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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
irritable bowel syndrome?
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a chronic GI disorder characterized by recurrent diarrhea, constipation, and/or abdominal pain and bloating
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Manning criteria?
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characteristic symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome:
-abdominal pain relieved by defecation or associated with changes in stool frequency or consistency -abdominal distention -the sensation of incomplete evacuation of stool -the presence of mucus with stool passage |
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hernia?
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a weakness in the abdominal muscle wall through which a segment of the bowel or other abdominal structure protrudes
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indirect inguinal hernia?
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a sac formed from the peritoneum that contains a portion of the intestine or omentum
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direct inguinal hernia?
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hernia passing through a weak point in the abdominal wall
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femoral hernia?
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hernia protruding through the femoral ring
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umbilical hernia?
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hernia through congenital defect in muscle or defect acquired due to increased intra-abdominal pressure
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incisional (ventral) hernia?
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hernia through an inadequately healed surgical incision
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reducible hernia?
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hernia whose contents can be placed back into the abdominal cavity by gentle pressure
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irreducible hernia?
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hernia whose contents cannot be reduced or placed back into the abdominal cavity
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strangulated hernia?
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hernia whose blood supply is cut off by the muscle around the hernia
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truss?
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a pad made with firm material placed over a hernia to keep the abdominal contents from protruding into the hernial sac
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minimally invasive inguinal hernia repair (herniorrhaphy)?
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procedure to repair a hernia using a laparoscope
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hernioplasty?
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surgical reinforcement of the weakened outside muscle wall using a mesh patch
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adenocarcinoma?
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tumors arising from the glandular epithelial tissue of the colon
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familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)?
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an autosomal genetic disorder known to cause colorectal cancer
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hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer?
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an autosomal genetic disorder known to cause colorectal cancer
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carcinogen?
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cancer-causing substance
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hematochezia?
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passage of red blood via the rectum
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carcinoembryonic antigen?
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an oncofetal antigen which is present in elevated amounts in people with colorectal cancer
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Dukes' staging classification?
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classification of colorectal tumors:
stage A- tumor has penetrated into but not through bowel wall stage B- tumor has penetrated bowel wall stage C- tumor has penetrated bowel wall and there is lymph node involvement stage D- tumor has metastasized to any number of distant sites |
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myelosuppression?
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bone marrow suppression, causing a decrease in blood cells (pancytopenia)
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pancytopenia?
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decreased blood cells
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colon resection?
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removal of tumor and regional lymph nodes
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colectomy?
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colon removal
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abdominoperineal resection?
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removal of sigmoid colon, rectum, and anus through combined abdominal adn perineal incisions
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transanal approach?
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tumor removal without an abdominal incision
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anastomosis?
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reattachment
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stoma?
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surgical opening
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mechanical obstruction?
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bowel is physically obstructed
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nonmechanical obstruction?
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bowel is not physically obstructed but does not function normally due to a neuromuscular disturbance
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strangulated obstruction?
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obstruction with compromised blood flow
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intussusception?
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telescoping of a segment of the intestine within itself
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paralytic/adynamic ileus?
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nonmechanical obstruction caused by decreased peristalsis due to trauma or the effect of a toxin on autonomic intestinal control
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obstipation?
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no passage of stool
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borborygmi?
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high-pitched bowel sounds
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exploratory laparotomy?
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a surgical opening of the abdominal cavity to investigate the cause of a disorder
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Cullen's sign?
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ecchymosis around the umbilicus
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Turner's sign?
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ecchymosis on either flank
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Ballance's sign?
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resonance over the right flank during percussion with the client lying on the left side
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Kehr's sign?
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left shoulder pain resulting from diaphragmatic irritation
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polyps?
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small growths attached to the surface in the intestinal tract
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internal hemorrhoids?
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hemorrhoids lying above the anal sphincter
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external hemorrhoids?
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hemorrhoids lying below the anal sphincter
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hemorrhoidectomy?
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resection of the hemorrhoid
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malabsorption?
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generalized flattening of the mucosa of the small intestine which interferes with the ability to absorb nutrients
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