Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
479 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
adenoma
|
a glandular tumor
|
|
adenopathy
|
any disease of a gland
|
|
adrenocortical
|
pertaining to the cortex of the adrenal gland
|
|
androgen
|
any steroid hormone that increases male characteristics
|
|
antidiuretic
|
pertaining to the suppression of urine production; an agent given to suppress the production of urine
|
|
endocrine gland
|
a ductless gland that produces a chemical substance called a hormone, which is secreted directly into the bloodstream instead of exiting the body through ducts
|
|
endocrinology
|
the field of medicine that deals with the study of the endocrine system and of the treatment of the diseases and disorders of the endocrine system
|
|
euthyroid
|
pertaining to a normally functioning thyroid gland
|
|
exocrine gland
|
a gland that opens onto the surface of the skin through ducts in the epithelium, such as an oil gland or a sweat gland
|
|
exophthalmia
|
an abnormal condition characterized by a marked outward protrusion of the eyeballs
|
|
gonads
|
a term used to refer to the female sex glands, or ovaries, and the male sex glands, or testes
|
|
hirsutism
|
a condition in which there is excessive body hair in a male distribution pattern
|
|
hypercalcemia
|
elevated blood calium level
|
|
hyperglycemia
|
elevated blood sugar level
|
|
hyperkalemia
|
elevated blood potassium level
|
|
hypernatremia
|
elevated blood sodium level
|
|
hypocalcemia
|
less than normal blood calcium level
|
|
hypoglycemia
|
less than normal blood sugar level
|
|
hypokalemia
|
less than normal blood potassium level
|
|
hyponatremia
|
less than normal blood sodium level
|
|
polydipsia
|
excessive thirst
|
|
polyuria
|
excretion of excessively large amounts of urine
|
|
acromegaly
|
a chronic metabolic condition characterized by the gradual, noticeable enlargement and elongation of the bones of the face, jaw, and extremities, due to hypersecretion of the human growth hormone after puberty
|
|
diabetes insipidus
|
a condition caused by a deficiency in the secretion of antidiuretic hormone by the posterior pituitary gland, characterized by large amounts of urine and sodium being excreted from the body
|
|
dwarfism
|
generalized growth retardation of the body due to the deficiency of the human growth hormone
|
|
gigantism
|
a proportional overgrowth of the body's tissue due to the hypersecretion of the human growth hormone before puberty
|
|
goiter
|
hyperplasia of the thyroid gland
|
|
hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease)
|
hypertrophy of the thyroid gland resulting in an excessive secretion of the thyroid hormone that causes an extremely high boy metabolism, thus creating multisystem changes
|
|
hypothyroidism
|
a condition in which there is a shortage of thyrid hormone causing an extremely low body metabolism due to a reduced usage of oxygen; also called myxedema in the most severe form
|
|
cretinism
|
congenital thyroid defects
|
|
thyroiditis (hashimoto's thyroiditis)
|
chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland, leading to enlargement of the thyroid gland
|
|
thyrotoxicosis (thyroid storm)
|
an acute, sometimes fatal, incident of overactivity of the thyroid gland resulting in excessive secretion of thyroid hormone
|
|
hyperparathyroidism
|
overactivity of any one of the parathyroid glands, which leads to high levels of calcium in the blood and low levels of calcium in the bones
|
|
hypoparathyroidism
|
decreased production of parathyroid hormone resulting in hypocalcemia, characterized by nerve and muscle weakness with muscle spasms or tetany (a state of continual contraction of the muscle)
|
|
Addison's disease
|
a life threatening disease process due to failure of the adrenal cortex to secrete adequate mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids resulting from an autoimmune process, a neoplasm, an infection, or a hemorrhage in the gland
|
|
conn's disease
|
a condition characterized by excretion of excesive amounts of aldosterone, the most influential of the mineralocorticoids, which causes the body to retain extra sodium and excrete extra potassium, leading to an increased volume of blood and hypertension
|
|
cushing's syndrome
|
a condition of the adrenal gland in which there is a cluster of symptoms occuring as a result of an excessive amount of cortisol or acth circulating in the blood
|
|
pheochromocytoma
|
a vascular tumor of the adrenal medulla that produces extra epinephrine and norepinephrine, leading to persistent or intermittent hypertension and heart palpitations
|
|
virilism
|
development of male secondary sex characteristics in the female due to the excessive secretion of adrenocortical androgens from the adrenal cortex
|
|
diabetes mellitus
|
a disorder of the pancreas in which the beta cells of the islets of langerhans of thepancreas fail to produce an adequate amount of insulin, resulting in the body's inability to appropriatly metabolize carbohydrates, fats and proteins
|
|
gestational diabetes
|
a disorder in which women who are not diabetic before pregnancy develop diabetes during the pregnancy; that is they develop and inability to metabolize carbohydrates, with resultant hyperglycemia
|
|
pancreatitis
|
an acute or chronic destructive inflammatory condition of the pancreas
|
|
thyroid function tests
|
test that measure the blood levels of the hormones, t3, t4, and tsh
|
|
glucose tolerance test GTT
|
a test that evaluates the persons ability to tolerate a concentrated oral glucose load by measuring the glucose levels
|
|
radioactive iodine uptake test RAIU
|
a throid function test that evaluates the function of the thyroid gland b admnistering a known amount of radioactive iodine and later placing a gamma ray detector over the thyroid gland to determine the percentage or quantity of radioactive iodine absorbed by the gland over specific time periods
|
|
ACTH
|
adrenocorticotropic hormone
|
|
Ca
|
calcium
|
|
GTT
|
glucose tolerance test
|
|
K
|
potassium
|
|
Na
|
sodium
|
|
NIDDM
|
non insulin dependant diabetes mellitus
|
|
RAIU
|
radioactive iodine uptake
|
|
T3
|
triiodothyronine
|
|
T4
|
thyroxine
|
|
TSH
|
thyroid stimulating hormone
|
|
appendectomy
|
surgical removal of the appendix
|
|
bilirubin
|
the orange yellow pigment of bile, formed principally by the breakdown of hemoglobin in red blood cells after termination of their normal life span
|
|
cholelithiasis
|
abnormal presence of gallstones in the gallbladder
|
|
deglutition
|
swallowing
|
|
defacation
|
the act of expelling feces from the rectum through the anus
|
|
digestion
|
the process of altering the chemical and physical composition of food so that it can be used by the body cells; this occurs in the digestive tract
|
|
duodenum
|
the first portion of the small intestine
|
|
emulsify
|
to disperse a liquid into another liquid, making a colloidal suspension
|
|
feces
|
waste or excrement from the digestive tract that is formed in the intestine and expelled through the rectum
|
|
gastroenterologist
|
a medical doctor who specializes in the study of the diseases and the disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract including the stomach, intestines, gallbladder, and the bile duct
|
|
gavage
|
a procedure in which liquid or semiliquid food is introduced into the stomach through a tube
|
|
glycogenesis
|
the converstion of simple sugar into a complex form of sugar for storage in the liver
|
|
ileum
|
the distal portion of the small intestine extending from the jejunum to the cecum
|
|
jejunum
|
the intermediate or middle of the three portions of the small intestine, connecting proximally with the duodenum and distally with the ileum
|
|
lavage
|
the process of irrigating, or washing out an organ, usually the bladder, bowel, paranasal sinuses, or stomach for therapeutic purposes
|
|
mastication
|
chewing, tearing, or grinding food with the teeth while it becomes mixed with saliva
|
|
peristalsis
|
the coordinated, rhythmic, serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract, bile through the bile duct, and urine through the uterus
|
|
pharynx
|
the throat
|
|
uvula
|
the small cone shaped process suspended in the mouth from the middle of the posterior border of the soft palate
|
|
achlorhydria
|
an abnormal condition characterized by the absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice
|
|
anorexia
|
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inablilty to eat
|
|
aphagia
|
a condition characterized by the loss of the ability to swallow as a result of organic or psychologic causes
|
|
ascites
|
an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity; the fluid contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes
|
|
borborygmus
|
an audible abdominal sound produced by hyperactive intestinal peristalsis.
|
|
constipation
|
difficulty in passing stools, or an incomplete or infrequent passage of hard stools
|
|
diarrhea
|
the frequent passage of loose watery stools
|
|
dyspepsia
|
a vague feeling of epigastric discomfort after eating
|
|
dysphagia
|
difficulty in swallowing, commonly associated with obstructive or motor disorders of the esophagus
|
|
emaciation
|
excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutriton
|
|
emesis
|
the material expelled from the stomach during vomiting
|
|
mastication
|
chewing, tearing, or grinding food with the teeth while it becomes mixed with saliva
|
|
peristalsis
|
the coordinated, rhythmic, serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract, bile through the bile duct, and urine through the uterus
|
|
pharynx
|
the throat
|
|
uvula
|
the small cone shaped process suspended in the mouth from the middle of the posterior border of the soft palate
|
|
achlorhydria
|
an abnormal condition characterized by the absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice
|
|
anorexia
|
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inablilty to eat
|
|
aphagia
|
a condition characterized by the loss of the ability to swallow as a result of organic or psychologic causes
|
|
ascites
|
an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity; the fluid contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes
|
|
borborygmus
|
an audible abdominal sound produced by hyperactive intestinal peristalsis.
|
|
constipation
|
difficulty in passing stools, or an incomplete or infrequent passage of hard stools
|
|
diarrhea
|
the frequent passage of loose watery stools
|
|
dyspepsia
|
a vague feeling of epigastric discomfort after eating
|
|
dysphagia
|
difficulty in swallowing, commonly associated with obstructive or motor disorders of the esophagus
|
|
emaciation
|
excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutriton
|
|
emesis
|
the material expelled from the stomach during vomiting
|
|
mastication
|
chewing, tearing, or grinding food with the teeth while it becomes mixed with saliva
|
|
peristalsis
|
the coordinated, rhythmic, serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract, bile through the bile duct, and urine through the uterus
|
|
pharynx
|
the throat
|
|
uvula
|
the small cone shaped process suspended in the mouth from the middle of the posterior border of the soft palate
|
|
achlorhydria
|
an abnormal condition characterized by the absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice
|
|
anorexia
|
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inablilty to eat
|
|
aphagia
|
a condition characterized by the loss of the ability to swallow as a result of organic or psychologic causes
|
|
ascites
|
an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity; the fluid contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes
|
|
borborygmus
|
an audible abdominal sound produced by hyperactive intestinal peristalsis.
|
|
constipation
|
difficulty in passing stools, or an incomplete or infrequent passage of hard stools
|
|
diarrhea
|
the frequent passage of loose watery stools
|
|
dyspepsia
|
a vague feeling of epigastric discomfort after eating
|
|
dysphagia
|
difficulty in swallowing, commonly associated with obstructive or motor disorders of the esophagus
|
|
emaciation
|
excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutriton
|
|
emesis
|
the material expelled from the stomach during vomiting
|
|
mastication
|
chewing, tearing, or grinding food with the teeth while it becomes mixed with saliva
|
|
peristalsis
|
the coordinated, rhythmic, serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract, bile through the bile duct, and urine through the uterus
|
|
pharynx
|
the throat
|
|
uvula
|
the small cone shaped process suspended in the mouth from the middle of the posterior border of the soft palate
|
|
achlorhydria
|
an abnormal condition characterized by the absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice
|
|
anorexia
|
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inablilty to eat
|
|
aphagia
|
a condition characterized by the loss of the ability to swallow as a result of organic or psychologic causes
|
|
ascites
|
an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity; the fluid contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes
|
|
borborygmus
|
an audible abdominal sound produced by hyperactive intestinal peristalsis.
|
|
constipation
|
difficulty in passing stools, or an incomplete or infrequent passage of hard stools
|
|
diarrhea
|
the frequent passage of loose watery stools
|
|
dyspepsia
|
a vague feeling of epigastric discomfort after eating
|
|
dysphagia
|
difficulty in swallowing, commonly associated with obstructive or motor disorders of the esophagus
|
|
emaciation
|
excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutriton
|
|
emesis
|
the material expelled from the stomach during vomiting
|
|
mastication
|
chewing, tearing, or grinding food with the teeth while it becomes mixed with saliva
|
|
peristalsis
|
the coordinated, rhythmic, serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract, bile through the bile duct, and urine through the uterus
|
|
pharynx
|
the throat
|
|
uvula
|
the small cone shaped process suspended in the mouth from the middle of the posterior border of the soft palate
|
|
achlorhydria
|
an abnormal condition characterized by the absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice
|
|
anorexia
|
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inablilty to eat
|
|
aphagia
|
a condition characterized by the loss of the ability to swallow as a result of organic or psychologic causes
|
|
ascites
|
an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity; the fluid contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes
|
|
borborygmus
|
an audible abdominal sound produced by hyperactive intestinal peristalsis.
|
|
constipation
|
difficulty in passing stools, or an incomplete or infrequent passage of hard stools
|
|
diarrhea
|
the frequent passage of loose watery stools
|
|
dyspepsia
|
a vague feeling of epigastric discomfort after eating
|
|
dysphagia
|
difficulty in swallowing, commonly associated with obstructive or motor disorders of the esophagus
|
|
emaciation
|
excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutriton
|
|
emesis
|
the material expelled from the stomach during vomiting
|
|
mastication
|
chewing, tearing, or grinding food with the teeth while it becomes mixed with saliva
|
|
peristalsis
|
the coordinated, rhythmic, serial contraction of smooth muscle that forces food through the digestive tract, bile through the bile duct, and urine through the uterus
|
|
pharynx
|
the throat
|
|
uvula
|
the small cone shaped process suspended in the mouth from the middle of the posterior border of the soft palate
|
|
achlorhydria
|
an abnormal condition characterized by the absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice
|
|
anorexia
|
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inablilty to eat
|
|
aphagia
|
a condition characterized by the loss of the ability to swallow as a result of organic or psychologic causes
|
|
ascites
|
an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity; the fluid contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes
|
|
borborygmus
|
an audible abdominal sound produced by hyperactive intestinal peristalsis.
|
|
constipation
|
difficulty in passing stools, or an incomplete or infrequent passage of hard stools
|
|
diarrhea
|
the frequent passage of loose watery stools
|
|
dyspepsia
|
a vague feeling of epigastric discomfort after eating
|
|
dysphagia
|
difficulty in swallowing, commonly associated with obstructive or motor disorders of the esophagus
|
|
emaciation
|
excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutriton
|
|
emesis
|
the material expelled from the stomach during vomiting
|
|
eructation
|
the act of bringing up air from the stomach with a characteristic sound through the mouth; belching
|
|
flatus; flatulence
|
air or gas in the intestine that is passed through the rectum
|
|
gastroesophageal reflux
|
backflow of contents of the stomach into the esophagus that is often the result of incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter
|
|
icterus
|
a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera of the eyes, caused by greater than normal amounts of bilirubin in the blood
|
|
jaundice
|
a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera of the eyes, caused by greater than normal amounts of bilirubin in the blood
|
|
melena
|
abnormal, black, tarry stool containing digested blood
|
|
nausea
|
an unpleasant sensation often leading to the urge to vomit
|
|
pruritus ani
|
common chronic condition of itching of the skin around the anus
|
|
steatorrhea
|
greater than normal amounts of fat in the feces, characterized by frothy, foul smelling fecal matter that floats, as in celiac disease, some malabsorption syndromes, and any condition in which fats are poorly absorbed by the small intestine
|
|
vomit
|
to expel the contents of the stomach through the esophagus and out of the mouth
|
|
vomitus
|
material expelled from the stomach during vomiting
|
|
achalasia
|
decreased mobility of the lower 2/3 of the esophagus along with constriction of the lower esophageal sphincter
|
|
anal fistula
|
an abnormal passageway in the skin surface near the anus usually connecting with the rectum
|
|
aphthous stomatitis
|
small inflammatory noninfectious ulcerated lesions occurring on the lips, tonue, and inside the cheeks of the mouth; also called canker sores
|
|
celiac disease
|
nutrient malabsorption due to damaged small bowel mucosa
|
|
cirrhosis
|
a disease of the liver that is chronic and degenerative causing injury to the hepatocytes
|
|
colorectal cancer
|
the presence of a malignant neoplasm in the large intestine
|
|
crohn's disease
|
digestive tract inflammation of a chronic nature causing fever, cramping, diarrhea, weight loss, and anorexia
|
|
dental caries
|
tooth decay caused by acid forming microorganisms
|
|
divertiular disease
|
an expression used to characterize both diverticulosis and diverticulitis. diverticulosis describes the noninflamed outpouchings or herniations of the muscular layer of the intestine, typically the sigmoid colon. inflammation of these outpouchings called diverticula is referred to as diverticulitis
|
|
dysentery
|
a term used to describe painful intestinal inflammation typically caused by ingesting water or food containing bacteria, protozoa, parasites, or chemical irritants
|
|
hemorrhoids
|
a permanently distended vein, called a varicosity, in the distal rectum or anus
|
|
hepatitis
|
acute or chronic inflammation of the liver due to a viral or bacterial infction
|
|
hernia
|
an irregular protrusion of tissue, organ, or a portion of an organ through an abnormal break in the surrounding cavity's muscular wall
|
|
hiatal hernia/diaphragmatic hernia
|
occurs as a result of an upwar protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm due to an enlarged cardia sphincter
|
|
herpetic stomatitis
|
inflammatory infectious lesions in or on the oral cavity occurring as a primary or a secondary viral infection caused by herpes simplex
|
|
ileus
|
a term used to describe an obstruction of the intestin
|
|
intestinal obstruction
|
complete or partial alteration in the forward flow of the contents in the small or large intestines
|
|
intussusception
|
tlescoping of aportion of proximal intestine into distal intestine usually in the ileocecal region causing an obstruction
|
|
irritable bowel syndrome
|
increased motility of the small or large intestinal wall resulting in abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea, anorexia, and the trapping of gas throughout the intestines
|
|
oral leukoplakia
|
a precancerous lesion occurring anywhere in the mouth
|
|
pancreatitis
|
an acute or chronic destructive inflammatory condition of the pancreas
|
|
peptic ulcer
|
a break in the continuity of the mucous membrane lining of the gastrointestinal tract as a result of hyperacidity or the bacterium
|
|
thrush
|
a fungal infection in the mouth and throat producing sore, creamy white slightly raised curdlike patches on the tongue and other oral mucosal surfaces
|
|
ulcerative colitis
|
a chronic inflammatory condition resulting in a break in the continuity of themucous membrane lining of the colon in the form of ulcers. characterized by large watery diarrheal stools containing mucus pus or blood
|
|
volvulus
|
a rotation of loops of bowel causing a twisting on itself that results in an intestinal obstruction
|
|
abdominocentesis (paracentesis)
|
involves insertion of a needle or trochar into the abdominal cavity to remove excess fluid, with the person in a sitting position
|
|
barium enema
|
infusion of a radiopaque contrast medium, barium sulfate, into the rectum and held in the lower intestinal tract while x-ray films are obtained of the lower GI tract
|
|
barium swallow (upper GI series)
|
involves oral administration of a radiopaque contrast medium, barium sulfate, which flows into the esophagus as the person swallows
|
|
cheiloplasty
|
surgically correcting a defect of the lip
|
|
cholecystectomy
|
the surgical removal of the gallbladder
|
|
cholecystography
|
visualization of the gallbladder through sray following the oral ingestion of pills containing a radiopaque iodinated dye
|
|
colonoscopy
|
the direct visualization of the lining of the large intestine using a fiberoptic colonoscope
|
|
colostomy
|
the surgical creation of a new opening on the abdominal wall through which the feces will be expelled by bringing the incised colon out to the abdominal surface
|
|
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
|
a procedure that examines the size of and the filling of the pancreatic and biliary ducts through direct radiographic visualization with a fiberoptic endoscope
|
|
gastric lavage
|
the irrigation or washing out of the stomach with sterile water or a saline solution
|
|
gastrointestinal endoscopy
|
involves the direct visualization of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, using a lighted, fiberoptic endoscope
|
|
nasogastric intubation
|
involves tube placement through the nose into the stomach for the purpose of relieving gastric distension by removing gastric secretions gas or food
|
|
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
|
an examination of the bile duct structure using a needle to pass directly into an intrahepatic bile duct to inject a contrast medium; also known as a PTHC
|
|
stool guaiac
|
a test on a stool specimen using guaiac as a reagent which identifies the presence of blood in the stool
|
|
a.c.
|
before meals (ante cibum)
|
|
BE
|
barium enema
|
|
b.i.d.
|
twice a day
|
|
CT
|
computerized tomography (scan)
|
|
EGD
|
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
|
|
ERCP
|
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
|
|
GB
|
gallbladder
|
|
GERD
|
gastroesophageal reflux disease
|
|
GI
|
gastrointestinal
|
|
GTT
|
glucose tolerance test
|
|
HBV
|
hepatitis B virus
|
|
HCV
|
hepatitis C virus
|
|
IBS
|
irritable bowel syndrome
|
|
MRI
|
magnetic resonance imaging
|
|
N&V
|
nausea and vomiting
|
|
NPO
|
nothing by mouth
|
|
p.c.
|
after meals (post cibum)
|
|
auscultation
|
process of listening for sounds within the body usually to sounds of thoracic or abdominal viscera to detect some abnormal condition or to detect fetal heart sounds
|
|
inspection
|
visual examination of the external surface of the body as well as of its movements and posture
|
|
laryngalgia
|
pain in the larynx
|
|
palpation
|
process of examining by application of the hands or fingers to the external surface of the body to detect evidence of disease or abnormalities in the various organs
|
|
percussion
|
use of the fingertips to tap the body lightly but sharply to determine position, size, and consistency of an underlying structure and the presence of fluuid or pus in a cavity
|
|
pleura
|
the double folded membrane that lines the thoracic cavity
|
|
pleura space
|
the space that separates the visceral and parietal pleurae, which contains a small amount of fluid that acts as a lubricant to the pleural surfaces during respiration
|
|
apnea
|
temporary cessation of breathing; without breathing
|
|
bradypnea
|
abnormally slow breathing
|
|
cough
|
a forceful and sometimes violent expiratory effort preceded by a preliminary inspiration. the glottis is partially closed, the accessory muscles of expiration are brought into action, and the air is noisily expelled
|
|
nonproductive cough
|
not effective in bringing up sputum; dry cough
|
|
productive
|
effective in bringing up sputum; wet cough
|
|
mucoid sputum
|
resembling mucus
|
|
mucopurulent sputum
|
containing mucus and pus
|
|
purulent sputum
|
containing pus
|
|
serous sputum
|
resembling serum; containing a thin watery fluid
|
|
cyanosis
|
slightly bluish grayish slatelike or dark purple discoloration of the skin due to presence of abnormal amounts of reduced hemoglobin in the blood
|
|
dysphonia
|
difficulty in speaking; hoarseness
|
|
dyspnea
|
air hunger resulting in labored or difficult breathing sometimes accompanied by pain
|
|
epistaxis
|
hemorrhage from the nose; nosebleed
|
|
expectoration
|
the act of spitting out saliva or coughing up materials from the air passageways leading to the lungs
|
|
hemoptysis
|
expectoration of blood arising from the oral cavity larynx trachea bronchi or lungs
|
|
hypercapnia
|
increased amount of carbon dioxide in the blood
|
|
hypoxemia
|
insufficient oxygenation of the blood
|
|
hypoxia
|
deficiency of oxygen
|
|
kussmaul respirations
|
very deep gasping type of respiration associated with severe diabetic acidosis
|
|
orthopnea
|
respiratory condition in which there is discomfort in breathing in any but erect, sitting, or standing position
|
|
pleural rub
|
friction rub caused by inflammation of the pleural space
|
|
rales
|
an abnormal sound heard on auscultation of the chest, produced by passage of air through bronchi that contain secretion or exudate or that are constricted by spasm or a thickening of their walls
|
|
rhinorrhea
|
thin watery discharge from the nose
|
|
rhonchi
|
rales or rattllings in the throat, especially when it resembles snoring
|
|
sneeze
|
to expel air forcibly through the nose and mouth by spasmodic contraction of muscles of expiration due to irritation of nasal mucosa
|
|
stridor
|
harsh sound during respiration; high pitched and resembling the blowing of wind, due to obstruction of air passages
|
|
tachypnea
|
abnormal rapidity of breathing
|
|
wheezing
|
a whistling sound or sighting sound resulting from narrowing of the lumen of a respiratory passageway
|
|
coryza
|
inflammation of the respiratory mucous membranes known as the common cold. the phrase common cold is usually used when referring to symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection
|
|
croup
|
a childhood disease characterized by a barking cough suffocating and difficult breathing stridor and laryngeal spasm
|
|
diphtheria
|
serious infectious disease affecting the nose pharynx or larynx usually resulting in sore throat, dysphonia, and fever. the disease is caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae, which forms a white coating over the affected airways as it multiplies
|
|
laryngitis
|
inflammation of the larynx, uwually resulting in dysphonia, cough, and difficulty swallowing
|
|
pertussis
|
an acute upper respiratory infectious disease cause by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis; whooping cough
|
|
pharyngitis
|
inflammation of the pharynx usually resulting in sore throat
|
|
rhinitis
|
inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose, usually resulting in obstruction of the nasal passages, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and facial pressure or pain
|
|
sinusitis
|
inflammation of a sinus, especially a paranasal sinus
|
|
tonsillitis
|
inflammation of the palatine tonsils; located in the area of the oropharynx
|
|
asthma
|
paroxysmal dyspnea accompanied by wheezing caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes or by swelling of their mucous membrane
|
|
bronchiectasis
|
chronic dilatation of a bronchus or bronchi, with secondary infection that usually involves the lower portion of the lung
|
|
bronchitis
|
inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes. often preceded by the common cold
|
|
emphysema
|
a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by increae beyond the normal in size of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchiole, either from dilation of the alveoli or from destruction of their walls
|
|
empyema
|
pus in a body cavity, especially in the pleural cavity usually the result of a primary inection in the lungs
|
|
hyaline membrane disease
|
also known as respiratory distress syndrome of the premature infant, hyaline membrane disease is severe impairment of the function of respiration in the premature newborn.
|
|
pleural effusion
|
accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, resulting in compression of the underlying portion of the lung, with ressultant dyspnea
|
|
pleuritis/pleurisy
|
inflammation of both the visceral and parietal pleura
|
|
pneumonia
|
inflammation of the lungs caused primarily by bacteria, viruses, and chemical irritants
|
|
laryngitis
|
inflammation of the larynx, uwually resulting in dysphonia, cough, and difficulty swallowing
|
|
pertussis
|
an acute upper respiratory infectious disease cause by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis; whooping cough
|
|
pharyngitis
|
inflammation of the pharynx usually resulting in sore throat
|
|
rhinitis
|
inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose, usually resulting in obstruction of the nasal passages, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and facial pressure or pain
|
|
sinusitis
|
inflammation of a sinus, especially a paranasal sinus
|
|
tonsillitis
|
inflammation of the palatine tonsils; located in the area of the oropharynx
|
|
asthma
|
paroxysmal dyspnea accompanied by wheezing caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes or by swelling of their mucous membrane
|
|
bronchiectasis
|
chronic dilatation of a bronchus or bronchi, with secondary infection that usually involves the lower portion of the lung
|
|
bronchitis
|
inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes. often preceded by the common cold
|
|
emphysema
|
a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by increae beyond the normal in size of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchiole, either from dilation of the alveoli or from destruction of their walls
|
|
empyema
|
pus in a body cavity, especially in the pleural cavity usually the result of a primary inection in the lungs
|
|
hyaline membrane disease
|
also known as respiratory distress syndrome of the premature infant, hyaline membrane disease is severe impairment of the function of respiration in the premature newborn.
|
|
pleural effusion
|
accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, resulting in compression of the underlying portion of the lung, with ressultant dyspnea
|
|
pleuritis/pleurisy
|
inflammation of both the visceral and parietal pleura
|
|
pneumonia
|
inflammation of the lungs caused primarily by bacteria, viruses, and chemical irritants
|
|
pneumothorax
|
a collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity. the air enters as the result of a perforation through the chest wall or the pleura covering the lung
|
|
pulmonary edema
|
swelling of the lungs caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs either in the alveoli or the interstitial spaces
|
|
pulmonary embolism
|
the obstruction of one or more pulmonary arteries by a thrombus that dislodges from another location, and is carried through the venous system to the vessels of the lung
|
|
pulmonary heart disease
|
hypertrophy of the right ventricle of the heart resulting from disorders of the lungs, pulmonary vessels or chest wall; heart failure resulting from pulmonary disease
|
|
sudden infant death syndrome
|
the completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently well, or virtually well, SIDS also known as crib death is the most common cause of death between the second week and first year of life
|
|
tuberculosis
|
an infection disease caused by the tubercle bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and characterized by inflammatory infiltrations, formation of tubercles, and caseous necrosis in the tissues of the lungs
|
|
anthracosis
|
accumulation of carbon deposits in the lungs due to breathing smoke or coal dust; black lung disease; also called coal workers pneumoconiosis
|
|
asbestosis
|
lung disease resulting from inhalation of asbestos particles
|
|
byssinosis
|
a lung disease resulting from inhalation of cotton, flax, and hemp; aka brown lung disease
|
|
silicosis
|
lung disease resulting from inhalation of silica dust, characterized by formation of small nodules
|
|
bronchoscopy
|
examination of the interior of the bronchi using a lighted flexible tube known as a bronchoscope
|
|
laryngoscopy
|
examination of the interior of the larynx using a lighted flexible tube known as a laryngoscope
|
|
pulmonary function test
|
physicians use this variety of tests to assess respiratory function
|
|
thoracentesis
|
involves the use of a needle to collect pleural fluid for laboratory analysis, or to remove excess pleural fluid or air from the pleural space
|
|
ABGs
|
arterial blood gases
|
|
AFB
|
acid fast bacilli
|
|
AP
|
anteroposterior
|
|
CO2
|
carbon dioxide
|
|
COPD
|
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
|
|
CXR
|
chest x ray
|
|
DPT
|
diptheria, pertussis, and tetanus; and immunization given in childhood to prevent thses diseases by providing immunity
|
|
IPPB
|
intermittent positive pressure breathing
|
|
O2
|
oxygen
|
|
PA
|
posteroanterior
|
|
PFTs
|
pulmonary function test (s)
|
|
PPD
|
purified protein derivative; substance used in intradermal test for tuberculosis
|
|
SIDS
|
sudden infant death syndrome
|
|
SOB
|
shortness of breath
|
|
TB
|
tuberculosis
|
|
TPR
|
temperature, pulse, and respiration
|
|
URI
|
upper respiratory infection
|
|
anastomosis
|
a surgical joining of two ducts, blood vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to the other
|
|
angiography
|
x ray visualization of the internal anatomy of the heart and blood vessels after introducing a radiopaque substance that promotes the imaging of internal structures that are otherwise difficult to see on xray film
|
|
arrhythmia
|
any deviation from the normal pattern of the heartbeat
|
|
ascites
|
an abnormal collection of fluid within the peritoneal cavity. contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes
|
|
atherosclerosis
|
a form of atreriosclerosis characterized by fatty deposits building up within the inner layers of the walls of larger arteries
|
|
bruit
|
an abnormal sound or murmur heard when listening to a carotid artery, organ, or gland with a stethoscope
|
|
carditis
|
inflammation of the heart muscles
|
|
claudication
|
cramplike pains in the calves of the legs caused by poor circulation to the muscles of the legs
|
|
coronary
|
one of a pair of arteries that branch from the aorta; supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle
|
|
diastole
|
the period of relaxation of the heart, alternating with the contraction phase knows as systole
|
|
dysrhythmia
|
abnormal rhythm
|
|
edema
|
the localized or generalized collection of fluid within the body tissues, causing the area to swell
|
|
endocarditis
|
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
|
|
homan's sign
|
pain felt in the calf of the leg, or behind the knee, when the examiner is purposely dorsiflexing the foot of the patient.
|
|
hyperlipidemia
|
excessive level of fats in the blood
|
|
hypertension
|
elevated blood pressure persistently higher than 140/90 mmHg; high blood pressure; aka arterial hypertension
|
|
hypotension
|
low blood pressure; less than normal blood pressure reading
|
|
infarction
|
a localized area of necrosis in tissue, a vessel, an organ, or a part, resulting from lack of oxygen due to interrupted blood flow to the area
|
|
ischemia
|
decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part or organ
|
|
lipid
|
any of a group of fats or fatlike substance found in the blood; some examples of lipids are cholesterol, fatty acids, and triglycerides
|
|
lumen
|
a cavity or the channel within any organ or sturcture of the body; the space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube
|
|
malaise
|
a vague feeling of body weakness or discomfort, often indicating the onset of an illness or disease
|
|
murmur
|
a low pitched humming or fluttering sound, as in a heart murmur, heard on auscultation
|
|
myocarditis
|
inflammation of the myocardium
|
|
occlusion
|
closure, or state of being closed
|
|
palpable
|
detectable by touch
|
|
pericarditis
|
inflammation of the pericardium
|
|
pitting edema
|
swelling usually of the skin of the extremeties, that when pressed firmly with a finger will maintain the dent produced by the finger
|
|
prophylactic
|
an agent that protects against disease
|
|
systole
|
the contraction phase of the heartbeat forcing blood into the aorta and the pulmonary arteries. marked by the first sound heard on auscultation, or the first pulse palpated, after the release of the blood pressure cuff
|
|
thrombosis
|
the formation or existence of a blood clot
|
|
vasoconstriction
|
narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel
|
|
anorexia
|
loss of appetite
|
|
anxiety
|
a feeling of apprehension, worry, uneasiness, or dread, especially of the future
|
|
bradycardia
|
a slow heart rate that is characterized by a pulse rate under 60 beats per minute
|
|
chest pain
|
a feeling of discomfort in the chest
|
|
cyanosis
|
slightly bluish grayish slatelike or dark discoloration of the skin due to the presence of abnormal amounts of reduced hemoglobin in the blood
|
|
dyspnea
|
air hunger resulting in labored or difficult breathing, sometimes accompanied by pain
|
|
fatigue
|
a feeling of tiredness or weariness resulting from continued activity or as a side effect from some psychotropic drug
|
|
fever
|
elevation of temp above the normal
|
|
headache/cephalgia
|
a diffuse pain in different portions of the head and not confirmed to any nerve distribution area
|
|
nausea
|
unpleasant sensation usually preceding vomiting
|
|
pallor
|
lack of color; paleness
|
|
palpitation
|
rapid violent or throbbing pulsation as an abnormally rapid throbbing or fluttering of the heart
|
|
sweat
|
perspiration; the liquid secreted by the sweat glands, having a salty taste
|
|
tachycardia
|
abnormal rapidity of heart action usually defined as a heart rate over 100 bpm
|
|
weakness
|
lacking physical strength or vigor
|
|
coronary artery disease
|
narrowing of the coronary arteries to the extent that adwquate blood supply to the myocardium is prevented
|
|
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
|
a nonsurgical procedure in which a catheter, equipped with a small inflatable balloon on the end, is inserted into the femoral artery and is threaded up the aorta into the narrowed coronary artery
|
|
directional coronary atherectomy
|
a procedure that uses a catheter which has a small mechanically driven cutter that shaves the plaque and stores it in a collection chamber
|
|
coronary bypass surgery
|
a surgical procedure designed to increase the blood flow to the myocardial muscle and involves bypass grafts to the coronary arteries that reroute the blood flow around the occluded area of the coronary artery
|
|
angina pectoris
|
severe pain and constriction about the heart usually radiating to the left shoulder and down the left arm, creating a feeling of pressure in the anterior chest
|
|
myocardial infarction
|
heart attack; a condition caused by occlusion of one or more of the coronary arteries. this life threatening condition results when myocardial tissue is destroyed in areas of the heart that are deprived of an adequate blood supply due to the occluded vessel
|
|
congestive heart failure
|
condition characterized by weakness breathlessness abdominal discomfort; edema in the lower portions of the body resulting from the flow of the blood through the vessels being slowed and the outflow of blood fromthe left side of the heart is reduced; the pumping ability of the heart is progressively impaired to the point that it no longer meets bodily needs; aka cardiac failure
|
|
rheumatic fever
|
an inflammatory disease that may develop as a delayed reaction to insufficiently treated group a beta hemolytic streptococcal infection of the upper respiraroty tract
|
|
mitral valve prolapse
|
drooping of one or both cusps of the mitral valve back into the left atrium during ventricular systole, resulting in incomplete closure of the valve and mitral insufficiency
|
|
aneurysm
|
a localized dilatation of an artery formed at a weak point in the vessel wall. this weakened area balloons out with each pulsation of the artery
|
|
arteriosclerosis
|
an arterial condition in which there is thickening hardening and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries resulting in decreased blood supply especially to the lower extremeties and cerebrum; hardening of the arteries
|
|
thombophlebitis
|
inflammation of a vein associated with the formation of a thrombus; usually occurs in an extremity, most frequently a leg
|
|
varicose veins
|
enlarged superficial veins; a twisted dilated vein with incompetent valves
|
|
sclerotherapy
|
form of treatment for varicose veins that involves the injection of a chemical irritant into the varicosed vein.
|
|
vein stripping
|
surgical procedure that consists of ligation of the saphenous vein
|
|
hypertension
|
a condition in which the patient has a higher blood pressure than tht judged to be normal
|
|
essential hypertension
|
accounts for approx 90% of all hypertension, no known cause; risk factors include hypersholesterolemia, obesity, high serum sodium level, and a family history of high blood pressure
|
|
secondary hypertension
|
accounts for approx 10% or less of hypertension; caused by physical conditions such as complications of pregnancy and kidney disease
|
|
malignant hypertension
|
hypertension that is severe and rapidly progresive
|
|
raynaud's phenomenon
|
intermittent attacks of vasoconstriction of the arterioles causing pallor of the fingers or toes, followed by cyanosis then redness before returning to normal color; initiated by exposure to cold or emotional disturbance
|
|
peripheral arterial occlusive disease
|
obstruction of the arteries in the extremities. the leading cause of this disease is atherosclerosis which leads to narrowing of the lumen of the artery. the classic symptom of peripheral arterial occlusive disease is intermittent claudication, which is a cramplike pain in the muscles brought on by exercise and releived by rest
|
|
tetralogy of Fallot
|
a congenital heart anomaly that consists of four defects; pulmonary stenosis, interventricular septal defect, dextraposition of the aorta so that it receives blood from both ventricles, and hypertrophy of the right ventricle; named for the french physician etienne fallot, who first described the condition
|
|
patent ductus arteriosus
|
abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta caused by failure of the fetal ductus arteriosus to close after birth. this defect is seen primarily in premature infants
|
|
coarctation of the aorta
|
a congenital heart defect characterized by a localized narrowing of the aorta, which results in increased blood pressure in the upper extremities and decreased blood pressure in the lower extremities
|
|
heart block
|
an interference with the normal conduction of electric impulses that control activity of the heart muscle
|
|
atrial flutter
|
condition in which the contractions of the atria become extremely rapid, at the rate of between 250 and 400 bpm
|
|
atrial fibrillation
|
extremely rapid incomplete contractions of the atria resulting in disorganized and uncoordinated twitching of the atria
|
|
ventricular fibrillation
|
condition similar to atrial fibrillation which results in rapid trmulous and ineffectual contractions of the ventricles; patient has no audible heartbeat, no palpable pulse, no respiration, and no blood circulation; if prolonged this will lead to cardiac arrest
|
|
angiography
|
x ray visualization of the internal anatomy of the heart and blood vessels after introducing a radiopaque substance that promotes the imaging of internal structures that are otherwise difficult to see on xray film. this substance is injected into an artery or vein
|
|
cardiac catheterization
|
a diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is introduced into a large vein or artery, usually of an arm or a leg and is then threaded through the circulatory system to the heart. cardiac cath is used to obtain detailed info about the structure and function of the heart chambers valves and the great vessels
|
|
cardiac enzymes test
|
performed on smaples of blood obtained by venipuncture to determine the presence of damage to the myocardial muscle
|
|
computed axial tomography
|
diagnostic xray technique that uses ionizing radiation to produce a cross sectional image of the body. it is often used to detect aneurysms of the aorta. xray signals are fed into a computer which then turns them into a cross sectional picture of the section of the body being scanned; called CAT scan
|
|
echocardiography
|
diagnostic procedure for studying the structure and motion of the heart it is useful evaluating structural and functional changes in a variety of heart disorders
|
|
electrocardiogram
|
graphic record of the electrical the electrical action of the heart as reflected from various angles to the surface of the skin; known as an EKG or ECG
|
|
exercise stress testing
|
a means of assessing cardiac function by subjecting the patient to carefully controlled amounts of physical stress for example using the treadmill
|
|
holter monitering
|
a small portable monitoring device that makes prolonged electrocardiograph recordings on a portable tape recorder. the continuous EKG is recorded on a magnetic tape recording while the patient conducts normal daily activities
|
|
magnetic resonance
|
involves the use of a strong magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to produce imagind that is valuable in providing images of the heart large blood vessels brain and soft tissue
|
|
positron emission tomography
|
a computerized xray technique that uses radioactive substances to examine the blood flow and the metabolic activity of various body structures such as the heart and blood vessels the patient is given doses of strong radioactive tracers by injection or inhalation; the radiation emitted is measured by the PET camera
|
|
serum lipid test
|
measures the amount of fatty substances in a sample of blood obtained by venipuncture
|
|
thallium stress test
|
combo of exercise stress testing with thallium imaging to assess changes in coronary blood flow during exercise
|
|
ASHD
|
arteriosclerotic heart disease
|
|
BP
|
blood pressure
|
|
CABG
|
coronary artery bypass graft
|
|
CAD
|
coronary artery disease
|
|
CCU
|
coronary care unit
|
|
CHD
|
coronary heart disease
|
|
CHF
|
congestive heart failure
|
|
CPR
|
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
|
|
CT/CAT
|
computed axial tomography (scan)
|
|
DVT
|
deep vein thrombosis
|
|
ECG/EKG
|
electrocardiogram
|
|
ECHO
|
echocardiogram
|
|
HCVD
|
hypertensive cardiovascular disease
|
|
MI
|
myocardial infarction
|
|
MRI
|
magnetic resonance imaging
|
|
MVP
|
mitral valve prolapse
|
|
PAT
|
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
|
|
PET
|
positron emission tomography
|
|
PTCA
|
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
|
|
PVC's
|
premature ventricular contractions
|
|
agglutination
|
the clumping together of cells as a result of interaction with specific antibodies called agglutinins. agglutinins are used in blood typing and in identifying or estimating the strength of immunoglobulins or immune serums
|
|
anisocytosis
|
an abnormal condition of the blood characterized by red blood cels of variable and abnormal size
|
|
antibodies
|
substances produced by the body in response to bacteria, viruses, or other foreign substances. each class of antibody is named for its actions
|
|
antigens
|
a substance usually a protein, that causes the formation of an antibody and reacts specifically with that antibody
|
|
ascites
|
an abnormal intraperitoneal accumulation of a fluid containing large amounts of protein and electrolytes
|
|
coagulation
|
the process of transforming a liquid into a lolid especially of the blood
|
|
corpuscle
|
any cell of the body; a red or white cell
|
|
cytogenesis
|
formation of a cell
|
|
dyscrasia
|
an abnormal condition of the blood or bone marrow, such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, or prenatal Rh incompatibility
|
|
edema
|
the abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues
|
|
embolism
|
an abnormal condition in which a bloodclot becomes lodged in a blood vessel obstructing the flow of blood within the vessel
|
|
embolus
|
a dislodged circulating clot
|
|
erythremia
|
an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells
|
|
erythroblast
|
an immature red blood cell
|
|
erythrocytopenia
|
a condition of the red blood cells
|
|
erythrocytosis
|
condition of red cells
|
|
erythropoiesis
|
the process of red blood cell production
|
|
hematologist
|
a medical specialist in the field of hematology
|
|
hematology
|
the scientific study of blood and blood forming tissues
|
|
hemolysis
|
the brakdown of red blood cells and the release of hemoglobin that occurs normally at the end of the life span of a red cell
|
|
hemolytic
|
destructio of red blood cells
|
|
hemopoiesis
|
the production of the formed elements in the blood
|
|
hemorrhage
|
a loss of a large amount of blood in a short period of time, either externally or internally.
|
|
hemostasis
|
the termination of bleeding by mechanical or chemical means or by the complex coagulation process of the body consisting of vasoconstriction platelet aggregation, and thrombin and fibrin synthesis
|
|
hyperlipemia / hyperlipidemia
|
an excessive level of blood fats usually caused by a lipoprotein lipase defieciency or a defect in the conversion of low density lipoproteins to high density lipoproteins
|
|
hypersplenism
|
a syndrome involving a deficiency of one or more types of blood cells and an enlarged spleen
|
|
leukocyte
|
a white blood cell one of the formed elements of the circulating blood system
|
|
leukocytopenia
|
an abnormal decrease in number of white blood cells to fewer than 5000 cells per cubic millimeter
|
|
lymphocyte
|
small agranulocytic leukocytes originating from fetal stem cells and developing in the blood marrow
|
|
morphology
|
the study of form or shape
|
|
myeloid
|
of or pertaining to the bone marrow or the spinal cord
|
|
neutrophil
|
a polymorphonuclear granular leukocyte that stains easily with neutral dyes
|
|
pancytopenia
|
a marked reduction in the number of the red blood cells white blood cells and platelets
|
|
plasma
|
the watery straw colored fluid portion of the lymph and the blood in which the leukocytes erythrocytes and platelets are suspended
|
|
platelet / thrombocyte
|
a clotting cell
|
|
poikilocytosis
|
a condition of varied or irregular cells
|
|
polycythemia
|
an abnormal increase in the rbc's granulocytes and thrombocytes leading to an increase in blood volume and viscosity
|
|
purpura
|
a group of bleeding disorders characterized by bleeding into the skin and ucous membranes; small pinpoint hemorrhages are known as petechia and larger hemorrhagic arase are known as ecchymoses or bruises
|
|
septicemia
|
systemicinfection in which pathogens are present in the circulating bloodstream having spread from an infection in any part of the body
|
|
seroconversion
|
a change in serologic tests from negative to positive as antibodies develop in reaction to an infection or vaccine
|
|
serology
|
the branch of lab medicine that studies blood serum for evidence of infection by evaluating entigen antibody reactions
|
|
serum
|
the clear thin and sticky fluid portio of the blood that remains after coagulation. serum contains no blood cells platelets or fibrinogen
|
|
splenomegaly
|
an abnormal enlargement of the spleen
|
|
thrombocytopenia
|
an abnormal hematologic condition in which the number of platelets is reduced
|
|
thrombosis
|
abnormal condition in which a clot develops in a blood vessel
|
|
thrombus
|
clot
|