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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 6 steps in the chain of infection |
1) Infectious Agent 2) Reservoir 3) portal of Exit 4) Mode of Transmission 5) Portal of Entry 6) Susceptible Host |
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Infectious agent are... |
Bacterial, Viral, Fungal, Parasitic Resident - reside on skin in stable numbers Transient - attach loosely to the skin by contact with another - easily removed by handwashing |
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What are some examples of a reservoir? |
Humans, Animals, Water, Food Pathogen survives here but may or may not multiply |
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What are some examples of portals of exit |
Flu or Cold - mucous secretions West Nile Virus - when mosquito bites and feeds on birds blood hepatitis A - Stool SARS - droplet, contact |
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Name two superbugs |
MRSA - methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus - common nosocomial infection - colonizes on skin
VRE - Vancomycin resistant enterococcus - persist in environment for up to 7 days WASH HANDS |
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What must be worn for contact isolation? |
gloves, fluid impervious gown, HANDWASHING |
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What diseases spread by respiratory droplets? |
Flu, cold, pertussis, SARS - germs can be spread directly or indirectly |
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What must be worn with droplet precautions? |
Surgical mask within 3 foot zone HANDWASHING |
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What is the most common airborne transmitted disease? |
Tuberculosis - needs to be breathed in to be infectious |
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What precautions must be taken for airborne transmission? |
Negative air pressure isolation room door remains closed N95 respirator HANDWASHING |
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What are some portals of entry? |
respiratory system, ingestion, sexual contact, breaks in skin |
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What is a nosocomial infection? |
Result from delivery of healthcare services in a healthcare setting. Clients are at increased risk |
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Clients in healthcare setting are at risk for acquiring or developing infections because: |
Lower resistance, exposure, invasive procedures |
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When should hands be washed? |
visibly soiled before and after client contact in contact with a source of microorganisms prior to performance of invasive procedures before and after removing gloves between different procedures on same patient at beginning and end of every shift |
