Medical Tem

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blood brain barrier

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mechinanism that blocks specific substances found in the bloodstream from entering brain

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cell body

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division of a neuron that includes the nucleus, cell organelles, and surrounding cytoplasm, but not include the axon or dendrites

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motor neurons

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neurons that tranmits from the central nerves system to muscle of gland

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nevous impulse

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pysiological change tranmitted through certain tissue

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nuerology

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branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of disorder of nervous system

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neurotranmitters

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chemical substance that tranmit or inhibit nerve impulse at the synapes

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psychiatry

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branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders

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sensory neuron

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neuron that tranmits from receptor in the skin, sense organs, and internal organ to the central nervous system

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synapse

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juction where a nerve impulse passes from an axon terminal to a neuron muscle cell or gland

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neuroglia

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nerve glue

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brain

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center for thought and emotion, interpretation of sensory stimuli and coordination of body function

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spinal cord

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main pathway for tranmission of information between the brain and body

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cranial nerve

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12 pairs of nerves the emerge from the bass of the skull and may act a motor or sensory capacity

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spinal nerves

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includes 31 pairs of nerves the emerge from the spine and act in motor and sensory capacities

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somatic

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tranmits sensory impulse to the central nervous system

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sypathetic

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division of the automic nervous system that prepares the body for fight or flight

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parasympathic

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divisiom of the autonomic nervous system that moderates or reserves the acgtion of the sypathetic nervous system

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cerebrum

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is largest part of brain it consists of two hemisheres

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corpus callosum

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joins these hemisheres, permites communication between both halves

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cerebellum

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occupies the posterior portion of brain function is movement

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thalamus

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recieves all stensory stimili except except the nose and process it sendeing it to the cerebal cortex

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hypothalamus

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auto nomis nerve impulse, regulates body tempature, and controlled endocrine fuctions

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brainsteam

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pair of 10 to 12 nerves that controll respiration, blood pressure, and heart rate

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subarachnoid space

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contain cerebrospinal fluid provides protection for brain and spinal cord

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cerebr/o

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cerebrum

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cerebrotomy

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incision of the cerebrum

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crani/o

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cranium (skull)

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craniomalacia

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softening of the cranial bones

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dendr/o

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tree

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dendroid

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resembling a branch of a tree

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encephal/o

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brain

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enchalocele

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herniation of the brain

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ganglio

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knot

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galgliectomy

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excision of the ganglion

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gli/o

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glue: neurogial tissue

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glioma

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tomor composed of neuroglial or supportive tissue of the nervous system

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lex/o

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word/phrase

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dsylexia

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difficulty using and interpreting writing forms of communication

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kenesi

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movement

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bradykinesia

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slow movement

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lept

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thin

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leptomeningopathy

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diesease of the leptomeninges

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mening/o
meningi/o

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meninges

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meningocele

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hernation of the meninges through skull and spinal column

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meningioma

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slow growing tomar ofginating in the meninges

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myel/o

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bone marrow

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polimyelitis

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inflammation of the gray matter of spinal cord

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narc/o

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stupo/ numbness /sleep

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naurotic

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producing stupor or sleep

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neuro

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nerve

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neurolysis

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loosing of adhesion surrounding a nerve

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stheno

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strength

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hypersthenia

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abnormal strength with excessive tension in all or part of body

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radicul/o

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nerve root

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radiculalgia

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pain in the nerve root

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thec

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sheath

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intrathecal

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space within the sheath

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thalam/o

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thalamus

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thalamotomy

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incision of the thalmus to relieve pain

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ton/o

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tension

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ventricul/o

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ventricle

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venticulometry

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meusurement of intraventricular tissue

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algesia
algia

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pain

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analgesia

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without pain

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synalgia

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referred pain

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astenia

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weakness

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myasthenia

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muslar weekness

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esthesia

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feeling

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hyperestesia

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increase of sensory imput

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kinesia

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movement

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hyperkinesia

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excessive movement

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lepsy

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suizures

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epilespy

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any disorder with suizures

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paraesis

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partial paralysis

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hemiparasis

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paralysis of one side of body

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phasia

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speech

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aphasia

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without speech

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plegia

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paralysis

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quandiplegia

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paralysis of four limps

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plexy

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stork

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catapley

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sudden brief loss of muscle control

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taxia

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order, coordination

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ataxia

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defective mucles cordination

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trophy

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development, nourishment

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dystrophy

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defective nutrition or metabolism

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contra

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against

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contralateral

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opposite side

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pachy

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thick

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packymeningitis

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inflammation of the dura mater

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para

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near or beside

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syn

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join

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synestesia

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stimulilation of one sense that cause a perceptiom in one or more diffence sense

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uni

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one

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unilateral

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pertaining to one side

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parkinson disease

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progressive neurological disorder affect brain movement shaking

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affective disorder

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characterized is abnormal mood, usually mania or depression

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anorexia nervosa

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eating disorder causing person to want to remain thin

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anxiety

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excessive worry with excessive thought

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attention deficit disorder

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impulsiveness, overactive, and inabilty to remain fucosed

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bipolar disorder

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unuasual shift in mood, emotion, energy, and ability to function

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bulia

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binging and purging

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mania

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mental and physical hyperactivity

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pain attack

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over whelming feeling of fear comes without warning

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agnosia

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inabilty to comprehend auditorhy, visual, spacial, olfactory, or other sensation even through the sensory sphere is intact

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astenia

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weekness, debility, or loss of strength

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aura

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premenitory awareness of an approaching physical or mental disorder

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autism

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mental disorder charactized by extreme withdrawal and an abnormal absortion in fantasty

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clonic spasm

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alternatnate contraction and relaxation of muscle

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closed head trauma

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injury to the head which the dura remians intact and brain tissue is not exposed

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coma

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abnormally deep unconiousness without absense of voluntary response

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concussion

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transient loss of consciousness as result from head trauma

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dementia

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refers to cognitive deficit

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guillain-barre sydrome

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acute polyneuritis the progessive weaknesss in extremities

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herpes zoster

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painful, acute infection disease of the posterior rott gangia of only a few segment of spinal cord shingles

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huntington chorea

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inherited decease of the cns usually has one onset in people between ages of 30 and 40

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hydrocephalus

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accumulation o0f fluid in the ventricaler of brain

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lethargy

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lack of response to stimuli

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phychosis

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reality is lost to the point the individuals is incapable of meeting challanges of daily life

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spinal bifida

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defect in which neural tube fials to close during embryogenius

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meningcele

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form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord devolepes property but the meninges protudes through the spine

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myelomeningcele

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most servere form of spina bifida the spinal cord and meninges protrudes through the spine

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occultia

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form of spinal bifida where one or more vertebrae are malformed and the spinal cord is covered with skin layer

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parathesia

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sensation of numbness, prickling, tingling, ot heightened sensitivity

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reye syndrome

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acute encephalopathy and fatty infiltration of brain, liver and possibly the organs

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sciatica

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severe pain in the legs that course of the scaitic, nerve felt at the base of the spine

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syncope

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loss of consciousess sudden decline of blood flow to brain

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electroenchalography

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recording of the electrical activity in the brain

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electromyograph

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recording of electical signals that occur in the muscle when it at rest and during contraction to acess nerve damage

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lumbar puncture

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needle puncture of the spinal cord to take spinal fluid fro test or to treat pain

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magnetoencephalograph

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noninvasive test record electromagnetic activity produced as nuerons discharged and map their pathways

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nerve conduction velocity

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measure the spped at which immpulse travel through a nerve

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celebrospinal fluid analysis

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chemical , microscopic, and microbuial teest used to diagniose disorders of central nerves system

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angiography

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radiology of blood vessel after introduction of contrast medium

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myelography

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radiology of spinal cord

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echoencephalograph

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ultrasould of the brain

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cryosurgery

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technigue that exposdes abnormal tissues to extreme cold to destoy

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sterotaxic radiosurgery

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Precise method of locating and destroying sharp circumscribed lesion of specific, tiny area of patholical tissue in deep seeted structures of nervous system

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tractotomy

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transection of a nerve tract in the brainsteam or spinal cord

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trephination

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cuts a circular oping into the skull to reveal brain tissue and decrease intracranial pressure

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nagotomy

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interruption of function of the vagus nerves to relive peptice ulcera

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anesthetics

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produces partial or complete loss of sensation, with or without loss of consciosness

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antoconvulsant

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supress or controls suizures

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antiparkinsonian agent

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reduce sighes of parkinsons diesease

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hypotic

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depress central nervous system fuction and promotes sediation and sleep

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antipsychotics

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treat hallucations, delusion, agitation , and paronoA SYMTHOMS

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antidepressants

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treat mulible symptoms of depression

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psychostimulant

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treat nacrolepsy and adhd

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AD

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ALZHEIMER DISEASE

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ALS

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AMYOTROPIC LATERAL SCHEROSIS

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ANS

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AUTONOMIC NERVOUSE SYSTEM

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BEAM

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BRAIN ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY MAPPING

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CNS

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CENTRAL NERVES SYSTEM

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CP

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CEREBRAL PALSY

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CSF

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CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

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CVA

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CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT

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ICP

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INTRACRIAL PRESSURE

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LOC

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LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS

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LP

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LUMBAR PUNCTURE

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MS

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MENTAL STATUS

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NCV

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NERVE CONDIDISION VELOCITY

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PET

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POSITRON CONTUCTION VELOCITY

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SNS

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SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

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TIA

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TRANSIENT ISCHEMIA ATTACK