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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 objectives of first aid |
Prevent further injury, infection, and loss of life |
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Unless contraindicated, what position do you make your preliminary examination in |
The position you find the victim |
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What situation would you limit your survey to observing the airway, breathing, and circulation |
Multi-victim situation |
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How many minutes can irreversible brain damage occur if breathing has stopped |
4-6 minutes |
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What do you avoid touching with your fingers or unsterile objects |
Open wound and burns |
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Always carry a litter with the patient in what position |
Feet first |
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_____ survey is used as a rapid initial assessment to detect and treat life threatening conditions that require immediate care |
Primary assessment |
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What is the secondary assessment |
A complete and detailed assessment |
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In primary assessment, what does " A B C D E" stand for |
Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure |
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When you are assessing "A -airway" if necessary what do you do |
Open the airway |
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When are you assessing "B-breathing", if necessary what do you do |
Provide rescue breathing |
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When you are assessing "C-circulation", if necessary what do you do |
Provide CPR or control profuse bleeding |
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When you are assessing "D-disability" if necessary what do you do |
Apply rigid neck collar if you suspect a head or neck injury |
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When you are assessing "E-exposed" if necessary what do you do |
Remove clothing, you cannot treat condition you have not discovered |
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How many minutes should the primary assessment steps, status, and transport decision be completed within |
10min from arrival on scene |
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What are 3 methods of controlling bleeding |
Direct pressure Pressure points Tourniquet |
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What is the best way to control external bleeding |
Exerting direct pressure to wound |
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What is also helpful on controlling hemorrhage when applying direct pressure |
Elevation |
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What is a pressure point |
The spot where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone |
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How many pressure points are there |
22 or 11 pairs |
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What is a Tourniquet |
A constricting band that is used to cut off the supply of blood to an injured limb |
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What should not be used because they cut into the flesh |
Rope, string, or very narrow pieces of cloth |
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When a patient is in shock the eyes may be ____ and the pupils _____ |
Glassy and dull Dilated |
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When a person is in shock the face and skin may be ____ |
Very pale or ashen gray |
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When a patient is in shock the lips are often |
Cyanotic ( blue in color) |
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What is a break in a bone called |
Fracture |
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What is the cause of heat cramps |
Excessive sweating |
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Common cause of heat exhaustion |
Working or exercising in hot environment |
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Symptoms of heat exhaustion |
Dizziness, weakness, headache, nausea, and loss of appetite |
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The victim may faint but will regain consciousness |
As the head is lowered |
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How do you treat heat exhaustion if they were in shock |
Move victim to cool or air conditioned area, apply wet clothes to head, axillary, groin, and ankles and fan them |
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Symptoms of heat exhaustion |
Ashen gray Skin cool Moist and clammy Pupils may dialate |
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What is the morality rate of heat stroke |
20% |
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How will heatstroke victim appear |
Flushed Very dry Very hot |
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Pupils of a heatstroke victim will ve |
Constricted (pinpoint) |
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What type of cold injuries are there |
Hypothermia Frostbite |
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What is hypothermia cause by |
Continued exposure to low or rapidly falling temperatures, cold moisture, snow or ice |
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What is the first symptom of hypothermia |
Shivering |
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Frostbite occurs when___ |
Ice crystals form in the skin or deep tissue |
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What are the classifications of frostbite |
Superficial Deep |
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Superficial frostbite |
Surface of skin feels hard but the underlying tissue is soft |
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Deep frostbite |
Freezing reaches deep tissue layers |
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When should you not attempt to thaw frostbite |
If there is possibility of refreezing |
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Define shock |
Life threatening medical condition when the body suffers from insufficient blood flow |
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5 Types of shock |
Septic Anaphylactic Cardiogenic Hypovolemic Neurogenic |
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Common cause of septic shock |
Pneumonia Meningitis Appendix |
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Cause of Anaphylactic shock |
Severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction |
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Common causes of Anaphylactic shock |
Allergy to insect stings Medication Food |
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Cause of Cardiogenic shock |
Heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to body |
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When would Cardiogenic shock most likely occur |
After heart attack Congestive heart failure |
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Cause of Hypovolemic shock |
Several blood and fluid loss |
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Common reason why Hypovolemic shock would happen |
Traumatic bodily injury and the heart is unable to pump enough blood to the body |
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Cause of Neurogenic shock |
Spinal cord injury |
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Common cause of Neurogenic shock |
Accident Injury |
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What does CPR stand for |
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation |
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What is CPR defined as a combination of |
Chest compressions Rescue breathing |
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What 2 organs can CPR support a small amount of blood flow |
Heart and brain |
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How did steps of CPR change? From ____ to ____ |
ABC to CAB |
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6 steps in survival chain |
Recognition/activation of CPR Chest compressions AED/defibrillator Effective advanced life support (EMT ambul) Integrated post-cardiac arrest care |
