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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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aortic aneurysm |
diagnosis of enlarged aorta; due to a weakened aortic wall |
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aortic dissection |
diagnosis in which the arterial wall splits apart |
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arrhythmia |
disturbance of rhythm in the heartbeat |
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aortic rupture |
diagnosis in which the arterial wall breaks open as could happen in aortic dissection, ruptured aortic aneurysm trauma |
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atrial fibrillation |
irregular beating of the atria; indicates that the sinus node in not conducting a normal sinus rhythm; a "fib" |
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atrial flutter |
irregular beating of the atria; often described as "a-flutter with 2 to 1 block or 3 to 1 block". |
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atrial septal defect |
ASD; a hole in the atrial septum that causes blood in the RA and LA to mix |
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bradycardia |
slow heart rate (HR<60) |
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cardiac ischemia |
decreased blood flow through the coronary vessels and to the heart; usually diagnosed by ST segment depressions on EKG |
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Cardiomegaly |
enlarged heart |
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cardiomyopathy |
disease of the heart muscle |
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dilated cardiomyopathy |
dysfunctional heart muscle because of an enlarged heart |
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extra systoles |
extra beats of teh heart head during auscultation |
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friction rub |
described as grating, scratching sound of the heart indicative of pericarditis |
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gallop |
three or four sounds, resembling the sounds of a gallop |
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irregularly irregular |
heart rhythm for anyone with atrial fibrillation |
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jugular vein infarction |
death of cardiac muscle due to prolonged ischemia when blood flow through the coronary artery is obstructed |
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myocarditis |
inflammation of the heart muscle |
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NSTEMI |
Non ST segment elevation MI; a heart attack that is not diagnosed on the EKG but is diagnosed by an elevated troponin on blood test |
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Pericardial tamponade |
diagnosis due to fluid in the pericardium that exerts pressure on the heart and hampers its ability to contract normally |
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pericarditis |
inflammation of the pericardium evidenced on physical exam by the presence of a friction rub on heart auscultation |
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pulse exam |
carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, dorsal pedis (DP) or posterior tibia (PT) |
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STEMI |
ST elevation myocardial infarction; when the EKG shows "ST segment elevation" it indicates an acute heart attack. |
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Tachycardia |
fast heart rate HR>100bpm |
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ventricular fibrillation |
irregular beating of the ventricles; this is a terminal event that requires immediate electrical cardioversion |
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valvular vegetation |
an infectious growth on the cardiac valves |
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ventricular septal defect "a VSD" |
a hole in the ventricular septum that causes blood to mix between the RV and LV |
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Ventricular wall thrombus |
a blood clot that attaches to the inside wall of the ventricle; pieces of the thrombus can break off and spread to anywhere in the body leading to infarctions. |
