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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gram (-) general characteristics
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1) gram stain pink/red
2)thin peptidoglycan layer 3)LPS (endotoxin) 4) porins and periplasmic space 5) 2 layers |
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gram (+) general characteristics
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1) gram stain purple/blue
2)thick peptidoglycan layer 3)techoic acids 4) some have periplasmic space 5) 1 layers |
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lysozyme breaks what bonds?
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B-1-4 bonds
(between NAM and NAG in pepdtidoglycan) |
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Do bacteria have sterols?
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NO!!!
(except for mycoplasma -needs some rigidity b/c no it has no cell wall) |
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example of acid fast bacteria?
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mycobacterium & nocardia
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difference between spheroplast and protoplast?
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gm - portion of cell wall remains
gm+ cell wall completely removed |
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what is the action of penicillin?
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PBP -penicillian binding proteins
prevent NEW cell wall formation! |
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where are endoflagella located?
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5
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what is the lectin pathway?
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alternative way to activate complement via C3 convertase
(mannose binding protein binds to carbs on the bacteria) |
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mycolic acids are found where?
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on acid fast bacteria
gives waxy appearance (esterification of arabino-glactan) |
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what are the three types of acid fast staining?
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1)Ziehl-Neelsen Staining
2)Kinyoun Staining 3)Fluorochrome Stain |
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1)acid fast color?
2)non-acid fast color? |
1)red/pink
2)blue/green |
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What is the 3rd a.a. in the tetrapeptide of NAM? what is the fourth?
Gram(+) vs. Gram (-) |
Gm( - )3rd a.a. is meso- Diaminopimelic acid
Gm(+) 3rd a.a. is l-lysine both connect to 4th a.a.- D-Alanine |
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Genes for antibiotic resistance or mating capabilites are found on what?
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plasmids
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Mesomes are?
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invaginations of cytoplasmic membrane that anchor DNA in bacteria
mostly gm(+) |
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Inclusion bodies contain what?
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1) Poly-B-hydroxybuturate PHB
2) Polymetaphosphate granules 3) Glycogen granules |
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What two spp form endospores?
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Bacillus and Clostridium
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Charateristic compound of a endospore core?
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Cacium-dipicolic acid (10% of dry wt)
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vegetative cells are usu?
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gram (+) usu sporulate
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an H+ bacteria is said to have?
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flagella and is therefore motile
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name some virulence factors for bacteria..
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1)flagella (H antigen)
2)capsule (K, M V1 antigens) 3)fimbriae 4)plasmid may code for some |
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Describe the Log phase of growth
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exponential growth, pop double with each generation
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Name the group fo bacteria that can grow btw 20-40C optimally?
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Mesophiles
-group containing human pathogens |
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Which bacteria contian Superoxide dismutase?
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microaerophiles, aerobes, facultative anaerobes
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differential media is?
selective media? can a media be both? |
1)more than one type can grow but diffrentiated by visible rxns on plate
2)allows one species to grow and supresses others via pH,O2 tension etc yes! |
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Sabourad's media used for?
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fungal cultivation
contains antibiotics adn low pH to supress bacterial growth |
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reduced media is ?
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media with a reducing agent in it - removes oxygen!
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What organism grow below .9 AW?
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most bacteria DON"T grow below .9
except salt-tolerant halophiles fungi and yeasts can grow in Aw-.6 |
