Medical Terminology 13

Front 1

adenopathy

Back 1

any disease of a gland.

Front 2

adrenalectomy

Back 2

surgical removal of one or both of the adrenal glands

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adrenocortical

Back 3

pertaining to the cortex of the adrenal glands

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androgen

Back 4

any steriod hormone that increases male characteristics for example, testosterone

Front 5

antidiuretic

Back 5

pertaining to the suppression of urine production; an agent given to suppress the production of urine.

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endocrine gland

Back 6

ductless gland that produces a chemical substance called a hormone, which is secreted directly into the bloodstream instead of exciting the body through ducts.

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endocrinology

Back 7

physician who specializes in the medical practice of treating the disease and disorders of the endocrine system.

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euthyroid

Back 8

pertaining to a noramlly functioning thyroid gland.

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exocrine gland

Back 9

gland that opens onto the surface of the skin through ducts in the epithelium, such as an oil gland or a sweat gland.

Front 10

exophthalmia (exophthalmos)

Back 10

abormal condition characterized by a marked outward protrusion of the eyeballs.

Front 11

gonads

Back 11

term used to refer to the female sex glands or ovaries, and the male sex gland or testes.

Front 12

hirsutism

Back 12

condition in which there is excessive body hair in a male distribution pattern.

Front 13

hypercalcemia

Back 13

elevated blood calcium level.

Front 14

hyperglycemia

Back 14

elevated blood sugar level.

Front 15

hyperkalemia

Back 15

elevated blood potassium level.

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hypernatremia

Back 16

elevated blood sodium level.

Front 17

hypocalcemia

Back 17

less than normal blood calcium level.

Front 18

hypoglycemia

Back 18

less than normal blood sugar level.

Front 19

hypokalemia

Back 19

less than normal blood potassium level.

Front 20

hyponatremia

Back 20

less than normal blood sodium level.

Front 21

polydipsia

Back 21

excessive thirst

Front 22

polyuria

Back 22

excretion of excessively large amounts of urine.

Front 23

acromegaly

Back 23

chronic metabolic condition characterized by gradual, noticeable enlargement and elongation of the bones of the face, jaw, and extremities, due to oversecretion of the pituitary gland after puberty.

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diabetes insipidus

Back 24

metabolic disorder characterized by extreme polydipsia and polyuria this is a disorder of the pituitary gland due to deficiency in secretion of the antidiuretic hormone.

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dwarfism

Back 25

condition in which there is an abnormal underdevelopment of the body; condition characterized by extremely short height and is usually caused by undersecretion of the pituitary gland

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gigantism

Back 26

abnormal condition characterized by excessive size and height; this condition is usually due to an oversecretion of the pituitary gland

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thyroid gland

Back 27

A butterfly-shaped endocrine gland in the neck that is found on both sides of the trachea windpipe). It secretes the hormone thyroxine which controls the rate of metabolism.

Front 28

goiter

Back 28

enlargement of the thyroid gland due to excessive growth (hyperplasia)

Front 29

hyperthyroidism (grave's disease)

Back 29

overactivity of the thyroid gland; also called graves disease

Front 30

hypothyriodism

Back 30

less than normal activity of the thyroid gland.

Front 31

myxedema

Back 31

most severe form of hypothyroidism in the adult. characterized by puffiness in the hands, face, coarse, thickening, edematous skin, enlarged tongue, slow speech, low of and dryness of the hair, sensitivity to cold, drowsiness, and mental apathy.

Front 32

cretinism

Back 32

congenital condition (occurs at birth) caused by a lack of thyroid secretion. condition characterized by dwarfism, slowed mental development, puffy facial features, dry skin, and large tongue.

Front 33

thyroiditis (hashimoto's thyroiditis)

Back 33

inflammation of the thyroid gland.

Front 34

thyrotoxicosis (thyroid storm)

Back 34

The condition resulting from presentation to the tissues of excessive quantities of the thyroid hormones, whether the excess results from overproduction by the thyroid gland (as in Graves disease), originated outside the thyroid or is due to loss of storage function and leakage from the gland.

Front 35

hyperparathyroidism

Back 35

hyperactivity of the 4 parathyroid glands resulting in oversecretion of parathyroid hormone.

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hypoparathyroidism

Back 36

less than normal of the 4 parathyroid glands

Front 37

addison's disease

Back 37

life-threatening disease due to failure of the adrenal cortex to secrete adequate mineralcorticoids and glucocorticoids resulting from an autoimmune process, a neoplasm, an infection, or a hemorrhage in the gland.

Front 38

conn's disease

Back 38

condition characterized by excretion of excessive amounts of aldosterone, the most influential of the mineralocorticoids, which cause the body to retain extra sodium and excrete extra potassium, leading to an increased volume of blood (hypervolemia and hypertension.

Front 39

cushing's disease

Back 39

condition of the adrenal glan in which there is a cluster of symptoms occurring as a result of an excessive amount of cortisol or ACTH circulating in the blood.

Front 40

pheochromocytoma

Back 40

vascular tumor of the adrenal medulla that produces extra epinephrine and norepinephrine, leading to persistent or intermittent hypertension and heart palpitations.

Front 41

virilism

Back 41

development of male secondary sex characateristics in the female due to the excessive secretion of adrenocortical androgens frmo teh adrenal cortex

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pancreas

Back 42

A tongue-shaped glandular organ lying below and behind the stomach

Front 43

diabetes mellitus

Back 43

disorder of the pancreas in which the beta cells of the islets of langerhans of the pancreas fail to produce an adequate amount of insulin, resulting in teh body's inability to appropriately metabolize carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Front 44

gestational diabetes

Back 44

disorder in which women who are not diabetic before pregnancy develop diabetes during pregnancy; inability to metabolize carbohydrates with results of hyperglycemia.

Front 45

pancreatitis

Back 45

acute or chronic destructive inflammatory condition of the pancreas.

Front 46

pituitary gland

Back 46

A small oval shaped endocrine gland situated at the base of the brain in the fossa (depression) of the sphenoid bone. The overall role is to regulate growth and metabolism.

Front 47

thyroid function test (T3, T4 & TSH)

Back 47

test that measure the blood levels fo the hormone T3, T4, and TSH

Front 48

glucose tolerance test (GTT)

Back 48

test that evaluates the person's ability to tolerate concentrated oral glucose load by measuring the glucose levels.

Front 49

radioactive iodine uptake test (RAIU)

Back 49

thyroid function test that evaluates the function of the thyroid gland by administering a known amout of radioactive iodine and later placing a gamma ray detector over the thyroid gland to determine the percentage or quantity of radioactive iodine absorbed by the gland over specific time periods.

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ACTH

Back 50

adrenocorticotropic hormone

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Ca

Back 51

calcium

Front 52

GTT

Back 52

glucose tolerance test

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K

Back 53

potassium

Front 54

Na

Back 54

sodium

Front 55

NIDDM

Back 55

non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

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RAIU

Back 56

radioactive iodine intake

Front 57

T3

Back 57

triiodothyronine (thyroid hormone)

Front 58

T4

Back 58

thyroxine (thyroid hormone)

Front 59

TSH

Back 59

thyroid-stimulating hormone