Medical Terminology

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What is?

Anterior Chamber

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fluid filled space between cornea and iris

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aqueous humor

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watery liquid secreted at the ciliary body that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens

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choroid

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vascular layer beneath the sclera that provides nourishment to outer portion of the retina

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conjunctiva

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mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball

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cornea

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front; transparent, anterior part of the eyeball covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber that functions to refract (bend) light to focus a visual image

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fundus

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interior surface of the eyeball including the retina, optic disc, macula, and posterior pole

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iris

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colored circle; colored part of the eye located behind the cornea that contracts and dilates to regulate light pasing through the pupil

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lacrimal gland

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gland located in the upper outer region above the eyeball that secretes tears

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lacrimal duct

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tubes that carry tears to the lacrimal sac

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lacrimal sac

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structure that collects tears before emptying into nasolacrimal duct

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lens

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transparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays on the retina

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nasolacrimal duct

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passageway for tears from the lacrimal sac into the nose

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optic nerve

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nerve responsible for carrying impulses for the sense of sight from the retina to the brain

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pupil

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black circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye

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retina

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innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve

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sclera

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tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve

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vitreous humor

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jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye

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blepharospasm

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involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the eye causing uncontrolled blinking and lid squeezing

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diplopia

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double vision

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exophthalmos/exophthalmus

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abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs

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lacrimation

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secretion of tears

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nystagmus

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involuntary, rapid oscillating movement of the eyeball

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photophobia

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extreme sensitivity to, and discomfort from, light

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astigmatism

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distorted vision caused by irregular curvature of the lens or cornea that prevents light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina

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hyperopia

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farsightedness; difficulty seeing close objects when light rays are focused on a point behind the retina

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myopia

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nearsightedness; difficulty seeing distant objects when light rays are focused on a point in front of the retina

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presbyopia

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impaired vision caused by old age

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accommadation

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ability to focus

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aphakia

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absence of the lens, usually after cataract extraction

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blepharoptosis

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drooping of the eyelid, usually caused by paralysis

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cataract

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opaque clouding of the lens causing decreased vision