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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Earwax is produced by the __________ _________
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ceruminous glands
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The principle transducer on which most of the afferent axons of the cochlea synapse are the _____ ______ ______
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inner hair cells
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type I (bipolar axons) are found on the ________ _________ __________
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inner hair cells
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Inner hair cells consist of _____ row(s) of cells
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1
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Outer hair cells consist of ____ row(s) of cells
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3
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__________ afferent axons originate on the outer hair cells
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type II
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where do efferent axons of the inner cells synapse?
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on the afferent axons
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where do the efferent axons of the outer cells synapse?
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directly on the outer hair cell
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What is identified by 1? 2? Identify each of the colored fibers
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1 = inner hair cell; 2 = outer hair cell; Afferent fibers: Blue = type I; Green = type II
Efferent fibers: Mauve = IHC; Red = OHC |
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What is the center for sound localization in space?
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Superior Olivary Complex
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What are the three central auditory pathways that cross in the medulla?
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Dorsal acoustic stria, medial olivocochlear bundle, intermediate acoustic stria
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The central auditory pathways ascend from the medulla to the pons through what structure?
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lateral lemniscus
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Where do the central auditory pathways synapse in the cortex?
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The transverse temporal gyrus
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High pitched sounds are heard at the ________ of the cochlea
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base
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low pitched sounds are heard at the __________ of the cochlea
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apex
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Fill in the blanks
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The scala tympani and scala vestibuli are filled with ___________
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perilymph
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The inner and outer hair cells of the cochlea are found in what structure?
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Organ of Corti
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The scala media is filled with ____________
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endolymph
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What initiates cochlear hair cell depolarization?
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Traveling waves through the cochlea displace the basilar and tectorial membranes, bending the hair cells and depolarizing them.
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depolarization of the cochlear hair cells is caused by a rapid influx of what ion?
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K+
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without the middle ear, only 2% of the energy of sound would get to the cochlea (True/False)
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True
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_____ conduction of sound requires an intact middle ear
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air
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During a Weber's test, if the patient has right cochlear damage, sound will lateralize to the _____ ear. If the patient has right middle ear obstruction, sound will lateralize to the ________ ear
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left, right
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How would you determine middle ear defects in a patient?
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look for a lack of air conductance in the rhinne test
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Interpret this patients hearing loss at 6kHz
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Patient has hearing loss of +15db at 6kHz (normal)
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What are the three types of hearing loss and what causes them?
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Conductive (middle ear pathology), Sensory-neural (acoustic nerve or cochlear pathology), Central (CNS lesion)
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The most common cause of adult onset hearing loss is ___________
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otosclerosis
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Interpret this patients hearing loss chart
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Conductive hearing loss (bone conduction (sensory-neural) normal)
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What condition, common in children, is associated with fluid in the middle ear? What is the treatment? Why does it often go undiagnosed? What are the results if untreated?
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Serous Otitis Media, ear tubes, not painful, poor language aquisition and social development
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What is tympanometry?
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Objective measurement of ear impedance
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What are the principal causes of sensory-neural hearing loss?
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time (presbyacusis), ototoxic agents, noise-induced hearing loss
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interpret this patients hearing loss chart
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Presbyacusis, normal, age-related hearing loss
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Interpret this patients hearing loss chart
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Noise-induced hearing loss (note 4kHz notch)
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