"medical Aspects Of Chemical, Biological, And Radiological Warfare,” Chapter 8,

Front 1

Who is responsible for area decontamination of chemical agents aboard ship?
1. Medical officer
2. Supply officer
3. Damage control personnel
4. All hands

Back 1

Damage control personnel

Front 2

What should be the first priority in the treatment of chemically contaminated casualties?
1. Control of massive hemorrhage
2. Decontamination
3. Treatment of life-threatening shock
and wounds
4. Removal of contaminated clothing

Back 2

The following order of priority for first aid and decontaminating casualties is recommended:
1. Control of massive hemorrhage
2. First aid for life-threatening shock and wounds
3. Decontamination of exposed skin and eyes
4. Removal of contaminated clothing and decontamination of body surfaces (if not in a toxic environment)
Adjustment of patient’s mask, if mask is necessary
6. First aid in less severe shock and wounds

Front 3

Who, if anyone, is responsible for maintaining adequate supplies for the decontamination and treatment of CBR casualties?
1. Medical officer
2. Damage control officer
3. Supply officer
4. No one

Back 3

The Medical Officer or Senior Medical Department Representative (SMDR) is responsible for maintaining adequate supplies for decontamination and treatment of CBR casualties.

Front 4

Nerve agents produce their effect by
interfacing with normal transmission of nerve impulses.
1. True
2. False

Back 4

Nerve agents produce their effect by interfering with normal transmission of nerve impulses in the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system.

Front 5

The tendency of a chemical agent to
remain effective in a contaminated area is
known as
1. lethality
2. persistency
3. volatility
4. permeability

Back 5

persistency

Front 6

Inhalation of nerve gas characteristically results in which of the symptoms listed below?
1. Local muscular twitching
2. Dry mouth
3. Pinpoint pupils
4. Pulmonary edema

Back 6

Pinpoint pupils
If a vapor exposure has occurred, the pupils will constrict, usually to a pinpoint.

Front 7

In a definitive care facility, the indicated treatment of a nerve agent victim includes which of the following therapies?
1. 2 mg atropine and 600 mg 2-PAM chloride every 15 minutes until recovery
2. 2 mg atropine every 15 minutes until the victim has a dry mouth and mild tachycardia
3. 600 mg 2-PAM chloride every 15 minutes until the victim is conscious
4. Respiratory support only

Back 7

2 mg atropine every 15 minutes until the victim has a dry mouth and mild tachycardia

Front 8

What part of the body is most sensitive to the effects of mustard gases?
1. Eyes
2. Lungs
3. Liver
4. Skin

Back 8

Eyes
Because the eye is the most sensitive part of the body, the first noticeable symptoms of mustard exposure will be pain and a gritting feeling in the eyes, accompanied by spastic blinking of the eyelids and photophobia.

Front 9

Specific antidotal therapy is available for which, if any, of the following vesicants?
1. Mustard (HD)
2. Nitrogen mustard (HN)
3. Lewisite (L)
4. None of the above

Back 9

In cases of systemic involvement, British Anti-Lewisite (BAL), dimercaprol, is available in a peanut oil suspension for injection.

Front 10

First aid treatment for blood agents is amyl nitrite ampules followed by which of the compounds listed below?
1. Oral potassium chloride
2. Oral sodium thiosulfate
3. Intravenous potassium chloride
4. Intravenous sodium thiosulfate

Back 10

BLOOD AGENTS (AC, CK)
1. Initial treatment of cyanides: two amyl nitrite ampules crushed and inhaled (every few minutes until eight ampules have been used) or intravenous sodium nitrate 300mg (a 300mg to 600mg dose given).
2. Administer intravenous sodium thiosulfate 12.5g (1 to 2 doses given).
3. Follow-up treatment consists of the two antidotes given at half the original dose if there is no response to the first dose.

Front 11

The symbol for phosgene gas is
1. C1
2. CN
3. CG
4. CK

Back 11

phosgene (CG)
This group includes phosgene (CG) and chlorine (Cl), as well as chloropicrin and diphosgene

Front 12

Which of the following odors is an early
indication of exposure to phosgene gas in
casualty-producing amounts?
1. Bitter almonds
2. A freshly mown lawn
3. Geraniums
4. None of the above. Phosgene is undetectable

Back 12

Phosgene is a colorless gas with a distinctive odor similar to that of new-mown hay or freshly cut grass.

Front 13

The chemical agent that primarily affects the higher regulatory functions of the CNS is represented by which of the following symbols?
1. AC
2. BZ
3. CN
4. CS

Back 13

The standard incapacitant in the United States is 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ), a cholinergic blocking agent, which is effective in producing delirium that may last several days.

Front 14

Exposure to fresh air and allowing wind to
blow across wide open eyes is generally
sufficient treatment for which of the
following agents?
1. Psychochemicals
2. Lacrimators
3. Vomiting agents
4. Glycolates

Back 14

First aid for lacrimators is generally not necessary. Exposure to fresh air and letting wind blow into wide open eyes, held open if necessary, is sufficient for recovery in a short time.

Front 15

With exposure to Adamsite, which, if any, of the following actions must be taken to minimize or inhibit the symptoms of exposure?
1. Don a protective mask and continue duties as vigorously as possible
2. Give an intramuscular injection of physostigmine
3. Give an intravenous infusion of sodium thiosulfate
4. Do none of the above

Back 15

—It is of the utmost importance that the mask be worn in spite of coughing, sneezing, salivation, and nausea.

Front 16

What is the proper treatment for burning white phosphorus particles embedded in the skin?
1. Surgical removal followed by a copper sulfate wet dressing
2. A copper sulfate rinse then surgical removal
3. A copper sulfate rinse only
4. Allowing them to burn out

Back 16

A freshly mixed 0.5 percent solution of copper sulfate (which produces an airproof black coating of copper phosphide) may be used as a rinse but must not be used as a dressing.

Front 17

By what means can biological agents can be detected?
1. Physical senses
2. Chemical detectors
3. Laboratory examination
4. All of the above

Back 17

All of the above

Front 18

When entering an area known to be
contaminated with biological agents,
which of the following actions should be
taken?
1. Put on gloves, if available
2. Button up clothing
3. Put on a protective mask
4. Do all of the above

Back 18

Do all of the above

Front 19

What is the appropriate procedure to follow when biological agents are known to have been placed in your drinking water?
1. Double the amount of chlorine in the water
2. Double the time the water is exposed to the chlorine
3. Boil the water before you drink any of it
4. Refrain from drinking the water

Back 19

When biological agents are known to have been used, all drinking water must be boiled.

Front 20

Presenting a serious internal radiation
hazard, alpha particles can enter the body
through which of the following?
1. The digestive system
2. The respiratory system
3. Open wounds
4. Any of the above

Back 20

However, because of their great ionization power, they constitute a serious hazard when taken into the body through ingestion, inhalation, or an open wound.

Front 21

Of the following, which type of radiation has the greatest penetrating power?
1. Alpha
2. Beta
3. Gamma
4. Neutron

Back 21

Biologically, gamma rays are identical to x-rays of the same energy and frequency. Because they possess no mass or electrical charge, they are the most penetrating form of radiation.

Front 22

In the event of a nuclear detonation, what is the best position to assume?
1. Sitting, with the knees drawn up to the chest, facing away from the blast
2. Face down, with your face covered
3. On your side, in a fetal position facing away from the blast
4. Supine, with your face covered

Back 22

Face down, with your face covered

Front 23

The treatment of thermal burns from a nuclear detonation differs from more conventional burn wounds in which, if any, of the following ways?
1. Conventional burn wounds are generally less serious
2. Conventional burn wounds are more likely to become infected
3. Burns resulting from a nuclear detonation are more painful
4. There is no difference

Back 23

Aburn is a burn, regardless of whether it is caused by a nuclear explosion or by napalm, and its management remains the same.

Front 24

When using antibiotics for victims of radiation injuries, what is the recommended dosage?
1. One-half of the normal dosage
2. The normal dosage
3. Two times the normal dosage
4. Three times the normal dosage

Back 24

Corpsman should select an antibiotic on the basis of availability and appropriateness, and administer three times the recommended amount.

Front 25

Approximately what number of calories must be burned or consumed for the average individual to lose or gain one
pound?
1. 1,500
2. 2,000
3. 3,500
4. 5,000

Back 25

To gain or lose 1 pound requires that approximately 3,500 extra calories be consumed or burned.

Front 26

Which of the following nutritive elements
are considered the "building blocks" of the
body?
1. Fats
2. Carbohydrates
3. Minerals
4. Proteins

Back 26

Proteins are the “building blocks of the body and provide important required nutritive elements.

Front 27

What happens to protein consumed that is in excess of body requirements?
1. Used to supply energy only
2. Changed into fat only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Excreted from the body through elimination

Back 27

Extra protein is either used to supply energy or is changed into body fat

Front 28

What total number of amino acids are obtained solely from the food we eat?
1. 3
2. 7
3. 9
4. 11

Back 28

Of the approximately 20 amino acids, our body can produce all but nine.

Front 29

According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, upon which of the following dietary elements should a nutritional diet be based?
1. Fruits and vegetables
2. Complex carbohydrates
3. Fats
4. Dairy

Back 29

The food pyramid graphically communicates the message of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Diets should be built upon a base of complex carbohydrates and less fats.

Front 30

Instructions for preparing and submitting the Medical Event Report can be found in which of the following publications?
1. SECNAVINST 4061.1
2. NAVMED P-5010
3. NAVMED P-5038
4. Navy Supply Publication 486

Back 30

Instructions and requirements for reporting to local, state, national, and international health authorities can be found in the preface of the Control of Communicable Diseases Manual, NAVMED P-5038.