Medical Terminology 9

Front 1

anastomosis

Back 1

surgical joining of 2 ducts, blood vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to the other.

Front 2

angiography

Back 2

A radiographic technique where a radio-opaque (shows up on X-ray) contrast material is injected into a blood vessel for the purpose of identifying its anatomy on X-ray. This technique is used to image arteries in the brain, heart, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, aorta, neck (carotids), chest, limbs and pulmonary circuit.

Front 3

arrhythmia

Back 3

Any variation from the normal rhythm of the heart beat, including sinus arrhythmia, premature beat, heart block, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, pulsus alternans and paroxysmal tachycardia.

Front 4

ascites

Back 4

abnormal connection of fluid within the peritoneal cavity (the serous membrane that lines the entire abdominal cavity)

Front 5

atheroslerosis

Back 5

for of arteriosclerosis hardening of the arteries characterized by fatty deposits building up within the inner layers of the walls of larger arteries.

Front 6

bruit

Back 6

abnormal sound or murmur heard when listening to a carotid artery, organ, or gland with a stethoscope.

Front 7

carditis

Back 7

inflammation of the heart muscles.

Front 8

claudication

Back 8

cramplike pain in the calves of the legs caused by poor circulation to the muscles of the legs.

Front 9

coronary

Back 9

one of a pair of arteries that branch from the aorta, the coronary arteries and their branches supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle.

Front 10

diastole

Back 10

period of relaxation of the heart, alternating with the contradiction phase known as systole.

Front 11

dysrhythmia

Back 11

abnormal rhythm.

Front 12

edema

Back 12

localized or generalized of fluid within the body tissues causing the area to swell.

Front 13

endocarditis

Back 13

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart.

Front 14

homan's sign

Back 14

Slight pain at the back of the knee or calf when the ankle is slowly and gently dorsiflexed (with the knee bent), indicative of incipient or established thrombosis in the veins of the leg.

Front 15

hyperlipidemia

Back 15

excessive level of fats in the blood.

Front 16

hypertension

Back 16

elevated blood pressure persistently higher than 140/90 blood pressure

Front 17

hypotension

Back 17

low blood pressure less than the normal blood pressuring reading.

Front 18

infarction

Back 18

localized area of necrosis (death) in tissue, a vessel, an organ, or a part, resulting from lack of oxygen(anoxia) due to interrupted blood flow to the area

Front 19

ischemia

Back 19

decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part or organ.

Front 20

lipid

Back 20

any of a group of fats or fatlike substances found in the blood

Front 21

lumen

Back 21

cavity or channel within any organ or structure of the body; the space within the artery, vein, intestine, or tube.

Front 22

malaise

Back 22

vague feeling of the body weakness or discomfort, often indicating the onset of an illness or disease.

Front 23

murmur

Back 23

low-pitched humming or fluttering sound, as in a heart murmur, heard on auscultation.

Front 24

myocarditis

Back 24

Inflammation of the myocardium, inflammation of the muscular walls of the heart.

Front 25

occlusion

Back 25

closure or state of being closed.

Front 26

palpable

Back 26

detectable by touch

Front 27

pericarditis

Back 27

Inflammation of the pericardium-double membraneous sac that encloses the heart and the origins of the great blood vessels.

Front 28

pitting edema

Back 28

swelling, usually of the skin of the extremities, that when pressed firmly with a finger will maintain the dent produced by the finger.

Front 29

prophylactic

Back 29

agent that protects against disease.

Front 30

systole

Back 30

contraction phase of the heartbeat forcing blood into the aorta and the pulmonary arteries.first sound heard on auscultation.

Front 31

thrombosis

Back 31

formation or existence of a blood clot.

Front 32

vasoconstriction

Back 32

narrowing of the lumen of the blood vessel

Front 33

lumen

Back 33

cavity or the channel within any organ or structure of the body.

Front 34

anorexia

Back 34

loss of appetite

Front 35

anxiety

Back 35

feeling of apprehension, uneasiness, or dread, especially the future.

Front 36

bradycardia

Back 36

slow heart rate that is characterized by a pulse rate under 60 beats per minute

Front 37

chest pain

Back 37

feeling of discomfort in teh chest area.

Front 38

cyanosis

Back 38

slightly bluish, slatelike or dark discoloration of the skin due to the presence of abnormal amounts of reduced hemoglobin in the blood.

Front 39

dyspnea

Back 39

air hunger resulting in labored or difficult breathing, sometimes accompanied by pain.

Front 40

fatigue

Back 40

feeling of tiredness or weariness resulting from continued activity or a side effect from some pyschotropic drugs.

Front 41

fever

Back 41

elevation of temperature above the normal

Front 42

headache/cephalgia

Back 42

diffuse pain portions of the head and not confined to any nerve distribution area

Front 43

nausea

Back 43

unpleasant sensation usually proceeding vomiting

Front 44

pallor

Back 44

lack of color; palenss

Front 45

palpitation

Back 45

rapid, violent, or throbbing pulsation as an abnormally rapid throbbing or fluttering of the heart.

Front 46

sweat/perspiration/
diaphoresis

Back 46

perspiration; the liquid secreted by the sweat glands having a salty taste.

Front 47

tachycardia

Back 47

abnormal rapidity of heart action, usually defined as a heart rate over 100 beats per minute.

Front 48

vomiting/emesis

Back 48

ejection through the mouth of the gastric contents

Front 49

weakness

Back 49

lacking physical strength or vigor(energy).

Front 50

coronary artery disease

Back 50

narrowing of the coronary arteries to the extent that adequate blood supply to the myocardium is prevented.

Front 51

percuatneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

Back 51

nonsurgical procedure in which a catheter equipped with a small inflatable balloon on the end is inserted into the femoral artery and is threaded up the aorta into the narrowed coronary artery.

Front 52

directional coronary atherectomy

Back 52

uses a catheter which has a small mechanically driven cutter that shaves the plaque and stores it in a collection chamber.

Front 53

coronary bypass surgery

Back 53

designed to increase the blood flow to the myocardial muscle and involves bypass grafts to the coronary arteries that reroute the blood flow around the occuded area of the coronary artery.

Front 54

angina pectoris

Back 54

severe pain and constriction about the heart, usually radiating to the left shoulder and down the left arm, creating a feeling of pressure in the anterior chest.

Front 55

myocardial infarction

Back 55

heart attack: a condition caused by occlusion of one or more of the coronary arteries.

Front 56

congestive heart failure

Back 56

characterized by weakness, breathlessness, abdominal discomfort; edema in the lower portion of the body resulting from the flow of the blood through the vessels being slowed and the outflow of blood from the left side of the heart is reduced.

Front 57

rheumatic fever

Back 57

inflammatory disease that may develop as a delayed reaction to insufficiently treated Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection of the upper respiratory tract.

Front 58

mitral valve prolapse

Back 58

drooping of one or both cusps of the mitral valve back into the left atrium during ventricular systole resulting in incomplete closure of the valve and mitral insufficiency.

Front 59

aneurysm

Back 59

localized dilation of an artery formed at a weak point in the vessel wall.

Front 60

arteriosclerosis

Back 60

arterial condition in which there is thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries, resulting in decreased blood supply.

Front 61

thrombophlebitis

Back 61

inflammation of a vein associated with the formation of a thrombus (clot) most frequently in a leg.

Front 62

varicose veins

Back 62

enlarged superficial veins, twisted, dilated veins with incompetent valves.

Front 63

sclerotherapy

Back 63

form of treatment that involves the injection of a chemical irritant into the varicosed vein.

Front 64

vein stripping

Back 64

surgical procedure that consists of ligation of the saphenous vein.

Front 65

hypertension

Back 65

condition in which the patient has a higher blood pressure than that judged to be normal

Front 66

essential hypertension

Back 66

accounting for approximately 90% of all hypertension has no single known cause.

Front 67

secondary hypertension

Back 67

accounting for approximately 10% or less of all hypertension.

Front 68

malignant ypertension

Back 68

term given to hypertension that is severe and rapidly progressive.

Front 69

Raynaud's phenomenon

Back 69

intermittent attacks of vasoconstriction of the arterioles, causing pallor of the fingers or toes followed by cyanosis.

Front 70

peripheral arterial occlusive disease

Back 70

obstruction of the arteries in the extremities. leading cause of this disease is atherosclerosis which leads to narrowing of the lumen of the artery.

Front 71

tetralogy of fallot

Back 71

congenital heart anomaly that consists of 4 defects; pulmonary stenosis interventricular septal defect, dextraposition of the aorta so that it receives blood from both ventricles, and hypertrophy of the right ventricle.

Front 72

patent ductus arteriosus

Back 72

abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and aorta caused by failure of the fetal ductus arteriosus to close after birth.

Front 73

coarctation of the aorta

Back 73

congenital heart defect characterized by a localized narrowing of the aorta, which results in increased blood pressure in the upper extremities and decreased blood pressure in the lower extremities.

Front 74

heart block

Back 74

interference with the normal conduction of electric impulses that control activity of the heart muscle.

Front 75

atrial flutter

Back 75

condition in which the contraction of the atria become extremely rapid, at the rate of between 250 to 400 beats per minute.

Front 76

fibrillation

Back 76

extremely rapid, incomplete contractions of the atria resulting in disorganized and uncoordinated twitching of the atria.

Front 77

atrial flutter

Back 77

Pertaining to an atrium. -therapeutic block occurs at the AV node, preventing some impulse transmission.

Front 78

ventricular

Back 78

Pertaining to a ventricle.

Front 79

angiography

Back 79

x-ray visualization of the internal anatomy of the heart and blood vessels after introducing a radiopaque substance that promotes the imaging of internal structures that are otherwise difficult to see on x-ray film.

Front 80

cardiac catheterization

Back 80

diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is introduced into a large vein or artery, usually of an arm or a leg is then threaded thorugh the circulatory system to the heart.

Front 81

cardiac enzymes test

Back 81

performed on samples of blood obtained by venipuncture to determine the presence of damage to the myocardial muscle.

Front 82

computed axial tomography/CAT

Back 82

diagnostic x-ray technique that uses ionizing radiation to produce a cross-sectional image of the body.

Front 83

echocardiography/ECHO

Back 83

diagnostic procedure for studying the structure and motion of the heart.

Front 84

echocardiogram/ECG/EKG

Back 84

graphic record of the electrical action of the heart as reflected form various angles to the surface of the skin.

Front 85

excercise stress testing

Back 85

means of assessing cardiac function, by subjecting the patient to carefully controlled amounts of physical stress. ex: treadmill

Front 86

holter monitoring

Back 86

small portable monitoring device that makes prolonged electrocardiograph recordings on a portable tape recorder.

Front 87

magnetic resonance imaging/MRI

Back 87

involves the use of a strong magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to produce imaging that is valuable in providing images of the heart, large blood vessels, brain, and soft tissue.

Front 88

positron emission tomography/PET

Back 88

computerized x-ray technique that uses radioactive substances to examine the blood flow and the metabolic activity of various body structures

Front 89

serum lipid test

Back 89

measures the amount of fatty substances in a sample of blood obtained by venipuncture.

Front 90

thallium stress test

Back 90

combination of excercise stress testing with thallium imaging(myocardial perfusion scan) to assess changes in coronary blood flow during exercise.

Front 91

ASHD

Back 91

arteriosclerotic heart disease

Front 92

BP

Back 92

blood pressure

Front 93

CABG

Back 93

coronary artery bypass graft

Front 94

CAD

Back 94

coronary artery disease

Front 95

CCU

Back 95

coronary care unit

Front 96

CHD

Back 96

coronary heart disease

Front 97

CHF

Back 97

congestive heart failure

Front 98

CPR

Back 98

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Front 99

CT/CAT

Back 99

computed axial tomography(scan)

Front 100

DVT

Back 100

deep vein thrombosis

Front 101

ECG/EKG

Back 101

electrocardiogram

Front 102

ECHO

Back 102

echocardiogram

Front 103

HCVD

Back 103

hypertensive cardiovascular disease

Front 104

MI

Back 104

myocardial infarction

Front 105

MRI

Back 105

magnetic resonance imaging

Front 106

MVP

Back 106

mitral valve prolapse

Front 107

PAT

Back 107

paroxysmal atrial tachycardia

Front 108

PET

Back 108

positron emission tomography

Front 109

PTCA

Back 109

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

Front 110

PVCs

Back 110

premature ventricular contractions