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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ERYTHROXYLUM COCA
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active compound = cocaine + derivatives, Andes Mountains, chewing causes numbness of mouth, chew calcium carbonate to bring out alkaloid derivatives in leaves, Mech = inhibits re-uptake of norepinephrine at nerve terminus at adrenergic receptor in SNS, and same for dopamine
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Citua
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when families in Andes Mountains (Incas) would annually clean their homes, promoted public health
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Cocaine uses
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applied topically by dentists, local anesthetic, local vasoconstrictor that shrinks mucosal tissues
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Tetracaine uses
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derivative of cocaine, topical anesthetic applied to cornea
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Procaine uses
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cocaine derivative, infiltrative anesthetic used by dentists for nerve blocks
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Lidocaine uses
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cocaine derivative, local anesthetic used by dentists, tx of ventricular arrhythmias
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Tocainide uses
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cocaine derivative, tx of ventricular arrhythmias
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Procainamide uses
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cocaine derivative, tx of supra ventricular & ventricular arrhythmias
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CHONDRODENDRON TOMENTOSUM
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D-tubocurarine, Amazon Rainforest, paralytic drug, paralyzes receptors of somatic muscle cells, need drugs for blood flow and ventilator for breathing, poison darts!
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PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM
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opium poppy, codeine and morphine
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70% drugs derived from …
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…natural products, biological organisms, or development was influenced by structure/function of natural products
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Aztec medicine
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many medicinal plants, king had his own garden, surgery with human hair as sutures, Cortez was very impressed, King of Spain’s physician studied with Aztec physicians, wrote medical texts that are still used today (plant pharmacopoeia)
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Flexner Report
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1910, rank only given to schools that had pure molecule pharmaceutically oriented tx programs, only they could get funding and AMA approval, resulted in closure of herbal/homeopathic medical schools
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Medical McCarthyism by AMA
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bias against botanical medicines, physicians who used them would lose hospital privileges/MDs, refused studies on therapeutic benefits of medicinal plants un 1990s, still has profound effect today
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DSHEA
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Dietary supplement health & education act, 1994, botanical substances with documented use in humans without adverse effects can be lEgally sold in USA as dietary supplements, Grassroots/democratic movement
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Botanical medicines in Germany/England
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still continually use botanical medicines, England has separate herbal pharmacopoeia, Germany has Commission E which describes how to use herbs as medicine, 1 in 6 German medicines are botanical
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Botanical Medicines in Asia
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very botanical based
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Disease case presentations
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used to find out healer knowledge of Western diseases, dissolves cultural linguistic differences
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