Medical Terminology 8

Front 1

agnosia

Back 1

loss of mental ability to understand sensory stimuli, such as sight, sound, or touch, even though sensory organs themselves are functioning properly.

Front 2

agraphia

Back 2

Inability to convert one's thoughts into writing.

Front 3

alexia

Back 3

Inability to understand written words.

Front 4

analgesia

Back 4

Without sensitivity to pain.

Front 5

anesthesia

Back 5

Without feeling or sensation.

Front 6

aneurysm

Back 6

Localized dilation in the wall of an artery that expands with each pulsation of the artery; usually caused by hypertension or atherosclerosis.

Front 7

aphasia

Back 7

Inability to communicate through speech, writing or signs because of an injury to or disease in certain areas of the body.

Front 8

apraxia

Back 8

Inability to perform coordinated movements or use objects properly not associated with sensory or motor impairment or paralysis.

Front 9

ataxia

Back 9

without muscular coordination

Front 10

aura

Back 10

sensation an individual experiences prior to the onset of a migraine headache or an epileptic seizure, it may be a sensation of light or warmth and may precede the attack by hours or only a few seconds.

Front 11

bradykinesia

Back 11

abnormally slow movement.

Front 12

Brudzinksi's sign

Back 12

Positive sign of meningitis, in which there is an involuntary flexion of the arm, hip, and knee when the patient's neck is passively flexed.

Front 13

causalgia

Back 13

Sensation of an acute burning pain along the path of a peripheral nerve, sometimes accompanied by erythema of the skin; due to injury to peripheral nerve fibers.

Front 14

cephalgia

Back 14

pain in the head; head ache

Front 15

cheyne-stoke respirations

Back 15

abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by periods of apnea followed by deep, rapid breathing.

Front 16

coma

Back 16

Deep sleep in which the individual cannot be aroused and does not respond to external stimuli.

Front 17

comatose

Back 17

pertains to being in a coma.

Front 18

contracture

Back 18

Permanent shortening of a muscle causing a joint to remain in an abnormally flexed position, with resultant physical deformity.

Front 19

convolution (gyrus)

Back 19

one of the many elevated folds of the surface of the cerebrum.

Front 20

craniotomy

Back 20

surgical incision into the cranium or skull.

Front 21

dementia

Back 21

progressive, irreversible mental disorder in which the person has deteriorating memory, judgement, and ability to think.

Front 22

demyelination

Back 22

destruction or removal of the myelin sheath that covers a nerve or nerve fiber.

Front 23

diplopia (ambiopia)

Back 23

double vision

Front 24

dyslexia

Back 24

Condition characterized by an impairment of the ability to read; letters and words are often reversed when reading.

Front 25

dysphasia

Back 25

difficult speech

Front 26

embolism

Back 26

abnormal condition in which a blood clot becomes lodged in a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood within the vessel.

Front 27

encephalitis

Back 27

Inflammation of the brain.

Front 28

epidural hematoma

Back 28

Situated within the spinal canal, on or outside the dura mater (tough membrane surrounding the spinal cord), A localised collection of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space or tissue, due to a break in the wall of a blood vessel.

Front 29

epilepsy

Back 29

neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of sudden, brief attacks of seizures; the seizure may vary from mild and unnoticeable to full-scale convulsive seizures.

Front 30

fontanelle/fontanel

Back 30

space covered by tough membrane between the bones of an infant's cranium, called a soft spot.

Front 31

gait

Back 31

style of walking.

Front 32

ganglion

Back 32

knotlike mass of nerve tissue found outside the brain or spinal cord.

Front 33

hemiparesis

Back 33

slight or partial paralysis of one half of the body.

Front 34

hemiplegia

Back 34

paralysis of one half of the body.

Front 35

hydrocephalus

Back 35

A condition marked by dilatation of the cerebral ventricles,It is typically characterised by enlargement of the head, prominence of the forehead, brain atrophy, mental deterioration and convulsions, may be congenital or acquired and may be of sudden onset (acute h.) or be slowly progressive.

Front 36

hyperesthesia

Back 36

excessive sensitivity to sensory stimuli, such as pain or touch.

Front 37

hyperkinesis

Back 37

excessive muscular movement and physical activity; hyperactivity.

Front 38

kernig's sign

Back 38

diagnostic sign of meningitis marked by the person's inability to extend the leg completely when the thigh is flexed upon the abdomen and the person is sitting or lying down.

Front 39

kinesiology

Back 39

study of muscle movement.

Front 40

lethargy

Back 40

state of being sluggish

Front 41

meningitis

Back 41

three layers of protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.

Front 42

meningocele

Back 42

A protrusion of the membranes that cover the spine and part of the spinal cord through a bone defect in the vertebral column.

Front 43

meningomyelocele

Back 43

A congenital defect that is characterised by the protrusion of the membranes and cord through a defect in the vertebral column.

Front 44

narcolepsy

Back 44

uncontrolled, sudden attacks of sleep.

Front 45

nerve

Back 45

cordlike bundle of nerve fibers that transmit impulses to and from the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body.

Front 46

nerve block

Back 46

injection of a local anesthetic along the course of a nerve or nerves to eliminate sensation to the area supplied by the nerve.

Front 47

neuralgia

Back 47

severe, sharp, spasmlike plain that extends along the course of one or more nerves.

Front 48

neuritis

Back 48

inflammation of a nerve.

Front 49

neurologist

Back 49

physician who specializes in treating the diseases and disorders of the nervous system.

Front 50

neurology

Back 50

study of the nervous system and its disorders.

Front 51

neurosurgeon

Back 51

physician who specializes in surgery of the nervous system.

Front 52

neurosurgery

Back 52

any surgery involving the nervous system.

Front 53

nuchal rigidity

Back 53

rigidity of the neck; the neck is resistant to flexion.

Front 54

occlusion

Back 54

blockage

Front 55

palliative

Back 55

soothing.

Front 56

paraplegia

Back 56

paralysis of the lower extremities and trunk, usually due to spinal cord injuries.

Front 57

paresthesia

Back 57

sensation of numbness or tingling.

Front 58

peripheral neuritis

Back 58

Inflammation of a nerve, a condition attended by pain and tenderness over the nerves

Front 59

phagocytosis

Back 59

proces by which certain cells engulf and destroy microorganisms and cellular debris.

Front 60

quadriplegia

Back 60

paralysis of all 4 extremities and the trunk of the body; caused by injury to the spinal cord at the level of the cervical vertebrae.

Front 61

nerve block

Back 61

injection of a local anesthetic along the course of a nerve or nerves to eliminate sensation to the area supplied by the nerve.

Front 62

neuralgia

Back 62

severe, sharp, spasmlike plain that extends along the course of one or more nerves.

Front 63

neuritis

Back 63

inflammation of a nerve.

Front 64

neurologist

Back 64

physician who specializes in treating the diseases and disorders of the nervous system.

Front 65

neurology

Back 65

study of the nervous system and its disorders.

Front 66

neurosurgeon

Back 66

physician who specializes in surgery of the nervous system.

Front 67

neurosurgery

Back 67

any surgery involving the nervous system.

Front 68

nuchal rigidity

Back 68

rigidity of the neck; the neck is resistant to flexion.

Front 69

occlusion

Back 69

blockage

Front 70

palliative

Back 70

soothing.

Front 71

paraplegia

Back 71

paralysis of the lower extremities and trunk, usually due to spinal cord injuries.

Front 72

paresthesia

Back 72

sensation of numbness or tingling.

Front 73

peripheral neuritis

Back 73

Inflammation of a nerve, a condition attended by pain and tenderness over the nerves

Front 74

phagocytosis

Back 74

proces by which certain cells engulf and destroy microorganisms and cellular debris.

Front 75

quadriplegia

Back 75

paralysis of all 4 extremities and the trunk of the body; caused by injury to the spinal cord at the level of the cervical vertebrae.

Front 76

radiculotomy/rhizotomy

Back 76

surgical resection of a spinal nerve root, procedure performed to relieve pain.

Front 77

sciatica

Back 77

inflammation of the sciatic nerve; characterized by pain along the course of the nerve, radiating through the thigh and down the back of the leg.

Front 78

sensory

Back 78

pertaining to sensation.

Front 79

shunt

Back 79

tube or passage that diverts or redirects body fluid from one cavity or vessel to another.

Front 80

stupor

Back 80

state of lethargy; person is unresponsive and seems unaware of his or her surroundings.

Front 81

subdural hematoma.

Back 81

Situated under the dura mater, or between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane.A localised collection of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space or tissue, due to a break in the wall of a blood vessel.

Front 82

synapse

Back 82

space between the end of the one nerve and the beginning of another, through which nerve impulses are transmitted.

Front 83

syncope

Back 83

fainting.

Front 84

thrombosis

Back 84

abnormal condition in which a clot develops in a blood vessel.

Front 85

tonic-clonic seizure

Back 85

seizure characterized by the presence of muscle contractio or tension followed by relaxation.

Front 86

whiplash

Back 86

injury to the cervical vertebrae and their supporting structures due to a sudden back and forth jerking movement of teh head and neck.