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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most common bacterial pathogen responsible for community-acquired pneumonia?
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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What are other pathogens responsible for bacterial pneumonia besides Streptococcus?
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Staph aureus
M. catarrhalis Haemophilus influenzae |
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The onset of bacterial pneumonia is?
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rapid and generally follows a viral infection that disturbs the natural defense mechanisms of the upper respiratory tract
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What are the symptoms of children with bacterial pneumonia?
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fever
malaise rapid and shallow respirations cough chest pain exaggerated by deep breathing |
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The pain of pneumonia may be referred to the?
appendicitis...chills and meningeal symptoms (meningism) are common |
abdomen...it is sometimes confused with?
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What are the principal therapeutic measures of a patient with pneumococcal pneumonia if patient is okay to stay at home?
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antibiotic therapy
bed rest liberal oral intake of fluid antipyretic for fever |
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When is hospitalization indicated when patient has bacterial pneumonia?
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for pleural effusion or empyema
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An infant or small child is better off in the hospital with bacterial pneumonia because?
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illness is more variable
complications more common IV fluids necessary oxygen may be required possibility of respiratory distress |
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What can some children, especially infants, with staphylococcal pneumonia develop?
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empyema
pyopneumothorax tension pneumothorax AOM PE |
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What procedure is performed if fluid is suspected in the pleural cavity?
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diagnostic needle aspiration or thoracentesis...
nonpurulent effusions don't require surgical drainage continuous closed-chest drainage may need to be instituted when purulent fluid is aspirated |
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What is the prognosis for bacterial pneumonia?
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generally good
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What is the prevention for bacterial pneumonia?
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use of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine esp. in children older than 2yo
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What is the nursing care for pneumonia?
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symptomatic...keep track of
respiratory assessment administration of oxygen antibiotics disposition of child level of activity possible isolation rest cautious use of antitussives fluids to prevent dehydration oral fluids are used cautiously to avoid aspiration and fatigue placement in mist tent cool humidification moistens airways and provides atmosphere that aids in temperature reduction |
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What do children in mist tents require?
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frequent clothing and linen changes to prevent chilling in damp atmosphere
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How does lying on the affected side (if pneumonia is unilateral) help the child?
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splints the chest on that side and reduces the pleural rubbing that often causes discomfort
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Children with ineffectual cough or those who have difficulty handling secretions may require?
infants, but mechanical suction should be ready if needed |
suctioning to maintain patent airway....a simple bulb syringe is usually sufficient for?
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Postural drainage and chest physiotherapy are generally prescribed every how many hours?
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4
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The hospitalized child is feeling?
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apprehensive
frightened stressed |
