
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thyroid gland
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top/o
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to put, place, position
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troph/o
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development, nourishment
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urethr/o
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urethra
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uter/o
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uterus
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ven/o
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vein
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vertebr/o
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vertebra
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-ation
|
process, condition
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-cision
|
process of cutting
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-crine
|
secretion
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-dipsia
|
thirst
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-gen
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to produce
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-ism
|
condition, process
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-lapse
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to fall, slide
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-lysis
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loosening, breakdown, separation, destruction
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-meter
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to measure
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-mission
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to send
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-mortem
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death
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-partum
|
birth
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-phagia
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to eat, swallow
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-phasia
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to speak
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-plasm
|
formation
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-plegia
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paralysis
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-pnea
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breathing
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-rrhea
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flow, discharge
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-section
|
to cut
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-stasis
|
to stand, place, stop, control
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-tension
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pressure
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-thesis
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to put, place (state of putting or placing)
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-trophy
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nourishment; development
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-um
|
structure
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-y
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process, condition
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ana-
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up, apart
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ante-
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before, forward
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anti-
|
against
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a-, an-
|
no, not, without
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bi-
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two, both
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brady-
|
slow
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con-
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with, together
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dia-
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complete, through
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dys-
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bad, painful, difficult, abnormal
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ec-
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out, outside
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endo-
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within, in, inner
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epi-
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above, upon
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ex-
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out
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extra-
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outside of
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hemi-
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half
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hyper-
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excessive, too much, above
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hypo-
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deficient, too little, below
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in-
|
in, into
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inter-
|
between
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intra-
|
within
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mal-
|
bad
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meta-
|
change, beyond
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neo-
|
new
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para-
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beside, near, along the side of
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poly-
|
many, much
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post-
|
after, behind
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pre-
|
before
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pro-
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before, forward
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pros-
|
before, forward
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quadri-
|
four
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re-
|
back, behind
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retro-
|
back, behind
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sub-
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under, less than
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syn-
|
with, together
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tachy-
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fast
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trans-
|
across, through
|
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tri-
|
three
|
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ultra-
|
beyond
|
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uni-
|
one
|
|
|
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
|
Severe infections, malignancy (Kaposi sarcoma and lymphoma), fever, malaise (discomfort), and GI disturbances.
It is caused by a virus that damages lymphocytes (WBCs) |
|
|
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
|
Pain, tingling, burning, and numbness of the hand. A nerve leading to the hand is compressed by connective tissue fibers in the wrist.
|
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Down Syndrome
|
Mental retardation, flat face w/ a short nose, slanted eyes, broad hands and feet, stubby fingers, and protruding lower lip.
The syndrome occurs when an extra chromosome is present in each cell of the body. |
|
|
Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome
|
Abnormal sounds (murmurs) heard through a stethoscope placed on the chest. These murmurs indicate that the mitral valve is not closing properly.
Chest pain, dyspnea (difficulty breathing), and fatigue are other symptoms |
|
|
Toxic Shock Syndrome
|
High fever, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, hypotension, and shock.
It is caused by a bacterial infection in the vagina of menstruating women using super absorbent tampons. |
|
|
Quadriplegia
|
paralysis of all four limbs
|
|
|
Benign tumor
|
noncancerous growth that does not spread
|
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ben-
|
good
|
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Malignant tumor
|
cancerous growth that spreads like a "wild fire" from its original location to other organs
|
|
|
Name the hormone(s) associated with the adrenal glands
|
Adrenaline (epinephrine)
|
|
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Name the hormone(s) associated with the ovaries
|
Estrogen
Progesterone |
|
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Name the hormone(s) associated with the pancreas
|
Insulin
|
|
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Name the hormone(s) associated with the parathyroid glands
|
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
|
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Name the hormone(s) associated with the pituitary glands
|
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Growth hormone (GH) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) |
|
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Name the hormone(s) associated with the testes
|
Testosterone
|
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Name the hormone(s) associated with the thyroid gland
|
Thyroxine (T4)
|
|
|
Arthroscopy
|
Visual examination of a joint
|
|
|
Bronchoscopy
|
Visual examination of the bronchial tubes
|
|
|
Colonoscopy
|
Visual examination of the colon (large intestine)
|
|
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Cystoscopy
|
Visual examination of the urinary bladder
|
|
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Esophagoscopy
|
Visual examination of the esophagus
|
|
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Gastroscopy
|
Visual examination of the stomach
|
|
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Hysteroscopy
|
Visual examination of the uterus
|
|
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Laparoscopy
|
Visual examination of the abdomen
|
|
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Mediastinoscopy
|
Visual examination of the mediastinum
|
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Proctosigmoidoscopy
|
Visual examination of the rectum and sigmoid colon
|
|
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Sigmoidoscopy
|
Visual examination of the sigmoid colon
|
|
|
Aplastic anemia
|
Bone marrow fails to produce RBCs (erythrocytes), WBCs (leukocytes), and clotting cells (platelets)
|
|
|
Hemolytic anemia
|
RBCs are destroyed and bone marrow cannot compensate for their loss. This condition can be hereditary or acquired (after infection or chemo) or can occur when the immune system acts against normal RBCs (autoimmune condition)
|
|
|
Iron deficiency anemia
|
Low iron levels lead to low hemoglobin concentration or deficiency of RBCs
|
|
|
Pernicious anemia
|
The mucous membrane of the stomach fails to produce a substance (intrinsic factor) that is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 and the proper formation of RBCs
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Sickle cell anemia
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Erythrocytes assume an abnormal crescent or sickle shape; this "sickling" is due to the inheritance of an abnormal type of hemoglobin. The sickle-shaped-cells clump together, causing clots that block blood vessels.
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A patient with hearing loss in both ears has a __________ condition
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bilateral
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SIDS is an example of sleep _______
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apnea
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A protein produced by WBCs in response to a foreign substance, such as bacterium or virus, is a/an ____________
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Antibody
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A foreign substance, such as bacteria or virus, is a/an _________
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Antigen
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Decrease in hemoglobin in the blood to below the normal change produces a condition known as ____________
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Anemia
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A condition of frequent, loose watery stools that seems to "flow through" the body is called __________
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Diarrhea
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The separation of substances into their component parts is known as ___________.
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Analysis
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An agent produced from olds or synthesized in a laboratory to destroy microorganisms is a/an _____________.
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Antibiotic
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A condition in which the heart rate is less than 60 bpm is _____________
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Bradycardia
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Having an arm in a cost and not using it can cause ___________
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atrophy
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Without speech
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Aphasia
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Lack of menstrual flow
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Amenorrhea
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Before birth
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Antepartum or prenatal
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Glands located near the kidneys
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Adrenal
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An irregularity appearing with birth
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Congenital
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Separation of waste materials from the blood when the kidneys fail
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Dialysis
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Pain associated with menstrual flow
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Dysmenorrhea
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Cutting into a part of the body
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Incision
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Any abnormal development in tissues or organs
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Dysplasia
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Cutting out a part of the body
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Excision
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Painful burning sensation upon urination
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Dysuria
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Painful breathing that may be caused by anxiety, strenuous exercise, or certain heart conditions
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Dyspnea
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The outer layer of skin
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Epidermis
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Pertaining to the outside of the liver
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Extrahepatic
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Difficulty in swallowing
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Dysphagia
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Visual examination (via an endoscope) of what is within an organ
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Endoscopy
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A mass of blood above the membrane surrounding the brain is a/an __________.
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Epidural hematoma
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Paralysis of half of the body related to a stroke is ___________.
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Hemiplegia
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intervertebral
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Pertaining to between the vertebrae (backbones)
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periosteum
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membrane surrounding a bone
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Two symptoms of diabetes are:
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Polyuria
Polydipsia |
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Disease of many nerves
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Polyneuropathy
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Rapid breathing
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Tachypnea
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Recovery and disappearance of symptoms
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Remission
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Recurrence of symptoms of an illness is a/an _______
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Relapse
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-al
-ar -ary -eal -ic -ine -ous -tic |
pertaining to
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The membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen
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Peritoneum
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The muscle separating the chest and the abdomen
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Diaphragm
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The membrane surrounding the lungs
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Pleura
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The space between the lungs in the chest is the
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Mediastinum
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The space that contains organs such as the stomach, liver, gallbladder, and intestines is the
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Abdominal cavity
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The backbones are the
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spinal column
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The nerves running down the back form the
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Spinal cord
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A single backbone is a
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Vertebra
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A piece of cartilage in between 2 backbones is a
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Disk
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5 divisions of the spinal column from neck --> tailbone
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Cervical
Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Coccygeal |
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Posterior
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Pertaining to the back
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Anterior
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Pertaining to the front
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Plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts
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Transverse (axial) Plane
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Image of body using magnetic waves
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MRI
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Plane that divides the body into right and left parts
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Saggital Plane
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Flexible connective tissue found between bones at joints
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Cartilage
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Plane that divides the body into front and back parts
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Frontal (coronal) Plane
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Series of cross-sectional x-ray images
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CT scan
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Thoracic
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Pertaining to the chest
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anter/o
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Front
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cervic/o
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neck
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chondr/o
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cartilage
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coccyg/o
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Tailbone
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epitheli/o
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Skin
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lumb/o
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Loin/waist region
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poster/o
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back/behind
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sacr/o
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sacrum
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spin/o
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backbone
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cephal/o
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head
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derm/o
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skin
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enter/o
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intestines
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erythr/o
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red
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gnos/o
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knowledge
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gynec/o
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woman/female
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onc/o
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tumor
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ophthalm/o
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eye
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path/o
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disease
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psych/o
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mind
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thromb/o
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clotting
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-globin
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protein
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-logist
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specialist in the study of
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-logy
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study of
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aut-
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self
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cephalgia
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headache
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dysentery
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condition of painful intestine
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dermatosis
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abnormal condition of the skin
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crin/o
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secrete
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Trichophagia
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Habit of eating hair
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Subungal
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Pertaining to under a nail
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Nosocomial
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Pertaining to infection in a hospital
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-stasis
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To stand, place
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Diverticulosis
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Abnormal condition of small pouches in the lining of the intestine
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Subcostal
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Below the ribs
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Erythromycin
|
Antibiotic that is produced from a red mold
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|
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Atelectasis
|
Condition of collapsed lung
|
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|
Choledochoduodenostomy
|
Surgical attachment of common bile duct to duodenum = anastomosis
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|
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Aortic stenosis
|
Narrowing of the aorta
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|
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Lithotripsy
|
Crushing stone in the urinary tract using ultra sonic vibrations
|
|
|
-stomy
|
New opening
|
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Exophalthmos
|
Abnormal protrusion of eyeballs (usually caused my hyperthyroidism)
|
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|
Tympanoplasty
|
Surgical repair of eardrum
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