Medical Immunology Dickinson Lecture 3 Innate/natural Defenses

Front 1

__________ cells are the main source of defensins in the intestine, located in the _________

Back 1

panneth; crypts

Front 2

______________ inhibits bacterial proteases by eshrouding them (like a protease fly trap)

Back 2

alpha2-macroglobulin

Front 3

___________ acquire antigen, migrate to lymph nodes and present the antigen to T cells

Back 3

macrophages

Front 4

__________ are the cell surface receptors on macrophages that recognize pathogens

Back 4

TLRs (toll-like receptors)

Front 5

TLR_____ heterodimer detects bacterial peptidoglycan and lipoproteins

Back 5

1-2

Front 6

TLR___ heterodimer detects double stranded viral RNA

Back 6

3

Front 7

TLR____ heterodimer detects Gram negative bacteria

Back 7

4

Front 8

A __________ phagocytizes bacteria and then soon dies. It is then engulfed by __________

Back 8

neutrophil; macrophages

Front 9

________: a genetic defect in beta2 integrins results in a defect in white blood cell migration to sites of infection; lymphocytes are still able to home to lymphoid tissues (beta1 integrins are intact)

Back 9

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD)

Front 10

CGD, G6PD deficiency and Myeloperoxidase defeciency would result in a defective _________ _________

Back 10

respiratory burst

Front 11

________________________: vesicle fusion in phagocytes is defective

Back 11

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

Front 12

NK cells produce a _______ (early/late) response to virus

Back 12

early

Front 13

NK cells distinguish __________ from _________

Back 13

self; nonself

Front 14

NK cells detect when abnormal ligands are present and when normal ligands are absent (true/false)

Back 14

true

Front 15

____________-mediated adhesion allows the neutrophil to roll along the vascular endothelial surface

Back 15

selectin

Front 16

rolling adhesion of neutrophils is followed by __________, _________ and lastly _____________

Back 16

tight binding; diapedesis; migration

Front 17

in tight binding, _________ on the neutrophil surface binds to _________ on the vascular endothelium

Back 17

LFA-1; ICAM-1

Front 18

Neutrophils are guided to the site of infection by sensing what chemokine?

Back 18

CXCL8 (IL-8)

Front 19

Which pro-inflammatory cytokine, when released systemically, can cause death via septic shock?

Back 19

TNF-alpha

Front 20

__________ secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines upon sensing microbial products

Back 20

macrophages

Front 21

what three pro-inflammatory cytokines induce acute phase protein production in hepatocytes?

Back 21

IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-1

Front 22

Increased body temp fights infection how?

Back 22

decreased viral and bacterial replication, more effective immune response

Front 23

___________ binds mannose-containing carbohydrates of bacteria, fungi, protozoans and viruses

Back 23

MBL (mannose binding lectin)

Front 24

__________ and __________ enhance the fixation of complement at the pathogen surface

Back 24

CRP (C-reactive protein); MBL (mannose binding lectin)

Front 25

___________ binds the phosphocholine component of lipopolysaccharides in bacterial and fungal cell walls

Back 25

CRP (C-reactive protein)

Front 26

virus infected cells are stimulated to produce type ___ interferons

Back 26

1

Front 27

what is the major type 1 interferon producing cell in the blood?

Back 27

plasmacytoid DC

Front 28

What the functions of the interferon response?

Back 28

induce resistance to viral replication in all cells; increase expression of ligands for receptors on NK cells; activate NK cells to kill virus-infected cells