Medical Terminology

Front 1

ASSESMENT

Back 1

Evalutation of appraisal of a condition

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VITAL SIGNS

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Temperature, pulse resperation and blood pressure

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AUSCULATION

Back 3

Listenting of sounds through a stethoscope

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RHONCHUS

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Abnormal sound heard while listening to insperation or resperation or both

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STRIDOR

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High pitched harsh sound heard during inhalation. Stridor is result of partial blockage of the pharynx, larynxx and trachea.

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BRUIT

Back 6

Abnormal sound heard during ausculation of an artery

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HEART MURMUR

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Abnormal heart sound that is most commonly a sign of abnormal function of the heart valves

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ABDOMINAL SOUNDS

Back 8

Normal noises of the intestines

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PALPATATION

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Examiners hands are used to feel size, consistency and location of certain body parts

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PERCUSSION

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Diagnostic procedure to determine density of body part by tapping surface with fingers

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OPHTHALMOSCOPE

Back 11

An instrument used to examine the interior of the eye

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OTOSCOPE

Back 12

An instrument used to examine the external ear canal and tympanic membrane

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SPECULUM

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An instrument used to enlarge the opening of a canal or cavity to facilitate inspection of its interior

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STETHOSCOPE

Back 14

An instrument used to listen to sounds within the body

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RECUMBENT

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Position in which the patient laying down

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PRONE POSITION

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Patient is laying on belly face down

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HORIZONTAL RECUMBENT POSITION- SUPINE POSITION

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Patient is lying on back with face up

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DORSAL RECUMBENT POSITION

Back 18

Patient is laying on back with knees bent

Front 19

SIM'S POSITION

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Patient is lying on left side with the right knee and thigh drawn up with the left arm placed along the back

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KNEE-CHEST POSITION

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Patient is laying face down with the hips bent so that the knees and chest rest on the table

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LITHOTOMY POSITION

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Patient is lying on back with feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups

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STAT

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Results needed immediately

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PROFILE

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Automated multichannel laboratory test

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PHLEBOTOMIST

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Individual trained and skilled in phlebotomy

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CAPILLARY PUNCTURE

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Technique used when only a small amount of blood is needed

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COMPLETE BLOOD CELL COUNT

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series of tests to evaluate several blood conditions

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ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE

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Test on speed of separation of red blood cells from plasma and settle to the bottom of countainer

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HEMATOCRIT

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Percentage of volume of blood sample occupied by red cells

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PLATELET COUNT

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Number of platelets in a specified amount of blood and is a screening test to evaluate platelet function

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RED BLOOD CELL COUNT

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Determination of the number of erythrocytes in blood

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TOTAL HEMOGLOBIN TEST

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Usually part of a complete blood cell count

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WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT

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Determination of the number of leukocytes in blood.

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WHITE BLOOD CELL DIFFERENTIAL TEST

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Determines what percentage of the total count is composed of each of the 5 type of leukocyte

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BASIC METABOLIC PANEL

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8 specific blood test on status kidney's, electrolyte balance, blood sugar and calcium levels

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BLOOD UREA NITROGEN TEST

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Measures amount of nitrogen in the blood due to the waste product urea

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CROSSMATCH TESTS

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Determination compatibility of a donor and recipient blood before transfusion

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C-REACTIVE PROTEIN TEST

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Performed to identify high levels of inflammation within the body

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LIPID PANEL

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Measures amount of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL),low- density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides in a blood sample

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PROTHROMBIN TIME

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Test used to diagnose conditions associated with abnormalities of clotting time and to monitor anti coagulant therapy

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SERUM BILIRUBIN TEST

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Measures ability of liver to take up, process, and secrete bilirubin into the bile

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THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE ASSAY

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Measures circulating blood levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone that indicate abnormal thyroid activity

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SPECIFIC GRAVITY

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Urine reflects the amount of wastes, minerals and solids that are present

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URINE CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY TEST

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Lab test used to determine which antibiotic would be the most effective treatment

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LAPAROSCOPY

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Visual examination of the interior of the abdomen with a laproscope that is passed through a small incision in the abdominal wall

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CONTRAST MEDIUM

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Administered swallowing to make a body structure visual

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RADIOPAQUE

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Substance does not allow x-rays to pass through and appears white or light gray on resulting film

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RADIONLUCENT

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Substance air or nitrogen gas does not allow x-rays to pass through and appears black or dark gray on resulting film

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BARIUM

Back 48

Contrast medium used to visualize the gastrointestinal track

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RADIOLOGY

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An image of hard-tissue internal structures is created by the exposure of sensitized film to x-radiation/x-ray

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RADIOLOGIST

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Physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders with x-rays and other forms of radiant energy

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RADIOGRAPHIC POSTIONING

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Describes the body placement and the part of the body closest to the x-ray film

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RADIOGRAPHIC PROJECTION

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Path that the x-ray beam follows through the body from entrance to exit

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ANTERORPOSTERIOR (AP) PROJECTION

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Patient back parallel to the film

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POSTEROANTERIOR PROJECTION (PA)

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Patient positioned facing the film and parallel to it

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LATERAL PROJECTION (LAT)

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Patient positioned at right angles to the film.

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OBLIQUE PROJECTION(OBL)

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Patient positioned so that the body is slanted sideways to the film

Front 57

EXTRAORAL RADIOGRAPHY

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Film is placed and exposed outside of the mouth

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PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPH

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Shows all structures in both dental arches in a single film

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INTRAORAL RADIOGRAPHY

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Film is placed in mouth and exposed by camera position next to the posterior of the cheek

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PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHS

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Show the entire tooth and surrounding tissue

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BITE-WING RADIOGRAPHS

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Show the crown of the teeth in both arches on one side of the mouth

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COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

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This fan shaped beam rotates to produce multiple cross-sectional views of the body

Front 63

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI)

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Combination of radio waves and a strong magnetic field to create signals that are sent to a computer and converted into images of any plane through the body

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MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY ( MRA)

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Combined with contrast medium to locate problems within blood vessels throughout body

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FLUOROSCOPY

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Visualization of the body parts in motion by projecting x-ray images on a luminous fluorescent screen

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CINERADIOGRAPHY

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Recording of images as they appear in motion on a fluorescent screen

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ULTRASONOGRAPHY

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Imaging of deep body structures by recording the echoes of pulses of sound waves that are above the range of human hearing

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SONOGRAM

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Image created by ultrasonography

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ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

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Ultrasonic diagnostics procedure used to evaluate the structures and motion of the heart

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DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAM

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Same as echocardiogram; however this procedure measures speed and direction of blood flow within the heart

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FETAL ULTRASOUND

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Non invasive procedure used to image evaluate fetal development during pregnancy

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TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

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Ultrasonic imaging technique used to evaluate heart structures

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NUCLEAR MEDICINE

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Radio active substances (radiopharmaceuticals) administered for either diagnostic or treatment purposes

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NUCLEAR SCAN

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Diagnostic procedure that uses nuclear medicine technology to gather information about the structure and function of organs or body systems that cannot be seen on x-rays

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NUCLEAR SCAN

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Diagnostic procedure that uses nuclear medicine technology to gather informations about the structure and function of organs or body systems that cannot be seen on x-rays

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BONE SCAN

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Nuclear scanning test identifies new areas of bone growth or break down

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THYROID SCAN

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Radiopharmaceutical containing radio active iodine is administered. Provides info on size, shape location and relative activity of different parts of the thyroid gland

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SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
(SPECT)

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Nuclear imaging test that produces 3D computer-reconstructed images showing profusion through tissues and organs

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POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY(PET)

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Combines tomograpy with radionuclide tracers to produce enhanced images of selected body organs or areas

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ADVERSE DRUG REACTION(ADR)

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Undesirable reaction that accompanies the principal response for which the drug was taken

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Compliance

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Patient's consistency and accuracy in the following regimen prescibed by a physician or other health care professional

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Drug interaction

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Result of drungs reacting with eachother

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Idiosyncratic reaction

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Unexpected reaction to a drug that is peculiar to the individual

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Palliative

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Substance that eases the pain or severity of the symptoms of a disease, but does not cure it

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Paradoxial reaction

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is the result of medical treatment that yeilds that exact opposite of normally expected results

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Potentiation

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When one drug increases effect of another

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Antipyretic

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Medication administered to prevent or reduce fever

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Anti-Inflammatory

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Relieves inflammation and pain without effecting ones conciouness

Front 89

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

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Non narcotic analgesic administered to control painby reducing inflammation and swelling

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Transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation

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Method of pain control by wearing a device that delivers small electrical impulses as needed to the nerve endings through the skin

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Sublingual administration

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Is the placement of medication under the tounge

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Topical application

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Liquid or ointment that is rubbed into skin on the area to be treated

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Transdermal

Back 93

Medication that is administered from a patch that is applied to unbroken skin

Front 94

Parenteral

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Taken into the body, or administered, in a manner other than through the digestive tract