Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disorder which results in?
|
hypocalcemia
|
|
|
The two forms of hypoparathyroidism are?
|
iatrogenic
idiopathic |
|
|
What is iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism?
|
most common form...caused by removal of all parathyroid tissue during total thyroidectomy or be deliberate surgical removal of parathyroid glands
|
|
|
What is idiopathic hypoparathyroidism?
|
can occur spontaneously...exact cause unknown, but an autoimmune basis is suspected in many clients...
may also occur with other autoimmune disorders such as: adrenal insufficiency hypothyroidism diabetes mellitus pernicious anemia vitiligo |
|
|
Hypomagnesemia is seen where?
|
in alcoholics and in clients with:
malabsorption syndrome chronic renal disease malnutrition causes impairment of PTH secretion and may interfere with effect of PTH on bones and kidneys |
|
|
When assessing patient for hypoparathyroidism, what might the nurse ask?
|
ever had any head or neck surgery?
ever had radiation therapy? have any mild tingling and numbness or tetany? any tingling and numbness around mouth or in hands and feet which might reflect mild to moderate hypocalcemia? having severe muscle cramps? having carpopedal spasms? having seizures with no loss of consciousness or incontinence reflecting a more severe hypocalcemia? having irritability or psychosis? |
|
|
During assessment, what might indicate an impending attack of tetany?
|
excessive or inappropriate muscle contractions that cause finger, hand, and elbow flexion
|
|
|
During assessment, what signs might be checked for, and if positive, what might they indicate a potential for?
|
Chvostek's sign
Trousseau's sign tetany |
|
|
During assessment, what might indicate effects of hypoparathyroidism on teeth?
|
bands or pits may encircle crowns of teeth indicating loss of calcium from teeth and enamel loss
|
|
|
What are diagnostic tests for hypoparathyroidism?
|
EEG
blood tsts CT serum calcium serum phosphate serum magnesium vitamin D urine cAmP |
|
|
Interventions for hypoparathyroidism?
|
focus on correcting:
hypocalcemia vitamin D deficiency hypomagnesemia |
|
|
Patients with acute and severe hypocalcemia should receive what kind of IV?
|
calcium is given as a 10% solution of calcium chloride or calcium gluconate over 10 to 15 minutes
|
|
|
Patient with acute vitamin D deficiency can be treated with?
|
calcitriol (Rocaltrol), 0.5 to 2 mg daily
|
|
|
Patients with acute hypomagnesemia is corrected with?
|
50% magnesium sulfate in 2 mL doses (up to 4 g daily) either intramuscularly or IV
|
|
|
Long-term oral therapy for hypocalcemia involves intake of?
|
calcium, 0.5 to 2 g daily in divided doses
|
|
|
What is the long-term therapy for vitamin D deficiency?
|
50,000 to 400,000 units of ergocalciferol daily
|
|
|
What is the nursing management for for hypoparathyroidism?
|
teach drug regimen
methods of reducing ANXIETY eat high calcium foods, but low in PHOSPHORUS stress that therapy is LIFELONG medical alert bracelet |
|
|
When repositioning a client with hypocalcemia, nurse should use?
|
a lift sheet
|
|
|
5 causes of hypoparathyroidism?
|
surgical or radiation-induced
thyroid ablation parathyroidectomy congenital dysgenesis idiopathic (autoimmune) hypoparathyroidism hypomagnesemia |
