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143 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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abdomen
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area between chest and pelvis
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abduction
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moving arm or leg away from body.
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AIDS
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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A disease that destroys the immune system caused by HIV.
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Active Range of Motion (AROM)
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resident can do their own range of motion.
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adduction
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moving arm or leg to center of body.
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advanced directive
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also known as a living will. The patient signs a document stating his/her wishes regarding resuscitation, etc.
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alcohol prep
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small pad soaked with disinfectant alcohol used to clean skin.
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alignment
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keeping a straight line.
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Alzheimer disease
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a terminal disease resulting in dementia.
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ambulatory
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able to walk
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angina
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chest pain because heart is deprived of oxygen.
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antibody
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substance produced by the blood that fights disease.
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antiseptic
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cleaning that prevents growth of bacteria.
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aorta
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large blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart.
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aphasia
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unable to speak or understand speech.
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apical pulse
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obtaining a pulse by listening through a stethoscope placed over the heart.
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arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis
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deposits in blood vessels that narrow the blood vessels causing decrease in oxygen to the cells. It's a contributing cause of heart disease.
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artery
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blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
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arthritis
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chronic disease of the joints.
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asepsis
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to be free of disease causing microorganisms.
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aspirate
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inhaling food or liquid into lungs.
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atrophy
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shriveling, wasting away, weakening.
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axillary
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underarm area.
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bacteria
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microorganisms, some of which cause disease.
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battery
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touching another person without their permission.
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blood pressure
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force of blood inside the artery wall. The pressure is measured at two point; when the heart contracts and when it relaxes.
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body prominence
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where the bones are close to the surface of the skin.
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brachial pulse
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pulse on inside of elbow, above the bend of elbow.
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calibrated
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measured
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carcinoma
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cancerous
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cardiac arrest
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lack of heart beat
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CPR
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) done when the patient has no heart beat and respirations. Circulation is maintained by doing chest compressions, and doing mouth to mouth repiration to prevent death of brain cells.
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central nervous system
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brain and spine
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clean catch urine specimen
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obtaining urine sample during middle of urinary stream.
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clinitest
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measurement of glucose in urine.
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colostomy
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surgical opening into the colon.
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commode
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a movable chair used for toileting with a bed pan in it.
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congested
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filled with fluid.
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contracture
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muscle that becomes shortened due to lack of use.
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cyanosis
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blue of gray color that appears on nail bed or lips due to lack of oxygen in the blood.
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dangling position
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resident sits with their legs over the side of the bed.
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decubitus ulcer
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breakdown of tissue, usually over bony prominences when circulation to the area is poor. "bed sores"
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diabetes mellitus
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a chronic disease in which the pancreas does not produce enough insulin.
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diastolic blood pressure.
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the pressure in the blood vessels when the heart relaxes between contractions. This appears as the bottom number of the blood pressure.
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draw sheet
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small sheet placed across the middle of the bed, over the bottom sheet.
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dyspnea
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difficulty breathing.
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edema
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fluid retention resulting in swelling.
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embolus
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a blood clot that travels from one point and lodges in another blood vessel causing a blockage.
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emesis basin
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a small kidney shaped basin into which resident will vomit or spit.
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emesis
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vomitus
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endocrine glands
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glands that regulate body function by secreting hormones..
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enema
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introduction of fluid into rectum and colon to relieve constipation
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expectorate
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to spit
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false imprisonment
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restricting resident's movement when he/she causes no threat to others.
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flatus
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gas expelled from digestive tract.
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flow sheet.
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A form used to document resident information, such as recording ADL's or vital signs.
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foley catheter
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a catheter inserted into the bladder to drain urine.
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foot drop
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A contracture of the heel cord resulting in shortening of the muscles in the calf or leg.
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force fluids
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encourage resident to drink extra fluids as ordered by the physician.
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Fowler's position
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sitting up in bed position with head of bed rolled up to 45 degrees.
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gait
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walk/stride
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gangrene
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death of tissue due to poor circulation.
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glaucoma
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increased pressure in eyeball.
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hand roll
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roll placed in the hand to prevent hand contraction.
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health care directives
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written instructions a person may leave as to what they would like done regarding end of life issues in the event they are not able to make these decisions later.
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hemiparesis
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loss of sensation in one side of the body
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hemiplegia
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paralysis of one side of the body.
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hemerroid
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enlarged vein in rectum that causes pain/bleeding
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hepatitis
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inflammation of the liver
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homeostasis
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balance of all body functions within normal limits.
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hypertension
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high blood pressure
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hypotension
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low blood pressure
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integument
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skin
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intake/output I & O
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amount of fluid taken in and put out
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kidney
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two organs in the upper back portion of the abdomen that remove waste products from the bloodstream and excrete them as urine.
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large intestine
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6 ft long intestine where the stool is formed.
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lateral
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to the side of the body.
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ligament
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strong strands of tissue that connect bones together.
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logroll
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turning the resident onto the side, keeping the resident's head and back in a straight line.
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malignant
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a tumor that spreads and is cancerous.
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meatus
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opening from exterior of body into urinary tract
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medical aspsis
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techniques and procedures to decrease the spread of pathogens.
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metastasis
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spread of cancer throughout the body
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midstream
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obtaining a urine sample after the resident starts the stream.
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mucus membrane
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lining inside certain passages of body such as nose, lungs, rectum, genital area
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myocardial infarction (MI)
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Heart Attack
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nephron
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basic filtering unit of the kidney
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nervous system
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the brain spinal cord, and nerves that control and regulate activities and functions of the body.
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Omnibus Budget Reconcilliation Act (OBRA)
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A federal law that focuses on the care of the elderly in long term care facilities.
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opportunistic disease
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a disease that develops in a person who has a diminished immune system
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osteoporosis
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loss of calcium from bones that results in bones fracturing very easily.
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ostomy
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surgical opening into the body. ie, colostomy.
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output
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amount of fluid a resident puts out.
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paraplegia
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paralysis of lower limbs of body
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personal protective equipment (PPE)
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masks, gowns, gloves, etc.
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pressure ulcer
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same as decubitus ulcer or "bed sore."
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bony prominences
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places on body where bones come close to surface ie coccyx, heels, elbows.
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pronation
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a turning down motion
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prone
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lying on abdomen
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pulmonary
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pertaining to lungs
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quadriplegia
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paralysis from the neck down, of both arms and both legs.
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radial pulse
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pulse located at base of thumb.
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sphygmomanometer
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blood pressure cuff for blood pressure.
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sputum
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mucus brought up by the lungs.
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standard precautions
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infection control technique that assumes that all body fluids are infectious.
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Sundown Syndrome
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restlessness, agitation and behavior that may increase in the late afternoon/evening.
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supine
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laying on back
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systolic pressure
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pressure in the blood vessel when the heart contracts. Indicated as the upper number in the blood pressure reading.
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tachycardia
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fast heart beat (pulse rate).
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tendon
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tissues that connects muscles to bones.
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terminal
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end of life.
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transient ischemic attack (TIA)
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decreased blood flow to the brain for a short time.
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tuberculosis (TB)
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an airborne, communicable disease of the lungs
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tumor
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a growth that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
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universal precautions
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infection control that assumes that all body fluids with blood are infectious.
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validation therapy
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a manner of interacting with a confused resident that accepts their thoughts and encourages communication.
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VRE
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Vancomycin Resistant Entereococci--A bacteria which has become resistant to the antibiotic Vancomycin.
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Veins
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blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.
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vital signs
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temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure.
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viod
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to pass urine.
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vomitus
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emesis, substance brought up by the stomach.
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1 Quart=______cc's.
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1000
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1 oz=_____cc's or ml
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30 cc's or ml
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bath water should not exceed ____degrees
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105
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Oral care for the unconscious should be done
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Every (Q) 2 hours (h)
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CPR=30 compressions followed by___ respirations.
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2
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A normal pulse rate is _____per minute.
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60-100. Tachycardia is more than 100. Bradycardia is less than 60.
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What is normal systolic/diastolic blood pressure?
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120/80. Systolic is the top number. Optimal systolic is 120 or less. Diastolic is the bottom number. Optimal diastolic is 80 or less.
prehypertension for systeolic is: 120-139. 140 and above is hypertension prehypertension for diastolic is: 80-89. 90 and above is hypertension. |
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What is the normal respiration rate?
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14-20 respirations per minute (60 sec).
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What are the grieving stages according to Kubler Ross?
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(DABDA) Denial. Anger. Bargaining. Depression. Acceptance.
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Name 3 bony prominences?
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coccyx, heels, hips.
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What are two symptoms of an impaction?
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1. Absence of normal BM for several days.
2. Small, liquid smears of BM. |
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The ABCD's of CPR are...
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Airway
Breathing Circulation Defibrilation |
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Name 2 observations about stool that should be reported to the charge nurse.
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black, tarry stool
hard stool |
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Describe 1 specific aging change associated with each of the following.
skin digestive system muscles vision cardiovascular |
skin--more fragile, tears easily
digestive system--decreased number of digestive enzymes. muscles--proportion of muscle fibers to fat cells decrease. vision--decreased peripheral vision. cardiovascular--efficiency of heart decreases, decreased circulation. |
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dysphagia
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difficulty swallowing
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aphasia
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difficulty speaking
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quadriplegia
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paralyzed from the neck down
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paraplegia
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paralyzed from the waist down.
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dyspnea
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difficulty breathing.
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cyanotic
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bluish discoloration
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contracture
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shortening or tightening of muscle/tendon.
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a TIA may be a warning sign of a stroke. T or F?
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TRUE. A TIA (transient ischemic attack)-- temporary decreased blood flow to the brain--could be a warning sign of a stroke.
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