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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How does the cardiopulmonary system compensate for hypoxemia?
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1)By increasing ventilation
2)By increasing cardiac output |
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Respiratory signs of hypoxemia
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1)mild-tachypnea, dyspnea, paleness
2)severe-cyanosis, coma, clubbing |
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Cardiovascular symptoms of hypoxemia
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1)Mild-tachycardia, mild hypertension, peripheral vasoconstriction
2)severe--hypertension and eventual hypotension |
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Neurologic
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1)mild-restlessness, disorientation, headaches, lassitude
2)somnolence,confusion,distressed appearance, blurred/tunnel vision, loss of coordination, slow reaction time, manic-depressive activity |
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Oxygen toxicity symptoms
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1)damage to capillary endothelium
2)damage to type one alveolar cells, exudative phase 3) Pulmonary fibrosis and hypertension |
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FiO2 greater than 0.5
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Causes risk of absorption atalectasis
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Nasal cannula
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1) 2-8 L
2) FiO2 22-45 % |
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Simple Mask
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1) 5-12 L/M
2) 35-50% |
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Partial Rebreather
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1) 6-10 L/M
2)35-60% |
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Nonrebreather
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1) 6-10 L/M
2)55%-70% |
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Venti mask
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1) should be greater than 60 L/M
2)Fi02 24-50% |
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Factors that INCREASE FiO2 in low flow systems
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1) Higher O2 input
2)closed mouth breathing on cannula 3)low inspiratory flow 4)low tidal volume 5)slow RR 6)small minute volume 7)Long inspiratory time 8) High I:E ratio |
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Factors that DECREASE Fi02 in low flow systems
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1) Low O2
2)Open mouth breathing 3)High inspiratory flow 4)High tidal volume 5)Fast RR 6)Large minute ventilation 7)Short inspiratory time 8) Low I:E ratio |
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Three types of resovoir masks
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1)simple mask
2) partial rebreather 3) non rebreather |